{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T05:00:42Z","timestamp":1788930042183,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538697600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538697600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jsm.jsexmed.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exploratory analysis of characteristics and reduction of risk factors for child sexual abuse (CSA) in a sample treated in the Prevention Projects Dunkelfeld Hannover and Regensburg.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate a treatment program aimed at reducing dynamic risk factors (DRF) for CSA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using a psychometric test battery based on self-report questionnaires, intergroup analysis between treatment group (TG, n = 35), treatment refusers (TR, n = 51), and drop-out group (DO, n = 14) was conducted with pretreatment data. Intragroup analysis compared data of TG from pre- and posttreatment. The test battery included sociodemographic and sociosexual data, as well as questionnaires measuring DRF.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Main Outcome Measure<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study investigated effects of treatment on pedophilic men who are at risk for offending and observed reductions in important risk factors for CSA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TG, TR (consisting of persons who were offered but refused therapy), and DO did not differ regarding sociodemographic and sociosexual variables before therapy. There were no significant differences in education, relationship status, living solitarily, and being a father\/stepfather. TR and DO lived farther away from treatment site than TG. In the TG, a reduction in offense-supportive attitudes, coping self-efficacy deficits, and child identification were revealed at second assessment. In TG no participants started the consumption of child abuse content during the course of the study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical Implications<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Future treatment concepts should focus on the reduction of empirically relevant risk factors for child sexual offending.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Strength &amp; Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The present article is the first that compares TG to TR and DO before assessment regarding DRF and sociosexual variables. Moreover, it is only the second study that investigated treatment effects on a population of pedophilic men who are at risk for offending. These preliminary findings are limited by moderate group size and a missing control group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A reduction in some but not all assessed risk factors for sexual offending against minors could be seen within the time frame of therapy. Findings are in line with results from a previous evaluation study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.09.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T23:01:06Z","timestamp":1538780466000},"page":"1629-1637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Reduction of Risk Factors for Pedophilic Sexual Offending"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jannis","family":"Engel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandy","family":"K\u00f6rner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petya","family":"Schuhmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Regensburg , Regensburg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tillmann H.C.","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2023012309284709200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/1077559511403920","article-title":"A global perspective on child sexual abuse: Meta-analysis of prevalence around the world","volume":"16","author":"Stoltenborgh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child Maltreat"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023012309284709200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2009.08.003","article-title":"The impact of child sexual abuse on health: A systematic review of reviews","volume":"29","author":"Maniglio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib3","article-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5th edition"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023012309284709200_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2015.1020108","article-title":"How common is men\u2019s self-reported sexual interest in prepubescent children?","volume":"53","author":"Dombert","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Sex Res"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1014795321404","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and treatment response to SSRI in a female pedophile","volume":"31","author":"Chow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023012309284709200_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-008-9399-9","article-title":"Pedophilia, hebephilia, and the DSM-V","volume":"38","author":"Blanchard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib7","volume-title":"The psychology of criminal conduct","author":"Andrews","year":"2006"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023012309284709200_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210366039","article-title":"Assessing risk for sexual recidivism: Some proposals on the nature of psychologically meaningful risk factors","volume":"22","author":"Mann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sex Abuse"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"f4630","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f4630","article-title":"Preventing sexual abusers of children from reoffending: Systematic review of medical and psychological interventions","volume":"347","author":"Langstrom","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023012309284709200_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/107906329700900204","article-title":"Evaluating treatment efficacy with sexual offenders: The insensitivity of recidivism studies to treatment effects","volume":"9","author":"Barbaree","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sex Abuse"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023012309284709200_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2009.04.002","article-title":"Encouraging self-identified pedophiles and hebephiles to seek professional help: First results of the Prevention Project Dunkelfeld (PPD)","volume":"33","author":"Beier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Child Abuse Negl"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12785","article-title":"The German