{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T01:50:09Z","timestamp":1791337809865,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,9,2]],"date-time":"2027-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1819843200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":336,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofsurgicalresearch.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:29:01Z","timestamp":1788344941000},"page":"1059-1067","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Is Definitive Closure Always Needed After Open-Window Thoracotomy for Post-Lung Resection Empyema?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"326","author":[{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Nagata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Go","family":"Kamimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Tokunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouichiro","family":"Morizono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuto","family":"Nonaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koki","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaya","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2017.01.030","article-title":"The American Association for Thoracic Surgery consensus guidelines for the management of empyema","volume":"153","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.82.4.447","article-title":"Empyema and bronchopleural fistula. Experience with open window thoracostomy","volume":"82","author":"Weissberg","year":"1982","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2000.106837","article-title":"Open window thoracostomy followed by intrathoracic flap transposition in the treatment of empyema complicating pulmonary resection","volume":"120","author":"Regnard","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib4","first-page":"401","article-title":"Preoperative hypoalbuminemia is a risk factor for late bronchopleural fistula after pneumonectomy","volume":"16","author":"Matsuoka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib5","article-title":"Negative-pressure wound therapy to treat thoracic empyema with COVID-19-related persistent air leaks: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Konagaya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/s13019-021-01566-z","article-title":"Short and long-term outcomes of surgical intervention for empyema in the post-fibrinolytic era","volume":"16","author":"Cain","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)65886-9","article-title":"Completion pneumonectomy: indications, complications, and results","volume":"46","author":"McGovern","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)34166-2","article-title":"Indications, risks, and results of completion pneumonectomy","volume":"105","author":"Gr\u00e9goire","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2013.04.014","article-title":"Completion pneumonectomy: outcomes for benign and malignant indications","volume":"95","author":"Puri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-4975(96)00596-6","article-title":"Pneumonectomy for chronic infection is a high risk procedure","volume":"62","author":"Massard","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2011.267286","article-title":"Intrathoracic application of a vacuum-assisted closure device in managing pleural space infection after lung resection: is it an option?","volume":"13","author":"Haghshenasskashani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480426005093?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480426005093?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:53:49Z","timestamp":1791334429000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022480426005093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["S0022480426005093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4804","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Is Definitive Closure Always Needed After Open-Window Thoracotomy for Post-Lung Resection Empyema?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Surgical Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2026.07.055","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}