{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T22:26:36Z","timestamp":1775514396377,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008915","name":"Department of Transport and Main Roads, Queensland Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008915","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015795","name":"Motor Accident Insurance Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015795","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001796","name":"University of the Sunshine Coast","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001796","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Safety Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T18:20:00Z","timestamp":1635272400000},"page":"368-375","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Crash proneness? Predictors of repeat crashes in older drivers"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Verity","family":"Truelove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2007.01.013","article-title":"Culpable versus non-culpable traffic accidents; What is wrong with this picture?","volume":"38","author":"af W\u00e5hlberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/14639220801912597","article-title":"Bus driver accident record: The return of accident proneness","volume":"10","author":"af W\u00e5hlberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2014.12.007","article-title":"Cognitive functioning differentially predicts different dimensions of older drivers\u2019 on-road safety","volume":"75","author":"Aksan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2016.11.003","article-title":"Contributing factors to motorcycle injury crashes in Victoria, Australia","volume":"45","author":"Allen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2004.07.008","article-title":"Cognitive, sensory and physical factors enabling driving safety in older adults","volume":"25","author":"Anstey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0030","author":"Australian Bureau of Statistics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2005.04.025","article-title":"Older drivers and accidents: A meta analysis and data mining application on traffic accident data","volume":"29","author":"Bayam","year":"2005","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-7535(01)00080-7","article-title":"Accident probability after accident occurrence","volume":"41","author":"Blasco","year":"2003","journal-title":"Safety Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2007.10.010","article-title":"The impact of environmental, vehicle and driver characteristics on injury severity in older drivers hospitalized as a result of a traffic crash","volume":"39","author":"Boufous","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601119","article-title":"Survival Analysis Part II: Multivariate data analysis \u2013 an introduction to concepts and methods","volume":"89","author":"Bradburn","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601120","article-title":"Survival Analysis Part III: Multivariate data analysis \u2013 choosing a model and assessing its adequacy and fit","volume":"89","author":"Bradburn","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.02.005","article-title":"Heavy vehicle driver fatalities: Learning's from fatal road crash investigations in Victoria","volume":"41","author":"Brodie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0065","first-page":"669","article-title":"Heavy truck cab safety study","volume":"100","author":"Campbell","year":"1991","journal-title":"SAE Transactions"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3141\/1843-11","article-title":"Problem driving maneuvers of elderly drivers","volume":"1843","author":"Chandraratna","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transportation Research Record"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2005.11.011","article-title":"Crash involvement of drivers with multiple crashes","volume":"38","author":"Chandraratna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601118","article-title":"Survival analysis Part I: Basic concepts and first analyses","volume":"89","author":"Clark","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6601117","article-title":"Survival analysis Part IV: Further concepts and methods in survival analysis","volume":"89","author":"Clark","year":"2003","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.12.005","article-title":"Older drivers\u2019 road traffic crashes in the UK","volume":"42","author":"Clarke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1076\/jcen.24.2.221.993","article-title":"Executive functions in the evaluation of accident risk of older drivers","volume":"24","author":"Daigneault","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtte.2015.03.003","article-title":"Estimating likelihood of future crashes for crash-prone drivers","volume":"2","author":"Das","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering (English Edition)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3141\/2265-06","article-title":"Factors associated with motorcycle crashes in New South Wales, Australia, 2004 to 2008","volume":"2265","author":"de Rome","year":"2011","journal-title":"Transportation Research Record"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0115","author":"Department of Transport and Main Roads"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0120","first-page":"237","article-title":"Injury patterns and severity among hospitalized motorcyclists: A comparison of younger and older riders","volume":"50","author":"Dischinger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annual Proceedings Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1080\/1463922X.2020.1749960","article-title":"Accident proneness of bus drivers; controlling for exposure","volume":"22","author":"Dorn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2009.09.026","article-title":"Age-related safety in professional heavy vehicle drivers: A literature review","volume":"42","author":"Duke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1080\/10286580108902562","article-title":"Predicting offenses and crashes from young drivers' offense and crash histories","volume":"2","author":"Elliott","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Crash Prevention and Injury