{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T14:31:43Z","timestamp":1783607503844,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000048","name":"American Cancer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000048","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofsurgicalresearch.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,17]],"date-time":"2021-04-17T16:44:04Z","timestamp":1618677844000},"page":"42-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Intraoperative Mapping of Parathyroid Glands Using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"265","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8480-9653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Marsden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamira Sridharan","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Marcu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2013.07.006","article-title":"Increases in thyroid nodule fine-needle aspirations, operations, and diagnoses of thyroid cancer in the United States","volume":"154","author":"Sosa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-003-6903-1","article-title":"Complications of thyroid surgery: analysis of a multicentric study on 14,934 patients operated on in Italy over 5 years","volume":"28","author":"Rosato","year":"2004","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(03)00009-4","article-title":"Prevention, evaluation, and management of complications following thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma","volume":"32","author":"Zarnegar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-3908","article-title":"Epidemiology and diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism","volume":"101","author":"Clarke","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lorente-Poch L, Sancho J.J, Ruiz S, Sitges-Serra A. Importance of in situ preservation of parathyroid glands during total thyroidectomy. Br J Surg. 2015. doi:10.1002\/bjs.9676","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.9676"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001688","article-title":"Is there a minimum number of thyroidectomies a surgeon should perform to optimize patient outcomes?","volume":"265","author":"Adam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67012","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3583571","article-title":"Near-infrared autofluorescence for the detection of parathyroid glands","volume":"16","author":"Paras","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biomed Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2013.06.046","article-title":"A novel optical approach to intraoperative detection of parathyroid glands","volume":"154","author":"McWade","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4574","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-2503","article-title":"Label-free intraoperative parathyroid localization with near-infrared autofluorescence imaging","volume":"99","author":"McWade","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2016.04.049","article-title":"Cutting edge in thyroid surgery: autofluorescence of parathyroid glands","volume":"223","author":"Falco","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2017.10.015","article-title":"Near-infrared autofluorescence image-guided parathyroid gland mapping in thyroidectomy","volume":"226","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas G, McWade M.A, Paras C, et\u00a0al. Developing a clinical prototype to guide surgeons for intraoperative label-free identification of parathyroid glands in real-time. Thyroid. 2018. doi:10.1089\/thy.2017.0716.","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2017.0716"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.6.000987","article-title":"Technique for real-time tissue characterization based on scanning multispectral fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy (ms-TRFS)","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weyers B.W, Marsden M, Sun T, et\u00a0al. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm) for intraoperative cancer delineation in transoral robotic surgery (TORS). Transl Biophotonics. 2019. doi:10.1002\/tbio.201900017.","DOI":"10.1002\/tbio.201900017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4869037","article-title":"Design and evaluation of a device for fast multispectral time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging","volume":"85","author":"Yankelevich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Sci Instrum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/57\/4\/843","article-title":"A novel method for fast and robust estimation of fluorescence decay dynamics using constrained least-squares deconvolution with Laguerre expansion","volume":"57","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2530621","article-title":"Real-time visualization of tissue surface biochemical features derived from fluorescence lifetime measurements","volume":"35","author":"Gorpas","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5166","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.398357","article-title":"FLImBrush: dynamic visualization of intraoperative free-hand fiber-based fluorescence lifetime imaging","volume":"11","author":"Marsden","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15003","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/aa983a","article-title":"Automated detection of breast cancer in resected specimens with fluorescence lifetime imaging","volume":"63","author":"Phipps","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys Med Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591","article-title":"An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples)","volume":"52","author":"Shapiro","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177730491","article-title":"On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other","author":"Mann","year":"1947","journal-title":"Ann Math Stat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","article-title":"Random forests","volume":"45","author":"Breiman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0023","series-title":"Neural Networks for Perception","first-page":"65","article-title":"Theory of the backpropagation neural network","author":"Hecht-Nielsen","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022627411411","article-title":"Support-vector networks","volume":"20","author":"Cortes","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9848","DOI":"10.1038\/srep09848","article-title":"Fluorescence lifetime imaging of endogenous biomarker of oxidative stress","volume":"5","author":"Datta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/0309-1740(87)90074-X","article-title":"Autofluorescence of adipose tissue measured with fibre optics","volume":"19","author":"Swatland","year":"1987","journal-title":"Meat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.11.013","article-title":"Multispectral imaging autofluorescence microscopy in colonic and gastric cancer metastatic lymph nodes","volume":"5","author":"Pantalone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.381358","article-title":"Real-time diagnosis and visualization of tumor margins in excised breast specimens using fluorescence lifetime imaging and machine learning","volume":"11","author":"Unger","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marsden M, Weyers B.W, Bec J, et\u00a0al. Intraoperative margin assessment in oral and oropharyngeal cancer using label-free fluorescence lifetime imaging and machine learning. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2020.","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2020.3010480"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim S.W, Lee H.S, Ahn Y.C, et\u00a0al. Near-infrared autofluorescence image-guided parathyroid gland mapping in thyroidectomy. J Am Coll Surg. 2017.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2017.10.015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3140","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5338-3","article-title":"Intraoperative near-infrared autofluorescence imaging of parathyroid glands","volume":"31","author":"Ladurner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9030830","article-title":"Intraoperative autofluorescence and indocyanine green angiography for the detection and preservation of parathyroid glands","volume":"9","author":"Demarchi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21037\/aot-19-58","article-title":"Autofluorescence imaging: a tool for intraoperative mapping of the parathyroid gland","volume":"5","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of Thyroid"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480421001669?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480421001669?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T14:53:39Z","timestamp":1758380019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022480421001669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0022480421001669"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4804","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Intraoperative Mapping of Parathyroid Glands Using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Surgical Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2021.03.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}