{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:42:54Z","timestamp":1792226574854,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","journalofsurgicalresearch.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T07:59:52Z","timestamp":1792223992000},"page":"118-124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Implementing a Portable, Simulation-Based Trauma Curriculum for Rural Hospitals: Planning Pilot Year"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"328","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2509-9254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zackery","family":"Aldaher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cole","family":"Harp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordan","family":"Wilcox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Dunn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kendall","family":"Via","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shreya","family":"Gunji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Skadan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cara","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Zevallos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matt","family":"Lyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.J.","family":"Kleinheksel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika Simmerman","family":"Mabes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib1","unstructured":"Deaths by demographics: all leading causes of death. Available at: https:\/\/injuryfacts.nsc.org\/all-injuries\/deaths-by-demographics\/all-leading-causes-of-death\/?utm_source=google_search&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=injury_facts_gps&utm_content=if&gad_source=1&gad_campaignid=244859199&gbraid=0AAAAADvjPsGGcDQcBC_t8cfQlDn18zbdE&gclid=CjwKCAiAzOXMBhASEiwAe14SaQMYWz3DpVo-xlyUg-D497fynLhquxF7yGnruMZO-7tD8r2p0eiyOBoCGUEQAvD_BwE. Accessed October 15, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib2","unstructured":"Leading causes of death. Available at: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/fastats\/leading-causes-of-death.htm. Accessed October 15, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2015.08.013","article-title":"Mobile in situ simulation as a tool for evaluation and improvement of trauma treatment in the emergency department","volume":"73","author":"Amiel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.17161\/kjm.v10i1.8642","article-title":"Successes and challenges of optimal trauma care for rural family physicians in Kansas","volume":"10","author":"Berg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kans J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2017.10.042","article-title":"An in-situ simulation-based educational outreach project for pediatric trauma care in a rural trauma system","volume":"53","author":"Bayouth","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ienj.2020.100880","article-title":"Emergency trauma care in rural and remote settings: challenges and patient outcomes","volume":"51","author":"Morgan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Emerg Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1097\/JTN.0000000000000709","article-title":"Trauma team high-fidelity simulation training in a rural level III trauma center: an interprofessional experience","volume":"30","author":"Knapp","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Trauma Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib8","first-page":"81","article-title":"The Matthew effect in New Zealand rural hospital trauma and emergency care: why rural simulation-based education matters","volume":"131","author":"Marc","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2012.05.009","article-title":"ATLS adherence in the transfer of rural trauma patients to a level I facility","volume":"44","author":"McCrum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2014-003518","article-title":"Procedural instruction in invasive bedside procedures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effective teaching approaches","volume":"25","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Qual Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3109\/13561820.2015.1017555","article-title":"Impact of crisis resource management simulation-based training for interprofessional and interdisciplinary teams: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Fung","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Interprof Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2013.04.016","article-title":"Simulation technology for resuscitation training: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"84","author":"Mundell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Resuscitation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1757-7241-22-22","article-title":"Mapping the use of simulation in prehospital care \u2013 a literature review","volume":"22","author":"Abelsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2007.02.060","article-title":"Effect of a focused and directed continuing education program on prehospital skill maintenance in key resuscitation areas","volume":"33","author":"De Lorenzo","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib15","unstructured":"Adv Trauma Life Support. Available at: https:\/\/www.facs.org\/quality-programs\/trauma\/education\/advanced-trauma-life-support\/. Accessed October 15, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib16","unstructured":"Rural trauma team development course. Available at: https:\/\/www.facs.org\/quality-programs\/trauma\/education\/rural-trauma-team-development-course\/. Accessed October 15, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1177\/0036933015606587","article-title":"A national approach for the use of simulation to educate and train the NHS workforce: the First National Clinical Skills Strategy","volume":"60","author":"Ker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scott Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1071\/HC18071","article-title":"Development of a Rural Inter-professional Simulation Course: an initiative to improve trauma and emergency team management in New Zealand rural hospitals","volume":"11","author":"Gutenstein","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Prim Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib19","series-title":"Curriculum development for medical education: a six-step approach","author":"Thomas","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib20","unstructured":"Das S. Welcome to GCEP. Available at: https:\/\/www.gcep.org\/aboutus.php. Accessed October 15, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1007\/s40670-021-01270-6","article-title":"Some learning theories for medical educators","volume":"31","author":"Dong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2009.03498.x","article-title":"Cognitive load theory in health professional education: design principles and strategies","volume":"44","author":"Van Merri\u00ebnboer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4752(02)00016-6","article-title":"The promise of multimedia learning: using the same instructional design methods across different media","volume":"13","author":"Mayer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Learn Instr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e318238e069","article-title":"Theory and practice in the design and conduct of graduate medical education","volume":"87","author":"Hodges","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib26","first-page":"149","article-title":"Using classroom assessment and cogni- tive scaffolding to enhance the power of small-group learning","volume":"25","author":"Cooper","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Excell Coll Teach"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-200506000-00006","article-title":"Evaluating clinical simulations for learning procedural skills: a theory-based approach","volume":"80","author":"Kneebone","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib28","unstructured":"Kirkpatrick J., Kayser Kirkpatrick W. The kirkpatrick four levels: a fresh look after 50 years 1959 - 2009. Available at: https:\/\/openspaceconsulting.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Kirkpatrick-Four-Levels-wp-updated.pdf, 2009. Accessed October 15, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib29","author":"Qualtrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3102\/0034654320933544","article-title":"Simulation-based learning in higher education: a meta-analysis","volume":"90","author":"Chernikova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Educ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199606000-00002","article-title":"Attrition of cognitive and trauma management skills after the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) course","volume":"40","author":"Ali","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Trauma Inj Infect Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1097\/JTN.0000000000000176","article-title":"Effectiveness of the rural trauma team development course for educating nurses and other health care providers at rural community hospitals","volume":"23","author":"Zhu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Trauma Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1177\/000313481007600721","article-title":"Free and local continuing medical education does not guarantee surgeon participation in maintenance of certification learning activities","volume":"76","author":"Stafford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480426006001?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022480426006001?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T08:31:49Z","timestamp":1792225909000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022480426006001"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S0022480426006001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-4804"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-4804","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Implementing a Portable, Simulation-Based Trauma Curriculum for Rural Hospitals: Planning Pilot Year","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Surgical Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2026.09.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}