{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T18:07:47Z","timestamp":1791396467275,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSPD2024R560"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSPD2024R560"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,8]],"date-time":"2024-02-08T17:41:02Z","timestamp":1707414062000},"page":"101986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Utilizing sinapic acid as an inhibitory antiviral agent against MERS-CoV PLpro"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3714-4772","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mudassar","family":"Shahid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed L.","family":"Alaofi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mushtaq","family":"Ahmad Ansari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheikh","family":"Fayaz Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saleh","family":"Alsuwayeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehab","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Raish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069773","article-title":"Allosteric Inhibitors of the NS3 Protease from the Hepatitis C Virus","volume":"8","author":"Abian","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.235","article-title":"Structural stability of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro and identification of quercetin as an inhibitor by experimental screening","volume":"164","author":"Abian","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.18185\/erzifbed.897348","article-title":"Evaluation of phenolic acids of Corylus avellana L. as potential SARS CoV-2 Main protease inhibitors","volume":"14","author":"Acar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Erzincan \u00dcniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc Dergisi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2608","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.13389","article-title":"A Case Study Evaluating the Risk of Infection from Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in a Hospital Setting Through Bioaerosols","volume":"39","author":"Adhikari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Risk Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2023.05.021","article-title":"Sinapic acid alleviates 5-fluorouracil-induced nephrotoxicity in rats via Nrf2\/HO-1 signalling","volume":"31","author":"Ahmad Ansari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060519858030","article-title":"Narrative review of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection: updates and implications for practice","volume":"48","author":"Al Mutair","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149588","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1149588","article-title":"Antimicrobial, anticancer, and biofilm inhibition studies of highly reduced graphene oxide (HRG): In vitro and in silico analysis","volume":"11","author":"Alangari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.01119","article-title":"Sinapic Acid Ameliorates the Progression of Streptozotocin (STZ)-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats via NRF2\/HO-1 Mediated Pathways","volume":"11","author":"Alaofi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0045","article-title":"Identification of Doxorubicin as repurposing inhibitory drug 2 for MERS-CoV PLpro","volume":"2022","author":"Alaofi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-79086-0_4","article-title":"Viral protease inhibitors","volume":"189","author":"Anderson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2020.00240","article-title":"May Polyphenols Have a Role Against Coronavirus Infection? An Overview of in vitro Evidence","volume":"7","author":"Annunziata","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0060","first-page":"1","volume":"64","author":"Arya","year":"2023","journal-title":"Evaluating Stability and Activity of SARS-CoV-2 PLpro for High-Throughput Screening of Inhibitors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12511","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01294-14","article-title":"Catalytic Function and Substrate Specificity of the Papain-Like Protease Domain of nsp3 from the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus","volume":"88","author":"B\u00e1ez-Santos","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131594","article-title":"Inhibition of the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro main protease by plant polyphenols","volume":"373","author":"Bahun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e202300216","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.202300216","article-title":"A Patent Review on SARS Coronavirus Papain-Like Protease (PL pro) Inhibitors","volume":"18","author":"Brian Chia","year":"2023","journal-title":"ChemMedChem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2005.10.019","article-title":"Anti-HIV-1 protease activity of compounds from Boesenbergia pandurata","volume":"14","author":"Cheenpracha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3571614","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3571614","article-title":"Sinapic Acid and Its Derivatives as Medicine in Oxidative Stress-Induced Diseases and Aging","volume":"2016","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4619","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02406-09","article-title":"Deubiquitinating and interferon antagonism activities of coronavirus papain-like proteases","volume":"84","author":"Clementz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24183368","article-title":"Identification of resveratrol as bioactive compound of propolis from western Romania and characterization of phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts","volume":"24","author":"Duca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6689","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02220-08","article-title":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus papain-like protease ubiquitin-like domain and catalytic domain regulate antagonism of IRF3 and NF-kappaB signaling","volume":"83","author":"Frieman","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-020518-115759","article-title":"Human Coronavirus : Host-Pathogen Interaction","volume":"73","author":"Fung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.5455\/msm.2016.28.235-238","article-title":"The Role of Cysteine Protease in Alzheimer Disease","volume":"28","author":"Hasanbasic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mater Sociomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0115","first-page":"721","article-title":"Sinapic acid inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation, migration, and