{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:18:41Z","timestamp":1791566321344,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofsurgicalresearch.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,9]],"date-time":"2025-08-09T16:25:00Z","timestamp":1754756700000},"page":"291-297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Silence of the Brittle: The Role of Frailty in Pain Perception and Management in Geriatric Trauma Patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"314","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Al Ma'ani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Castillo Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Haris","family":"Khurshid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Hejazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Anand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey L.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Collin","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Kunac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis J.","family":"Magnotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2205-3061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bellal","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2014.296","article-title":"Superiority of frailty over age in predicting outcomes among geriatric trauma patients: a prospective analysis","volume":"149","author":"Joseph","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2023.110972","article-title":"Geriatric trauma, frailty, and ACS trauma center verification level: are there any correlations with outcomes?","volume":"55","author":"El-Qawaqzeh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2024.05.009","article-title":"Predicting the time of mortality among older adult trauma patients: is frailty the answer?","volume":"237","author":"Spencer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2024.07.095","article-title":"Failure to rescue in geriatric ground-level falls: the role of frailty on not-so-minor injuries","volume":"302","author":"Hejazi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2019.04.031","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of health-related quality of life in geriatric trauma patients","volume":"166","author":"Santino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003626","article-title":"Developing a national trauma research action plan: results from the geriatric research gap delphi survey","volume":"93","author":"Joseph","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-022-00471-7","article-title":"Perceptions and practices surrounding the perioperative management of frail emergency surgery patients: a WSES-endorsed cross-sectional qualitative survey","volume":"18","author":"Viswanath","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2014.03.020","article-title":"Validating trauma-specific frailty index for geriatric trauma patients: a prospective analysis","volume":"219","author":"Joseph","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-023-01169-8","article-title":"Investigating the effects of frailty on six-month outcomes in older trauma patients admitted to UK major trauma centres: a multi-centre follow up study","volume":"32","author":"Cole","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-024-00537-8","article-title":"The 2023 WSES guidelines on the management of trauma in elderly and frail patients","volume":"19","author":"De Simone","year":"2024","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.14423\/SMJ.0000000000000948","article-title":"Trauma providers' perceptions of frailty assessment: a mixed-methods analysis of knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs","volume":"112","author":"Shoultz","year":"2019","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1080\/10903127.2019.1632997","article-title":"Survival benefit of treatment at or transfer to a tertiary trauma center among injured older adults","volume":"24","author":"Garwe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prehosp Emerg Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.2448","article-title":"Association of trauma center designation with postdischarge survival among older adults with injuries","volume":"5","author":"Jarman","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avb.2020.101488","article-title":"Exposure to trauma, PTSD and persistent pain in older adults: a systematic review","volume":"57","author":"Maccarrone","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aggression Violent Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TA.0000042015.54022.BE","article-title":"Practice management guidelines for geriatric trauma: the EAST practice management guidelines work group","volume":"54","author":"Jacobs","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/58.1.M76","article-title":"Relationship between pain and opioid analgesics on the development of delirium following hip fracture","volume":"58","author":"Morrison","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2006.02.003","article-title":"Pain assessment in the nonverbal patient: position statement with clinical practice recommendations","volume":"7","author":"Herr","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain Manag Nurs"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480425004172?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480425004172?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T13:32:26Z","timestamp":1777123946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022480425004172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["S0022480425004172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4804","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Silence of the Brittle: The Role of Frailty in Pain Perception and Management in Geriatric Trauma Patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Surgical Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2025.06.079","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}