{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T08:58:51Z","timestamp":1777625931308,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R49CE003090"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R49CE003090"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005217","name":"National Center for Injury Prevention and Control","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005217","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Safety Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T06:57:14Z","timestamp":1752908234000},"page":"370-382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["You can\u2019t have your cake and eat it too: the paradox of the American public supporting road safety but reluctant to pay the price \u2013 evidence from a discrete choice experiment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7470-4391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel F.","family":"Drabo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johnathon P.","family":"Ehsani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Frattaroli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keshia M.","family":"Pollack Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4560-9712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey P.","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jom.2017.06.001","article-title":"Attention by design: Using attention checks to detect inattentive respondents and improve data quality","volume":"53\u201356","author":"Abbey","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Oper. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2021.101010","article-title":"Evaluating the impact of socio-economic contributing factors of cities in California on their traffic safety condition","volume":"20","author":"Amiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Transp. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/s12544-013-0103-3","article-title":"A stated-preference study of the willingness-to-pay to reduce traffic risk in urban vs. rural roads","volume":"6","author":"Antoniou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Transp. Res. Rev."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0565","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1017\/pan.2019.5","article-title":"A note on Dropping Experimental Subjects who Fail a Manipulation Check","volume":"27","author":"Aronow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Polit. Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2014.01.004","article-title":"Cultural foundations of safety culture: A comparison of traffic safety culture in China, Japan and the United States","volume":"26","author":"Atchley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transport. Res. F: Traffic Psychol. Behav."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.984","article-title":"Effects coding in discrete choice experiments","volume":"14","author":"Bech","year":"2005","journal-title":"Health Econ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.2307\/3146613","article-title":"Validation of Empirical measures of Welfare Change: Comment","volume":"64","author":"Boyle","year":"1988","journal-title":"Land Econ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2010.11.013","article-title":"Conjoint analysis applications in health\u2013a checklist: A report of the ISPOR Good Research Practices for Conjoint Analysis Task Force","volume":"14","author":"Bridges","year":"2011","journal-title":"Value in Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14610","article-title":"The impact of flavors, health risks, secondhand smoke and prices on young adults\u2019 cigarette and e-cigarette choices: A discrete choice experiment","volume":"114","author":"Buckell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2010.05.012","article-title":"Nilsson\u2019s Power Model connecting speed and road trauma: Applicability by road type and alternative models for urban roads","volume":"42","author":"Cameron","year":"2010","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2018.08.030","article-title":"The complex relationship between increases to speed limits and traffic fatalities: Evidence from a meta-analysis","volume":"111","author":"Castillo-Manzano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0010","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Web-based injury statistics query and reporting system (WISQARS). US Department of Health and Human Services: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Accessed April 4, 2025. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/injury\/wisqars\/index.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0210","unstructured":"Charlene R, Jonathan G, John A, Nancy D, Peter B. Evaluating Patient Hospital Choice in London: Stated and Revealed Preferences. 2005. Technical Reports. 2005-06-30. https:\/\/policycommons.net\/artifacts\/4830034\/london-patient-choice-project-evaluation\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0445","first-page":"7","article-title":"Impact of socio-economic profiles on public health crisis of road traffic accidents: A qualitative study from South India. Clinical Epidemiology and Global","volume":"9","author":"Chinnappa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2007.05.004","article-title":"A Random Regret-Minimization model of travel choice","volume":"42","author":"Chorus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Transp. Res. B Methodol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s40273-014-0170-x","article-title":"Discrete choice experiments in health economics: A review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Clark","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.3141\/2514-03","article-title":"Longitudinal Analysis of Rural Interstate fatalities in Relation to speed Limit policies","volume":"2514","author":"Davis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Rec."