{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T07:18:34Z","timestamp":1784099914215,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jsm.jsexmed.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A recent study investigated the role of testosterone (T) in chronic prostatitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP\/CPPS). However, only a small amount of data is available to date, and the results are inconsistent.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the relation between total T (TT) and CP\/CPPS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a propensity-matched study by identifying men with a TT level lower than 3.5 ng\/mL among 8,336 men in their 40s and 50s. A control group of men with a TT level of at least 3.5 ng\/mL matched for age, metabolic syndrome, and body mass index at a 5:1 ratio was selected for comparison. Using the same cohort and methods, another case group (TT &amp;lt; 3.0 ng\/mL) and control group (TT \u2265 3.0 ng\/mL) were selected. The National Institutes of Health\u2014Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was administered. A \u03c72 test, a t-test and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the relation between TT and prostatitis-like symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Association of TT with NIH-CPSI score.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After propensity score matching, 948 cases (TT &amp;lt; 3.5 ng\/mL) and 4,740 controls (TT \u2265 3.5 ng\/mL) were included. The ratio of mild and moderate to severe prostatitis-like symptoms was higher in the case group than in the control group (24.0% vs 27.4%, P = .001). The ratio of moderate to severe prostatitis-like symptoms also was higher in the case group than in the control group (6.2% vs 9.2%, P = .028). The pain domain of the NIH-CPSI, quality of life, and total NIH-CPSI scores also were higher in the case group. Ratios of severe lower urinary tract symptoms (12.6% vs 15.1%, P = .044) to maximal flow rate no higher than 10 mL\/sec (3.8% vs 5.3%, P = .044) and postvoid residual urine volume of at least 100 mL (4.0% vs 5.6%, P = .035), which suggest high pressure in the prostate urethra, were higher in the case group. After adjusting for voided volume during uroflowmetry and total prostate volume, the relations of a TT level lower than 3.5 ng\/mL to a maximal flow rate no higher than 10 mL\/sec (odds ratio = 1.402, 95% CI = 1.017\u20131.934, P = .039) and to a postvoid residual urine volume of at least 100 mL (odds ratio = 1.410, 95% CI = 1.031\u20131.927, P = .031) were maintained. Using the cutoff TT value of 3.0 ng\/mL, 437 cases (TT &amp;lt; 3.0 ng\/mL) and 2,185 controls (TT \u2265 3.0 ng\/mL) were included. The result of the 3.0-ng\/mL cutoff value for TT showed a higher incidence of prostatitis-like symptoms in the group with a TT level lower than 3.0 ng\/mL, but this was not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Low TT level (&amp;lt;3.5 ng\/mL) was significantly correlated with prostatitis-like symptoms in this study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.04.070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,25]],"date-time":"2016-05-25T09:14:12Z","timestamp":1464167652000},"page":"1047-1055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Testosterone and Chronic Prostatitis\/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jun Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 , Seoul, , Korea"},{"name":"National Police Hospital \u00a0 , Seoul, , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sung Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 , Seoul, , Korea"},{"name":"Samsung Medical Center \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 , Seoul, , Korea"},{"name":"Samsung Biomedical Research Institute \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 , Seoul, , Korea"},{"name":"Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 , Seoul, , Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024032602345126000_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.3.236","article-title":"NIH consensus definition and classification of 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