{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T03:12:06Z","timestamp":1791429126993,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,13]],"date-time":"2024-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720828800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":255,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofsurgicalresearch.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T10:25:46Z","timestamp":1689243946000},"page":"213-220","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Associations Between Psychiatric Diagnoses on Length of Stay and Mortality After Rib Fracture: A Retrospective Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"291","author":[{"given":"Sami K.","family":"Kishawi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avanti","family":"Badrinathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher W.","family":"Towe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6113-2555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vanessa P.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5707","article-title":"Concurrent diagnosis of anxiety increases postoperative length of stay among patients receiving esophagectomy for esophageal cancer","volume":"30","author":"Coffey","year":"2021","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.06.028","article-title":"Psychiatric disease in surgically treated colorectal cancer patients","volume":"223","author":"Ho","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.03.009","article-title":"Psychological factors and patient delay in patients with head and neck cancer","volume":"40","author":"Tromp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib4","first-page":"988","article-title":"Depression and anxiety as risk factors for morbidity and mortality after organ transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Amanda Dew","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000000824","article-title":"Psychiatric predictors of long-term transplant-related outcomes in lung transplant recipients","volume":"100","author":"Rosenberger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.suronc.2021.101533","article-title":"Comorbid depression in surgical cancer patients associated with non-routine discharge and readmission","volume":"37","author":"Jarvis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/tbj.12096","article-title":"Associations between mental health and surgical outcomes among women undergoing mastectomy for cancer","volume":"19","author":"Fox","year":"2013","journal-title":"Breast J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2017.09.029","article-title":"Disparities in operative outcomes in patients with comorbid mental illness","volume":"163","author":"Bailey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.15.00751","article-title":"Psychiatric illness is common among patients with orthopaedic polytrauma and is linked with poor outcomes","volume":"98","author":"Weinberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib10","first-page":"1337","article-title":"Screening for mental illness in a trauma center: rooting out a risk factor for unintentional injury","volume":"70","author":"Dicker","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000240460.35245.1a","article-title":"Mental illness as an independent risk factor for unintentional injury and injury recidivism","volume":"61","author":"Wan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib12","first-page":"470","article-title":"Prior trauma and psychiatric history as risk factors for intentional and unintentional injury in Australia","volume":"66","author":"O\u2019Donnell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.02.014","article-title":"The prevalence of psychiatric diagnoses and associated mortality in hospitalized US trauma patients","volume":"213","author":"Townsend","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481808401233","article-title":"Patients with psychiatric disorders require greater health-care resources after injury","volume":"84","author":"Warnack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001588","article-title":"Outcomes after traumatic injury in patients with preexisting psychiatric illness","volume":"83","author":"Falsgraf","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200009000-00017","article-title":"Patients with recognized psychiatric disorders in trauma surgery: incidence, inpatient length of stay, and cost","volume":"49","author":"Zatzick","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib17","first-page":"28","article-title":"Relation of length of stay and other hospital variables to posttraumatic stress disorder and depression after orthopedic trauma","volume":"34","author":"Shelley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2017.12.004","article-title":"Preexisting psychiatric illness worsens acute care outcomes after orthopaedic trauma in obese patients","volume":"49","author":"Vincent","year":"2018","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003378","article-title":"Long-term pulmonary function, thoracic pain, and quality of life in patients with one or more rib fractures","volume":"91","author":"Prins","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000002917","article-title":"Prospective study of short-term quality-of-life after traumatic rib fractures","volume":"90","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2021.11.026","article-title":"Prospective study of long-term quality-of-life after rib fractures","volume":"172","author":"Choi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-020-01470-6","article-title":"Long-term quality of life and functional outcome after rib fracture fixation","volume":"48","author":"Peek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.06.014","article-title":"Quality of life after major trauma with multiple rib fractures","volume":"46","author":"Marasco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib24","series-title":"Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.02.040","article-title":"Should rib fracture patients be treated at High acuity trauma hospitals?","volume":"266","author":"Ferre","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib27","series-title":"ICDPIC: Stata module to provide methods for translating International Classification of Diseases (Ninth Revision) diagnosis codes into standard injury categories and\/or scores","author":"Clark","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2020.09.033","article-title":"No difference in mortality between level I and level II trauma centers performing surgical stabilization of rib fracture","volume":"221","author":"Rockne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2021.02.013","article-title":"Heterogeneity in managing rib fractures across non-trauma and level I, II, and III trauma