Control"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(00)00035-X","article-title":"Novice drink drivers, recidivism and crash involvement","volume":"33","author":"Ferrante","year":"2001","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2016.09.017","article-title":"An investigation of the speeding-related crash designation through crash narrative reviews sampled via logistic regression","volume":"98","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2307\/2341080","article-title":"An inquiry into the nature of frequency distributions representative of multiple happenings with particular reference to the occurrence of multiple attacks of disease or of repeated accidents","volume":"83","author":"Greenwood","year":"1920","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0160","first-page":"1","article-title":"Age related annual crash incidence rate ratios in professional drivers of heavy goods vehicles","volume":"65","author":"Guest","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guns, M., & Vanacker, V. (2012). Logistic regression applied to natural hazards: Rare event logistic regression with replications. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 12(6), 1937-1947. doi:http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2078.1\/114390.","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-12-1937-2012"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2009.08.008","article-title":"Beyond \u201caccident-proneness\u201d: Using Five-Factor Model prototypes to predict driving behavior","volume":"43","author":"Herzberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Research in Personality"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1080\/17457300.2018.1482927","article-title":"Gender and age distribution of motorcycle crashes in Spain","volume":"26","author":"Hidalgo-Fuentes","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2003.09.011","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of passengers on the safety of older drivers","volume":"34","author":"Hing","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Safety Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pan.a004868","article-title":"Logistic regression in rare events data","volume":"9","author":"King","year":"2001","journal-title":"Political Analysis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-8141(99)00035-9","article-title":"The relation of age, work ability index and stress-inducing factors among bus drivers","volume":"25","author":"Kloim\u00fcller","year":"2000","journal-title":"International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2006.03.005","article-title":"Epidemiology of older driver crashes \u2013 Identifying older driver risk factors and exposure patterns","volume":"9","author":"Langford","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2016.10.030","article-title":"Age-related differences in fatal intersection crashes in the United States","volume":"99","author":"Lombardi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580600636724","article-title":"Collisions involving senior drivers: High-risk conditions and locations","volume":"7","author":"Mayhew","year":"2006","journal-title":"Traffic Injury Prevention"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/03610730490275111","article-title":"The influence of passengers on older drivers involved in fatal crashes","volume":"30","author":"Michel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Experimental Aging Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2013.08.001","article-title":"Safety management for heavy vehicle transport: A review of the literature","volume":"62","author":"Mooren","year":"2014","journal-title":"Safety Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0220","author":"NHTSA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.5539\/res.v10n2p150","article-title":"Improving roadway navigation and safety of older age drivers","volume":"10","author":"Obeidat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Review of European Studies"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtrangeo.2010.04.005","article-title":"The safe mobility of older drivers: A challenge for urban road designers","volume":"18","author":"Oxley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Transport Geography"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007649804201","article-title":"Human factors in the causation of road traffic crashes","volume":"16","author":"Petridou","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2012.02.016","article-title":"Older drivers\u2019 crashes in Queensland, Australia","volume":"48","author":"Rakotonirainy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2011.03.012","article-title":"Understanding the factors influencing safe and unsafe motorcycle rider intentions","volume":"49","author":"Tunnicliff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0250","unstructured":"Van Elslande, P., la Beaumelle, V. F., Holgate, J., Redant, K., de Solere, H., Margaritis, D., \u2026 Granstrom, P. G. (2014). Mobility and safety of powered two-wheelers in the OECD countries. Paper presented at the Transport Research Arena (TRA) 5th Conference: Transport Solution from Research to Deployment Paris, France."},{"issue":"7444","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.37984.574757.EE","article-title":"Motorcycle rider conspicuity and crash related injury: Case-control study","volume":"328","author":"Wells","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"}],"container-title":["Journal of Safety Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022437521001316?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022437521001316?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T12:49:44Z","timestamp":1758372584000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022437521001316"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0022437521001316"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4375"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4375","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Crash proneness? Predictors of repeat crashes in older drivers","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Safety Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsr.2021.10.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}