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1697","article-title":"Discrete choice experiments in health economics: A review of the literature","volume":"21","author":"de Bekker-Grob","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Econ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s40271-015-0118-z","article-title":"Sample size Requirements for Discrete-Choice Experiments in Healthcare: A Practical Guide","volume":"8","author":"de Bekker-Grob","year":"2015","journal-title":"Patient"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(01)00100-2","article-title":"Risk perception of traffic participants","volume":"35","author":"de Blaeij","year":"2003","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jue.2007.09.001","article-title":"The trade-off between money and travel time: A test of the theory of reference-dependent preferences","volume":"64","author":"De Borger","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Urban Econ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-045803","article-title":"Discrete choice experiment (DCE) to quantify the influence of trial features on the decision to participate in cystic fibrosis (CF) clinical trials","volume":"11","author":"Dobra","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2017.1422601","article-title":"Safe speed limits for a safe system: The relationship between speed limit and fatal crash rate for different crash types","volume":"19","author":"Doecke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Traffic Inj. Prev."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e494","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdae048","article-title":"Appealing to Americans' altruism is not enough to nudge them to accept novel vaccines","volume":"46","author":"Drabo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Public Health (Oxf.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_bib566","unstructured":"Drabo, E. F., Michael, J. P., & Ehsani, J. P. (2024). Assessing the American public's preferences for reforms to teen driving licensure systems: A discrete choice experiment. Inj Prev. 2024 Jul 29:ip-2023-045221. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ip-2023-045221. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 39074981; PMCID: PMC11775242."},{"issue":"S1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.12644","article-title":"The Future of Road Safety: Challenges and Opportunities","volume":"101","author":"Ehsani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Milbank Q."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0510","unstructured":"Etika A. Developing safe system road safety indicators for the UK. 2018."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2016.1213821","article-title":"Relationship of traffic fatality rates to maximum state speed limits","volume":"18","author":"Farmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Traffic Inj. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0485","unstructured":"Federal Highway Admnistration (2023). USLIMITS2: A Tool to Aid Practitioners in Determining Appropriate Speed Limit Recommendations. U.S. Department of Transportation. Updated May 17, 2023. Accessed March 31, 2025. https:\/\/highways.dot.gov\/safety\/speed-management\/uslimits2."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1049\/itr2.12079","article-title":"Vision-based vehicle speed estimation: A survey","volume":"15","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez Llorca","year":"2021","journal-title":"IET Intel. Transport Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2013.12.010","article-title":"Hypothetical bias in Stated Choice Experiments: Is it a problem? and if so, how do we deal with it?","volume":"61","author":"Fifer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transp. Res. A Policy Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2016.01.020","article-title":"The application of continuous speed data for setting rational speed limits and improving roadway safety","volume":"85","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2015.04.001","article-title":"Asymmetric preferences for road safety: Evidence from a stated choice experiment among car drivers","volume":"31","author":"Fl\u00fcgel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transport. Res. F: Traffic Psychol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2015.03.006","article-title":"Car drivers\u2019 valuation of landslide risk reductions","volume":"77","author":"Fl\u00fcgel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saf. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20376-1","article-title":"Socioeconomic and behavioral factors of road traffic accidents among drivers in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta analysis","volume":"24","author":"Getachew","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0125","unstructured":"Sustainable Development Goals. Road Safety for All. 2019. Jan 19. https:\/\/unece.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-12\/Road_Safety_for_All.pdf."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1086\/208592","article-title":"On the Design of Choice Experiments Involving Multifactor Alternatives","volume":"1","author":"Green","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Consum. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0385","series-title":"Econometric analysis","author":"Greene","year":"2012"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-2615(02)00046-2","article-title":"A latent class model for discrete choice analysis: Contrasts with mixed logit","volume":"37","author":"Greene","year":"2003","journal-title":"Transp. Res. B Methodol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1177\/0049124118769083","article-title":"Using Instructed Response items as attention Checks in Web surveys: Properties and Implementation","volume":"50","author":"Gummer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sociol. Methods Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0070","unstructured":"H.R.3684 \u2014 117th Congress Public Law 58: Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021, Pub. L. No. 117-58, (U.S. Government Publishing Office 2021). https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/house-bill\/3684\/text."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2005.09.002","article-title":"What influences participation in genetic carrier testing? results from a discrete choice experiment","volume":"25","author":"Hall","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Health Econ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2016.04.004","article-title":"Statistical Methods for the Analysis of Discrete Choice Experiments: A Report of the ISPOR Conjoint Analysis Good Research Practices Task Force","volume":"19","author":"Hauber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1257\/jep.26.4.43","article-title":"Contingent Valuation: From Dubious to Hopeless","volume":"26","author":"Hausman","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Econ. Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0375","series-title":"Applied Choice Analysis: A Primer","author":"Hensher","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tra.2014.04.004","article-title":"Contrasts between utility maximisation and regret minimisation in the presence of opt out alternatives","volume":"66","author":"Hess","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transp. Res. A Policy Pract."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0310","article-title":"Patients' preferences for osteoporosis drug treatment: A discrete-choice experiment","volume":"16(1):R36","author":"Hiligsmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Research & Therapy. Jan 31"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trb.2012.04.001","article-title":"Using prospect theory to investigate the low marginal value of travel time for small time changes","volume":"46","author":"Hjorth","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transp. Res. B Methodol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1197","article-title":"A comparison of approaches to estimating confidence intervals for willingness to pay measures","volume":"16","author":"Hole","year":"2007","journal-title":"Health Econ."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1177\/0193841X9902300303","article-title":"Implications of the 65-mph speed limit for traffic safety","volume":"23","author":"Houston","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eval. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0120","unstructured":"Zipper D. How Japan Won its \u2018Traffic War\u2019. Bloomberg. September 6, 2022 Accessed April 4, 2025. https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2022-09-06\/what-drove-japan-s-remarkable-traffic-safety-turnaround."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2008.00417.x","article-title":"Does attribute framing in discrete choice experiments influence willingness to pay? results from a discrete choice experiment in screening for colorectal cancer","volume":"12","author":"Howard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Value in Health. Mar-Apr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1136\/injuryprev-2018-043025","article-title":"Lowering the speed limit from 30 mph to 25 mph in Boston: Effects on vehicle speeds","volume":"26","author":"Hu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inj. Prev."},{"issue":"10346","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00917-5","article-title":"The political and social contexts of global road safety: Challenges for the next decade","volume":"400","author":"Hyder","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0290","first-page":"1","article-title":"Getting the most from CBC. Sequim: Sawtooth Software Research Paper Series","author":"Johnson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sawtooth Software."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0550","first-page":"319","article-title":"Contemporary guidance for stated preference studies","volume":"4","author":"Johnston","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Assoc. Environ. Resour. Econ."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2021.11.019","article-title":"P20 evaluating Preferences and the effect of Altruism on COVID-19 Vaccine Decisions: A Discrete Choice Experiment","volume":"25","author":"Kelley","year":"2022","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.2307\/1924536","article-title":"On Approximating the Statistical Properties of Elasticities","volume":"68","author":"Krinsky","year":"1986","journal-title":"Rev. Econ. Stat."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.2307\/2109761","article-title":"On Approximating the Statistical Properties of Elasticities: A Correction","volume":"72","author":"Krinsky","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev. Econ. Stat."},{"issue":"6pt2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2057","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-6773.2011.01266.x","article-title":"Population preferences for health care in liberia: insights for rebuilding a health system","volume":"46","author":"Kruk","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Services Research. Dec"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1177\/002224379403100408","article-title":"Efficient Experimental Design with Marketing Research applications","volume":"31","author":"Kuhfeld","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Mark. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0300","unstructured":"Kuhfeld, W. (2009). Marketing Research Methods in SAS Experimental Design, Choice, Conjoint, and Graphical Techniques."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0025","unstructured":"Kumfer W, Martin L, Turner S, Broshears L. Safe System Approach for Speed Management (No. FHWA-SA-23-002). U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. May 1, 2023. Accessed April 5, 2025. https:\/\/highways.dot.gov\/sites\/fhwa.dot.gov\/files\/Safe_System_Approach_for_Speed_Management.pdf."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1111\/apps.12108","article-title":"Are attention check questions a Threat to Scale Validity?","volume":"67","author":"Kung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appl. Psychol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1086\/259131","article-title":"A New Approach to Consumer Theory","volume":"74","author":"Lancaster","year":"1966","journal-title":"J. Polit. Econ."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1104","article-title":"Deleting \u201cirrational\u201d responses from discrete choice experiments: A case of investigating or imposing preferences?","volume":"15","author":"Lancsar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Health Econ."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200826080-00004","article-title":"Conducting discrete choice experiments to inform healthcare decision making: A user's guide","volume":"26","author":"Lancsar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1177\/1470785318805305","article-title":"Controlling social desirability bias","volume":"61","author":"Larson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Mark. