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The association of hydrochlorothiazide\/amiloride is not associated with erectile dysfunction. The hypothesis is that amiloride has beneficial effect in penile erection and, therefore, counterbalances the hydrochlorothiazide-induced disruptive effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effects of amiloride and its analogues hexamethylamiloride and benzamil on rat isolated corpus cavernosa (CC) and intracavernous pressure (ICP) in anaesthetized rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rat isolated CC were incubated with amiloride, hexamethylamiloride, and benzamil (10 and 100 \u03bcmol\/L each), followed by phenylephrine, potassium chloride, and electrical field stimulation (EFS). Their effect on the relaxant responses to EFS and sodium nitroprusside were also determined. Oral (30 mg\/kg) and intraperitoneal (3 mg\/kg) treatments with amiloride were also investigated on nerve-evoked ICP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcome Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In\u00a0vitro functional studies and in\u00a0vivo ICP measurement on rat CC were performed. Additionally, phosphodiesterase type V isoform A1 activity and the mRNA expressions of Na+\/H+ pump, epithelial sodium channel exchangers (ENaC) channels (\u03b1-, \u03b2- and \u03b3 subunits) and Na+\/Ca2+ exchangers were evaluated in CC tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Amiloride and its analogues significantly reduced the phenylephrine-, potassium chloride\u2013, and EFS-induced CC contractions, which were not changed by nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (100 \u03bcmol\/L) or indomethacin (6 \u03bcmol\/L). In phenylephrine-precontracted CC tissues, amiloride itself caused concentration-dependent relaxation and significantly increased the EFS-induced relaxation. Oral and intraperitoneal treatment with amiloride significantly increased the ICP. Phosphodiesterase type V isoform A1 activity was not affected by amiloride. Na+\/H+ pump, ENaC, and Na+\/Ca2+ exchanger mRNA expressions were all detected in rat CC tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Implication<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Amiloride analogues may have therapeutic potential for erectile dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Strength &amp; Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The interesting effect of amiloride in penile erection was observed in both in\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo methods. The evidence at the moment is restricted to rat CC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Amiloride reduces in\u00a0vitro CC contractility and enhances erectile function after oral and intraperitoneal administration, possibly via inhibition of ENaC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2019.01.315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]],"date-time":"2019-03-01T20:29:12Z","timestamp":1551472152000},"page":"500-511","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Amiloride Relaxes Rat Corpus Cavernosum Relaxation In\u00a0Vitro and Increases Intracavernous Pressure In\u00a0Vivo"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Rafael","family":"Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences 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