{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:54:05Z","timestamp":1791334445510,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofsurgicalresearch.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T12:40:15Z","timestamp":1787834415000},"page":"1010-1015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Surgical Education Visual Gaps: Anorectal Pathology Image Diversity in Colorectal Surgery Textbooks"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"326","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7917-4844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher","family":"Prien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeonjoo","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peace","family":"Deh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elie","family":"Sutton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib1","first-page":"294","article-title":"Racial disparity in inflammatory bowel disease-related complications: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"38","author":"Moazzami","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1517","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-6806-8","article-title":"Anal canal cancer: a population-based reappraisal","volume":"46","author":"Maggard","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dis Colon Rectum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.25712","article-title":"Does race impact survival for patients with anal squamous cell carcinoma?","volume":"120","author":"Fields","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1007\/s12029-020-00472-2","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic disparities in survival among women diagnosed with invasive cancer of the anal canal: an analysis of surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) data","volume":"52","author":"Stenzel","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib5","first-page":"281","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"19","author":"Borum","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3625","article-title":"Racial disparities in receipt of standard chemoradiation in anal squamous cell carcinoma, an analysis of the National Cancer Database","volume":"10","author":"Bian","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000744","article-title":"Racial disparities in time to treatment initiation and outcomes for early stage anal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"43","author":"Goksu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2018.02.023","article-title":"Representations of race and skin tone in medical textbook imagery","volume":"202","author":"Louie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2021.06.014","article-title":"Representation in figures depicting penile pathology in urologic textbooks","volume":"163","author":"Buford","year":"2022","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1007\/s40670-022-01636-4","article-title":"Skin color representation in ophthalmology textbooks","volume":"32","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med Sci Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib11","first-page":"88","article-title":"A picture of modern medicine: race and visual representation in medical literature","volume":"113","author":"Massie","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Natl Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib12","first-page":"795","article-title":"Skin tone representation in dermatology textbooks: approximating the gap","volume":"21","author":"Temiz","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2001.11.001","article-title":"Dermoscopy of pigmented skin lesions","volume":"52","author":"Braun","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1988.01670060015008","article-title":"The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through VI","volume":"124","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.05.023","article-title":"Self-reported pigmentary phenotypes and race are significant but incomplete predictors of Fitzpatrick skin phototype in an ethnically diverse population","volume":"71","author":"He","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2011.02.044","article-title":"Reliability and prevalence of digital image skin types in the United States: results from national health and nutrition examination survey 2003-2004","volume":"66","author":"Keiser","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.07.019","article-title":"Lack of racial diversity in surgery and pathology textbooks depicting diseases of the breast","volume":"291","author":"Trabilsy","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1007\/s10459-022-10196-6","article-title":"The impact of patient skin colour on diagnostic ability and confidence of medical students","volume":"28","author":"Dodd","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Health Sci Educ Theor Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib19","series-title":"Anorectal and Colon Diseases: Textbook and Color Atlas of Proctology","author":"Stein","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib20","series-title":"Practitioner's Guide to Common Ano-rectal Diseases","author":"Gupta","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib21","series-title":"Anorectal and Colonic Diseases: A Practical Guide to Their Management","author":"Givel","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib22","series-title":"Corman\u2019s Colon and Rectal Surgery","author":"Corman","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib23","series-title":"Benign Anorectal Disorders a Guide to Diagnosis and Management","author":"Chowdri","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib24","series-title":"Colon, Rectum and Anus: Anatomic, Physiologic and diagnostic Bases for Disease Management","author":"Ratto","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib25","series-title":"Anal Fissure: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Therapies","author":"Wienert","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib26","series-title":"Gordon and Nivatongs' Principles and Practice of Surgery for the Colon, Rectum, and Anus","author":"Beck","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib27","series-title":"Cleveland Clinic Illustrated Tips and Tricks in Colon and Rectal Surgery","author":"Steele","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib28","series-title":"Fundamentals of Anorectal Surgery","author":"Beck","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib29","series-title":"Colorectal Surgery","author":"Clark","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib30","series-title":"Clinical Decision Making in Colorectal Surgery","author":"Steele","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045_bib31","series-title":"The Ascrs Textbook of Colon and Rectal Surgery","author":"Steele","year":"2022"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480426004981?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480426004981?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:46:48Z","timestamp":1791334008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022480426004981"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S0022480426004981"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4804","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Surgical Education Visual Gaps: Anorectal Pathology Image Diversity in Colorectal Surgery Textbooks","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Surgical Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.045","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}