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1162\/003465300559091","article-title":"Heterogeneous Preferences Regarding Global climate Change","volume":"82","author":"Layton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Rev. Econ. Stat."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0140","unstructured":"Leow A, Braid E, Schoubroeck} Cv, Basnak M. (2023). Road safety: Landscape of the problem and routes to effective policy advocacy. Accessed, April 5, 2025. https:\/\/rethinkpriorities.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Roadsafety-newtemplate.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.2147\/IJWH.S244437","article-title":"Socio-Demographic Determinants of Road Traffic fatalities in Women of Reproductive Age in the Republic of Georgia: Evidence from the National Reproductive Age Mortality Study (2014)","volume":"12","author":"Lomia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0370","series-title":"Stated Choice Methods: Analysis and applications","author":"Louviere","year":"2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S1755-5345(13)70014-9","article-title":"Discrete Choice Experiments are not Conjoint Analysis","volume":"3","author":"Louviere","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Choice Modelling"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/ecin.12706","article-title":"Releasing the trap: A method to reduce inattention bias in survey data with application to U.S. beer taxes","volume":"57","author":"Malone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Econ. Inq."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00133443","article-title":"The structure of random utility models","volume":"8","author":"Manski","year":"1977","journal-title":"Theor. Decis."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.2165\/11539650-000000000-00000","article-title":"Conjoint Analysis applications in Health - how are Studies being Designed and Reported?: An Update on Current Practice in the published Literature between 2005 and 2008","volume":"3","author":"Marshall","year":"2010","journal-title":"Patient"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1080\/21606544.2018.1515118","article-title":"Choice certainty, consistency, and monotonicity in discrete choice experiments","volume":"8","author":"Mattmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Environ. Econ. Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2727(74)90003-6","article-title":"The measurement of urban travel demand","volume":"3","author":"McFadden","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Public Econ."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1002\/1099-1255(200009\/10)15:5<447::AID-JAE570>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Mixed MNL models for discrete response","volume":"15","author":"McFadden","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Appl. Economet."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0145","article-title":"Estimating the Value of Statistical Life in a Road Safety Context based on the Contingent Valuation Method","volume":"2022","author":"Mekonnen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Adv. Transp."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1017\/S1744133110000344","article-title":"A discrete choice experiment investigating preferences for funding drugs used to treat orphan diseases: An exploratory study","volume":"6","author":"Mentzakis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health Econ. Policy Law"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trf.2023.12.008","article-title":"A methodology for setting credible speed limits based on numerical analyses and driving simulator experiments","volume":"100","author":"Montella","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transport. Res. F: Traffic Psychol. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0005","unstructured":"National Safety Council. NSC Injury Facts: Preliminary Semiannual Estimates. National Safety Council (NSC). Accessed April 4, 2025. https:\/\/injuryfacts.nsc.org\/motor-vehicle\/overview\/preliminary-estimates\/."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s40471-020-00248-z","article-title":"Systems Thinking in the Context of Road Safety: Can Systems Tools help us Realize a true \u201cSafe Systems\u201d Approach?","volume":"7","author":"Naumann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Epidemiol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0500","unstructured":"Nilsson G. Traffic safety dimensions and the power model to describe the effect of speed on safety. 2004."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0270","unstructured":"National Opinion Research Center (NORC). AmeriSpeak. University of Chicago,. Accessed May 06, 2022. https:\/\/amerispeak.norc.org\/us\/en\/amerispeak.html."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iatssr.2016.01.003","article-title":"Achieving safe road traffic \u2014 the experience in Japan","volume":"39","author":"Oguchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"IATSS Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0505","series-title":"Speed management: A road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners","article-title":"Speed management: A road safety manual for decision-makers and practitioners","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0285","unstructured":"Orme B. Sample size issues for conjoint analysis. In: Orme B, ed. Getting started with conjoint analysis: strategies for product design and pricing research. 2nd ed. Research Publishers LLC; 2010:57-66:chap 7."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1080\/15389580214625","article-title":"The effect of increasing rural interstate speed limits in the United States","volume":"3","author":"Patterson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Article. Traffic Injury Prevention."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0515","series-title":"World report on road traffic injury prevention","author":"Peden","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0095","article-title":"Federal highway traffic safety policies","author":"Peterman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Impacts and opportunities."