centers","volume":"222","author":"Choi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001648","article-title":"Quantifying and exploring the recent national increase in surgical stabilization of rib fractures","volume":"83","author":"Kane","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860310001613310","article-title":"Delayed discharge\u2014a solvable problem? The place of intermediate care in mental health care of older people","volume":"8","author":"Paton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.encep.2008.11.005","article-title":"Dur\u00e9es d\u2019hospitalisation des patients souffrant de schizophr\u00e9nie: implication des syst\u00e8mes de soin et cons\u00e9quences m\u00e9dico\u00e9conomiques","volume":"35","author":"Capdevielle","year":"2009","journal-title":"L\u2019Enc\u00e9phale"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-010-0310-3","article-title":"Length of stay of general psychiatric inpatients in the United States: systematic review","volume":"38","author":"Tulloch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adm Policy Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371506000405","article-title":"Characteristics and needs of psychiatric patients with prolonged hospital stay","volume":"60","author":"Afilalo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/jhq.12076","article-title":"Patient needs, required level of care, and reasons delaying hospital discharge for nonacute patients occupying acute hospital beds","volume":"39","author":"Afilalo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Healthc Qual"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.07.044","article-title":"The burden of excess length of stay in trauma patients","volume":"216","author":"Mathew","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-020-04483-7","article-title":"Risk of delayed discharge and reoperation of gastric bypass patients with psychiatric comorbidity\u2014a Nationwide cohort study","volume":"30","author":"Lagerros","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib38","first-page":"41","article-title":"Does illicit drug use influence inpatient adverse events, death, length of stay, and discharge after orthopaedic trauma?","volume":"25","author":"Babatunde","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Surg Orthop Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-018-0898-2","article-title":"Clinical predictors of delayed discharges in inpatient mental health settings across Ontario","volume":"46","author":"Little","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adm Policy Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-021-06260-3","article-title":"Differences in hospital length of stay and total hospital charge by income level in patients hospitalized for hip fractures","volume":"33","author":"Milto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2011.15","article-title":"Relationship between household income and mental disorders: findings from a population-based longitudinal study","volume":"68","author":"Sareen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2017.6133","article-title":"Associations of distance to trauma care, community income, and neighborhood median age with rates of injury mortality","volume":"153","author":"Jarman","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.1316","article-title":"Association between adherence to evidence-based practices for treatment of patients with traumatic rib fractures and mortality rates among US trauma centers","volume":"3","author":"Tignanelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1177\/00031348211047490","article-title":"Age as a barrier to surgical stabilization of rib fractures in patients with flail chest","volume":"89","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2021.06.048","article-title":"Are we underestimating the morbidity of single rib fractures?","volume":"268","author":"Kishawi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2011.01.004","article-title":"Risk factors that predict mortality in patients with blunt chest wall trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Battle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003538","article-title":"Race and trauma mortality: the effect of hospital-level black-white patient race distribution","volume":"92","author":"Kishawi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.143.10.945","article-title":"Race and insurance status as risk factors for trauma mortality","volume":"143","author":"Haider","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574415607360","article-title":"Racial differences in treatment approaches and mortality following arterial trauma","volume":"49","author":"Moreira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vasc Endovascular Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31826fc899","article-title":"Insurance-and race-related disparities decrease in elderly trauma patients","volume":"74","author":"Singer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.5498\/wjp.v4.i4.133","article-title":"Racial disparities in psychotic disorder diagnosis: a review of empirical literature","volume":"4","author":"Schwartz","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0702","article-title":"Ethnicity and diagnosis in patients with affective disorders","volume":"64","author":"Strakowski","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291703001363","article-title":"Are there racial differences in the way patients with psychotic disorders are treated at their first hospitalization?","volume":"34","author":"Sohler","year":"2004","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.respe.2019.05.007","article-title":"[Quality of the diagnoses\u2019 coding (main or associated diagnoses) in the medico-administrative database for psychiatric care (RIM-P) in 2015 and 2016, France]","volume":"67","author":"Richaud-Eyraud","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1027\/0227-5910\/a000499","article-title":"Suicidal behavior and non-suicidal self-injury in emergency departments underestimated by administrative claims data","volume":"39","author":"Stanley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crisis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002248042300224X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S002248042300224X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T15:03:58Z","timestamp":1758380638000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S002248042300224X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S002248042300224X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4804","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Associations Between Psychiatric Diagnoses on Length of Stay and Mortality After Rib Fracture: A Retrospective Analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Surgical Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}