Dunkelfeld Project: A pilot study to prevent child sexual abuse and the use of child abusive images","volume":"12","author":"Beier","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib13","article-title":"Berlin Institut fur Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualmedizin. BEDIT\u2014The Berlin Dissexuality Therapy Program","year":"2013"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023012309284709200_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1080\/10720162.2011.555709","article-title":"Reliability, validity, and psychometric development of the hypersexual behavior inventory in an outpatient sample of men","volume":"18","author":"Reid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sex Addict Compulsivity"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023012309284709200_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-009-9574-7","article-title":"Hypersexual disorder: A proposed diagnosis for DSM-V","volume":"39","author":"Kafka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"issue":"3\u20134","key":"2023012309284709200_bib16","first-page":"136","article-title":"A validation study of the German version of the Hypersexual Behavior Inventory (HBI)","volume":"64","author":"Klein","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/107906329600800105","article-title":"Assessing the cognitive distortions of child molesters and rapists: Development and validation of the MOLEST and RAPE scales","volume":"8","author":"Bumby","year":"1996","journal-title":"Sex Abuse"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1098723","article-title":"Einstellungen zu Kindesmissbrauch: Untersuchungen an Missbrauchs- und Gewaltt\u00e4tern mit der deutschen Version der Bumby Child Molest Scale","volume":"21","author":"Rambow","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Sexualforschung"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023012309284709200_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1177\/1079063210382043","article-title":"Predictors of child pornography offenses and child sexual abuse in a community sample of pedophiles and hebephiles","volume":"23","author":"Neutze","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sex Abuse"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023012309284709200_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199511)51:6<768::AID-JCLP2270510607>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Factor structure of the Barratt impulsiveness scale","volume":"51","author":"Patton","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023012309284709200_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-007-2360-7","article-title":"Psychometric evaluation of the German version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale","volume":"79","author":"Preuss","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023012309284709200_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1177\/107906329901100104","article-title":"Emotional congruence in sexual offenders against children","volume":"11","author":"Wilson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Sex Abuse"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib23","article-title":"Parametric measures of effect size","author":"Rosenthal","year":"1994"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib24","article-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023012309284709200_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1037\/a0037512","article-title":"A treatment by disorder meta-analysis of dropout from psychotherapy","volume":"24","author":"Swift","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Psychother Integr"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1177\/1524838012462244","article-title":"Attitudes supportive of sex offending predict recidivism: A meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Helmus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abus"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib27","article-title":"Predictors of sexual recidivism: An updated meta-Analysis","author":"Hanson","year":"2004"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib28","article-title":"Assessing the risk of sexual offenders on community supervision: The Dynamic Supervision Project","author":"Hanson","year":"2007"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"Evaluating and improving risk assessment schemes for sexual recidivism: A long-term follow-up of convicted sexual offenders","author":"Knight","DOI":"10.1037\/e605482007-001"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.84.2.191","article-title":"Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change","volume":"84","author":"Bandura","year":"1977","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"2023012309284709200_bib31","first-page":"51","article-title":"Understanding and managing compulsive sexual behaviors","volume":"3","author":"Fong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Psychiatr (Edgmont)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023012309284709200_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psc.2012.03.001","article-title":"Behavioral addictions: Where to draw the lines?","volume":"35","author":"Fong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin N Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023012309284709200_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23443","article-title":"Evidence for superior neurobiological and behavioral inhibitory control abilities in non-offending as compared to offending pedophiles","volume":"38","author":"K\u00e4rgel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Sexual Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609518311639?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609518311639?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/15\/11\/1629\/48587584\/jsm_15_11_1629.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/15\/11\/1629\/48587584\/jsm_15_11_1629.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T09:50:51Z","timestamp":1674467451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article\/15\/11\/1629\/6980343"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.09.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-6109","1743-6095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-6109","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1743-6095","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reduction of Risk Factors for Pedophilic Sexual Offending","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Sexual Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.09.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 International Society for Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}