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.08.032","article-title":"A systematic review of the reliability and validity of discrete choice experiments in valuing non-market environmental goods","volume":"183","author":"Rakotonarivo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0430","series-title":"Applied Conjoint Analysis","author":"Rao","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0435","article-title":"R: A language and environment for statistical computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2022","journal-title":"R Foundation for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2012.08.2223","article-title":"Constructing experimental designs for discrete-choice experiments: Report of the ISPOR Conjoint Analysis Experimental Design Good Research Practices Task Force","volume":"16","author":"Reed Johnson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Value in Health. Jan-Feb"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-4575(01)00082-3","article-title":"Stated preference in the valuation of interurban road safety","volume":"35","author":"Rizzi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0185","first-page":"55","article-title":"Using discrete choice experiments to value health care programmes: Current practice and future research reflections","volume":"2","author":"Ryan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl. Health Econ. Health Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0470","article-title":"Influencing factors on drivers\u2019 support for traffic safety laws in Canada. Case Studies on","volume":"15","author":"Saeidi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transp. Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3390\/safety10010011","article-title":"Nonlinear Analysis of the Effects of Socioeconomic, Demographic, and Technological Factors on the Number of Fatal Traffic Accidents","volume":"10","author":"Sohaee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Safety"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0475","unstructured":"Srinivasan R, Parker M, Harkey D, Tharpe D, Sumner R. Expert System for Recommending Speed Limits in Speed Zones: Final Report. Transportation Research Board: Washington, DC, USA. 2006:39-42."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0450","article-title":"Effect of Socioeconomic Factors on Crash Occurrence","author":"Stamatiadis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Tech Report."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2018.04.1822","article-title":"Assessing Rationality in Discrete Choice Experiments in Health: An Investigation into the use of Dominance Tests","volume":"21","author":"Tervonen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0380","series-title":"Discrete Choice Methods with simulation","author":"Train","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0065","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Transportation. Implementing the National Roadway Safety Strategy. U.S. Department of Transportation. April 4, 2025. Accessed Nov 22, 2023. https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/NRSS\/Implementation."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0080","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Transportation (2022). National Roadway Safety Strategy. U.S. Department of Transportation, Office of the Secretary of Transportation. Accessed, April 4, 2025. https:\/\/www.transportation.gov\/sites\/dot.gov\/files\/2022-02\/USDOT-National-Roadway-Safety-Strategy.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0135","unstructured":"UNITAR. (2025). Tackling Road Safety through Behavioural Science and Social Norms. Accessed April 4. https:\/\/unitar.org\/sustainable-development-goals\/people\/our-portfolio\/road-safety-initiative\/tackling-road-safety-through-behavioural-science-and-social-norms."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iatssr.2020.09.002","article-title":"The association between national culture, road safety performance and support for policy measures","volume":"44","author":"Van den Berghe","year":"2020","journal-title":"IATSS Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0160","article-title":"Watch out! Travellers\u2019 valuation of reduced avalanche risks on railways and roads","volume":"29","author":"Veisten","year":"2025","journal-title":"Transp. Res. Interdiscip. Perspect."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-4575(90)90029-K","article-title":"Effects of the 65 mph speed limit on injury morbidity and mortality","volume":"22","author":"Wagenaar","year":"1990","journal-title":"Accid. Anal. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0050","unstructured":"Welle B, Sharpin AB, Adriazola-Steil C, et al. Sustainable and safe: A vision and guidance for zero road deaths. 2018. https:\/\/www.wri.org\/research\/sustainable-and-safe-vision-and-guidance-zero-road-deaths."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0100","article-title":"Assessing public support for air pollution mitigation and control policies: Health, socioeconomic, and ideological predictors in an overburdened and vulnerable region of the U.S","volume":"25(1):263","author":"Zarate-Gonzalez","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327663jcp1701_3","article-title":"A Theory of Regret Regulation 1.0","volume":"17","author":"Zeelenberg","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Consum. Psychol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Safety Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022437525000921?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022437525000921?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:16:35Z","timestamp":1777421795000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022437525000921"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":113,"alternative-id":["S0022437525000921"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4375"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4375","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"You can\u2019t have your cake and eat it too: the paradox of the American public supporting road safety but reluctant to pay the price \u2013 evidence from a discrete choice experiment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Safety Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsr.2025.06.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}