{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T19:05:47Z","timestamp":1780513547334,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611964800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jsm.jsexmed.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the effects of androgens on muscle are well described in hypogonadal men, literature is still scarce on muscular strength or size variations in transmen; in this population there are no data regarding the relative effect of testosterone (T) and its metabolite dihydrotestosterone on muscle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our primary objective was to compare the effects on muscle strength of 54-week administration of testosterone undecanoate (TU) combined with the 5\u03b1-reductase inhibitor dutasteride (DT) or placebo (PL). Secondary outcomes included evaluation of body composition, bone, cutaneous androgenic effects, and metabolic variations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this randomized, double-blind PL-controlled pilot trial, 16 ovariectomized transmen were randomized to receive TU 1,000 mg IM at week 0, 6, 18, 30, 42 plus a PL pill orally daily (TU + PL, n = 7) or plus DT 5 mg\/d (TU + DT, n = 7).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title><jats:p>At week 0 and 54 the following parameters were evaluated: isokinetic knee extension and flexion peak torque and handgrip strength, body composition, and bone mineral density, biochemical, hematological, and hormonal parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Handgrip and lower limb strength increased significantly in both groups with no differences between the 2 groups. Fat mass decreased and lean mass increased significantly similarly in both groups. Metabolic parameters remained stable in the 2 groups except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol that was reduced in both groups. Hepatic and renal function remained normal in both groups and no major adverse effects were registered in either group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Implications<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results may be particularly relevant for transmen experiencing cutaneous androgenic adverse events such as acne and androgenetic alopecia and in light of the development of non-5\u03b1-reduced androgens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Strengths &amp; Limitations<\/jats:title><jats:p>The strength of this study was the randomized, double-blind PL-controlled design, while the small number of subjects was definitely the biggest limitation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>For the first time we demonstrated that the addition of DT does not impair the anabolic effects of T on muscles in transmen previously exposed to T, supporting the hypothesis that the conversion in dihydrotestosterone is not essential for this role.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2020.12.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,30]],"date-time":"2021-01-30T13:47:22Z","timestamp":1612014442000},"page":"646-655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial on the Effects of Testosterone Undecanoate Plus Dutasteride or Placebo on Muscle Strength, Body Composition, and Metabolic Profile in Transmen"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Giulia","family":"Gava","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna"},{"name":"Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Armillotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consultori Familiari della Romagna, AUSL della Romagna , Ravenna , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Pillastrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Giagio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Alvisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna"},{"name":"Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Mancini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna"},{"name":"Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo Giovanni","family":"Morselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Department, S. 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