{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T17:34:39Z","timestamp":1788024879199,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]],"date-time":"2017-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]],"date-time":"2017-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jsm.jsexmed.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cornerstone of treating gender dysphoria for transgender women is gender reassignment surgery (GRS) encompassing vaginoplasty and clitoroplasty. The neoclitoris is harvested as a flap with a neurovascular pedicle from the proximal dorsal part of the glans penis. Few long-term follow-ups exist on postoperative sensation and patient-reported sexual functionality of the neoclitoris.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the sensitivity of the neoclitoris and its relation to orgasm and sexual function at least 1 year after GRS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-two patients were included, with a mean follow-up of 37 months (range\u00a0= 12\u201363) after initial surgery. Tactile and vibratory sensitivities were measured with Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments and\u00a0the Bio-Thesiometer vibratory measurement device, respectively. A questionnaire was provided to the\u00a0patients, as were interview questions about body image, orgasm, pain, and general satisfaction with the\u00a0surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tactile and vibratory sensitivities of the neoclitoris and questionnaire on satisfaction with orgasm, sexual function, and general satisfaction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The average tactile threshold for the clitoris was 12.5 g\/mm2 and the average vibratory threshold was 0.3 \u03bcm. Most participants (86%) experienced orgasm after surgery, had no or little pain, and were satisfied with the surgery. No statistical correlation was found between better or worse objective pressure and vibratory thresholds and patient answers to questions about the clitoris in the Body Image Scale for Transsexuals questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The neoclitoris derived from the glans penis in GRS provides long-term clitoral sensation that is erogenous. Overall, the vast majority of patients who undergo male-to female GRS experience orgasm and are satisfied with the surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.12.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,11]],"date-time":"2017-01-11T03:00:37Z","timestamp":1484103637000},"page":"269-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Long-Term Sensitivity and Patient-Reported Functionality of the Neoclitoris After Gender Reassignment Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hannes","family":"Sigurj\u00f3nsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska Institute \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"M\u00f6llermark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Rinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska Institute \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"Farnebo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska Institute \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. Kalle","family":"Lundgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska University Hospital \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Karolinska Institute \u00a0 , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib1","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5)","author":"American Psychiatric Association"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib2","article-title":"International classification of diseases, tenth revision","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2010.12.004","article-title":"Female sexual arousal: genital anatomy and orgasm in intercourse","volume":"59","author":"Wallen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Horm Behav"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib4","first-page":"654","article-title":"Creation of a functional clitoris and aesthetically pleasing introitus in sex conversion","volume-title":"Transactions of the Sixth International Congress of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery","author":"Brown","year":"1976"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01542040","article-title":"A\u00a0single stage operative technique for castration, vaginal construction and perineoplasty in transsexuals","volume":"7","author":"Wesser","year":"1978","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sap.0000238428.91834.be","article-title":"Genital sensitivity after sex reassignment surgery in transsexual patients","volume":"58","author":"Selvaggi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib7","first-page":"277","article-title":"[Construction of a neo-clitoris in male-to-female transsexuals]","volume":"22","author":"von Szalay","year":"1990","journal-title":"Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199204000-00015","article-title":"A\u00a0new method for clitoroplasty in male-to-female sex reassignment surgery","volume":"89","author":"Fang","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199304001-00023","article-title":"Construction of a neovagina with preservation of the glans penis as a clitoris in male transsexuals","volume":"91","author":"Eldh","year":"1993","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sex-reassignment surgery male-to-female. Review, own results and report of a new technique using the glans penis as a pseudoclitoris","volume":"154","author":"Rubin","year":"1993","journal-title":"Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib11","first-page":"200","article-title":"Formation of neoclitoris from glans penis by reduction glansplasty with preservation of neurovascular bundle in male-to-female gender surgery: functional and cosmetic outcome","volume":"161","author":"Rehman","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Urol"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199606000-00010","article-title":"Sensate pedicled neoclitoroplasty for male transsexuals: Amsterdam experience in the first 60 patients","volume":"36","author":"Hage","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1159\/000443281","article-title":"Modified preparation of the neurovascular bundle in male to female transgender patients","volume":"96","author":"Hess","year":"2016","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01544272","article-title":"A\u00a0body image scale for evaluating transsexuals","volume":"4","author":"Lindgren","year":"1975","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01542484","article-title":"Sex reassignment surgery: a study of 141 Dutch transsexuals","volume":"17","author":"Kuiper","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bodyim.2016.04.002","article-title":"A\u00a0network analysis of body satisfaction of people with gender dysphoria","volume":"17","author":"van de Grift","year":"2016","journal-title":"Body Image"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib17","first-page":"1778","article-title":"Body image in transmen: multidimensional measurement and the effects of mastectomy","volume":"13","author":"van de Grift","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sex Med"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-1130(12)80314-0","article-title":"Threshold detection and Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments","volume":"8","author":"Bell-Krotoski","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Ther"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.20053","article-title":"Technology literature review: quantitative sensory testing","volume":"29","author":"Chong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib20","first-page":"1499","article-title":"Outcome of vaginoplasty in male-to-female transgenders: a systematic review of surgical techniques","volume":"12","author":"Horbach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sex Med"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib21","first-page":"295","article-title":"Phallic reinnervation via the pudendal nerve","volume":"140","author":"Gilbert","year":"1988","journal-title":"J\u00a0Urol"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijir.3900907","article-title":"The neuropathy of erectile dysfunction","volume":"14","author":"Bleustein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Impot Res"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib23","first-page":"2266","article-title":"Quantitative somatosensory testing of the penis: optimizing the clinical neurological examination","volume":"169","author":"Bleustein","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Urol"},{"key":"2023011111045206500_bib24","first-page":"1741","article-title":"The assessment of sensory detection thresholds on the perineum and breast compared with control body sites","volume":"11","author":"Cordeau","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Sex Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Sexual Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609516308578?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609516308578?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/14\/2\/269\/48525228\/jsm_14_2_269.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/14\/2\/269\/48525228\/jsm_14_2_269.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,11]],"date-time":"2023-01-11T14:41:44Z","timestamp":1673448104000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article\/14\/2\/269\/6973345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.12.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-6109","1743-6095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-6109","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1743-6095","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Long-Term Sensitivity and Patient-Reported Functionality of the Neoclitoris After Gender Reassignment Surgery","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Sexual Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.12.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016, International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}