{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T11:53:58Z","timestamp":1792151638966,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Surgical Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T07:06:40Z","timestamp":1787814400000},"page":"104116","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Understanding Barriers to EPA Microassessment Completion Among Low-Assessment-Completion Surgical Faculty and Residents: A Two-Cohort Qualitative Study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8661-9442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phillip D.","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelby","family":"Willis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9558-9417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mackenzie R.","family":"Cook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farah","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3331-4810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie W.","family":"Doberne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1419-4737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruchi M.","family":"Thanawala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2005.02341.x","article-title":"Entrustability of professional activities and competency-based training","volume":"39","author":"Ten Cate","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2023.8107","article-title":"Entrustable professional activities in surgery: a review","volume":"159","author":"Montgomery","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000005991","article-title":"Implementation of entrustable professional activities in general surgery: results of a national pilot study","volume":"278","author":"Brasel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2025.103713","article-title":"Experience with EPAs during the year of progressive engagement","volume":"82","author":"Brasel","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2025.103708","article-title":"Not all EPAs are created equal: fixing sampling bias with utility modeling","volume":"82","author":"Jenkins","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2025.103737","article-title":"Profiling and predicting faculty assessment behavior in surgical education","volume":"82","author":"Patel","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2026.03.008","article-title":"Entrustment signal distortion: addressing specialty misalignment in entrustable professional activity assessment of residents","volume":"321","author":"Jenkins","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2024.03.006","article-title":"Faculty and resident perspectives on the implementation of entrustable professional activities in general surgery residency","volume":"81","author":"Williams-Karnesky","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2024.02.011","article-title":"A scoping review of the literature on entrustable professional activities in surgery residency programs","volume":"81","author":"Kitto","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2025.103630","article-title":"Comparing high and low faculty EPA assessment completers: insights to improve EPA implementation","volume":"82","author":"Murillo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2025.103752","article-title":"EPAs have entered the room: an analysis of residents\u2019 and faculty members\u2019 perceptions","volume":"83","author":"Kasmirski","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0012","series-title":"Vygotsky and Pedagogy","author":"Daniels","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-024-05707-5","article-title":"Mentoring as a complex adaptive system: a systematic scoping review of prevailing mentoring theories in medical education","volume":"24","author":"Teo","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000560","article-title":"The \u201ceducational alliance\u201d as a framework for reconceptualizing feedback in medical education","volume":"90","author":"Telio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0015","series-title":"Learning to Listen, Learning to Teach: the Power of Dialogue in Educating Adults","author":"Vella","year":"2002"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2307\/3003320","article-title":"Moral hazard and observability","volume":"10","author":"Holmstrom","year":"1979","journal-title":"Bell J Econ"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"A12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2024.06.015","article-title":"EHR-driven delivery of EPA assessments significantly improves participation","volume":"81","author":"Chang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690600500107","article-title":"Demonstrating rigor using thematic analysis: a hybrid approach of inductive and deductive coding and theme development","volume":"5","author":"Fereday","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Qual Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1007\/s11135-017-0574-8","article-title":"Saturation in qualitative research: exploring its conceptualization and operationalization","volume":"52","author":"Saunders","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual Quant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0021","series-title":"Naturalistic Inquiry","author":"Lincoln","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-015-0242-0","article-title":"Making sense of implementation theories, models, and frameworks","volume":"10","author":"Nilsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.4300\/JGME-D-12-00380.1","article-title":"Nuts and bolts of entrustable professional activities","volume":"5","author":"Ten Cate","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Grad Med Educ"},{"issue":"7653","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39517.686956.47","article-title":"Teaching procedural skills","volume":"336","author":"Grantcharov","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000000507","article-title":"Placing constraints on the use of the ACGME milestones: a commentary on the limitations of global performance ratings","volume":"90","author":"Williams","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s44186-026-00492-9","article-title":"A real-world evaluation of non-operative EPA assessment practice patterns","volume":"5","author":"Chang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Global Surg Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104015","article-title":"EHR-driven delivery of EPA assessments avoids cherry-picking bias","volume":"83","author":"Jenkins","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Surg Educ"}],"container-title":["Journal of Surgical Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1931720426002497?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1931720426002497?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T11:20:03Z","timestamp":1792149603000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1931720426002497"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1931720426002497"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116","relation":{},"ISSN":["1931-7204"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1931-7204","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Understanding Barriers to EPA Microassessment Completion Among Low-Assessment-Completion Surgical Faculty and Residents: A Two-Cohort Qualitative Study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Surgical Education","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsurg.2026.104116","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"104116"}}