invasion via downregulation of the AKT\/Gsk-3\u03b2 signal pathway","volume":"83","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Dev Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Huynh, K., Partch, C.L., 2015. Analysis of protein stability and ligand interactions by thermal shift assay. Current protocols in protein science 79, 28.9.1-28.9.14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/0471140864.ps2809s79.","DOI":"10.1002\/0471140864.ps2809s79"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11955","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02105-13","article-title":"Assessing Activity and Inhibition of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Papain-Like and 3C-Like Proteases Using Luciferase-Based Biosensors","volume":"87","author":"Kilianski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1177\/2472555218823547","article-title":"TSA-CRAFT: A Free Software for Automatic and Robust Thermal Shift Assay Data Analysis","volume":"24","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"SLAS Discovery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1021\/cb500917m","article-title":"Inhibitor Recognition Specificity of MERS-CoV Papain-like Protease May Differ from That of SARS-CoV","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACS Chem. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1423-0127-21-54","article-title":"Structural and functional characterization of MERS coronavirus papain-like protease","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2228","article-title":"Emerging roles of proteases in tumour suppression","volume":"7","author":"L\u00f3pez-Ot\u00edn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-011-0845-8","article-title":"Flavonoid-mediated inhibition of SARS coronavirus 3C-like protease expressed in Pichia pastoris","volume":"34","author":"Nguyen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biotechnol Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ni\u0107iforovi\u0107, N., 2014. H.J.C.r.i.f.s. Abramovi\u010d, and f. safety, Sinapic acid and its derivatives: natural sources and bioactivity.","DOI":"10.1111\/1541-4337.12041"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-10-309","article-title":"Extracts from Acacia catechu suppress HIV-1 replication by inhibiting the activities of the viral protease and Tat","volume":"10","author":"Nutan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10040420","article-title":"Sinapic Acid Suppresses SARS CoV-2 Replication by Targeting Its Envelope Protein","volume":"10","author":"Orfali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics (basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2016.1265519","article-title":"Evaluation of polyphenols from Broussonetia papyrifera as coronavirus protease inhibitors","volume":"32","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Enzyme Inhib. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ve\/vey035","article-title":"Identification and characterization of Coronaviridae genomes from Vietnamese bats and rats based on conserved protein domains","volume":"4","author":"Phan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virus Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112412","article-title":"Sinapic acid ameliorates cardiac dysfunction and cardiomyopathy by modulating NF-kappaB and Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling pathways in streptozocin induced diabetic rats","volume":"145","author":"Raish","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4139","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27134139","article-title":"Sinapic Acid Ameliorates Acetic Acid-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Rats by Suppressing Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis","volume":"27","author":"Shahid","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7561","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.2c00303","article-title":"Progress and Challenges in Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Papain-like Protease","volume":"65","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0195","article-title":"Molecular Docking Analysis Of Some Phytochemicals On Two SARS-CoV-2 Targets: Potential Lead Compounds Against Two Target Sites of SARS-CoV-2 Obtained from Plants (preprint)","author":"Ubani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0200","unstructured":"W. (2020). Schr\u00f6dinger, & D., L., 2020. PyMOL."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/095632020001100101","article-title":"The Herpesvirus Proteases as Targets for Antiviral Chemotherapy","volume":"11","author":"Waxman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Antivir Chem Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.06540-11","volume":"86","author":"Woo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6532","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01043-16","article-title":"Identification of Nafamostat as a Potent Inhibitor of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus S Protein-Mediated Membrane Fusion Using the Split-Protein-Based Cell-Cell Fusion Assay","volume":"60","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11334","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.20.11334-11339.2004","article-title":"Small molecules blocking the entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus into host cells","volume":"78","author":"Yi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s11046-010-9386-2","article-title":"Fungal Proteases and Their Pathophysiological Effects","volume":"171","author":"Yike","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mycopathologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1211721","article-title":"Isolation of a Novel Coronavirus from a Man with Pneumonia in Saudi Arabia","volume":"367","author":"Zaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."}],"container-title":["Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1319016424000367?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1319016424000367?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T17:24:54Z","timestamp":1736184294000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1319016424000367"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1319016424000367"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986","relation":{},"ISSN":["1319-0164"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1319-0164","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Utilizing sinapic acid as an inhibitory antiviral agent against MERS-CoV PLpro","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsps.2024.101986","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101986"}}