{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T02:37:34Z","timestamp":1783996654627,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jsm.jsexmed.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The limitations of metoidioplasty and phalloplasty have been reported as deterrents for transgender and other gender expansive individuals (T\/GE) desiring gender affirming surgery, and thus penile transplantation, epithesis, and composite tissue engineering (CTE) are being explored as alternative interventions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>AIM<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We aim to understand the acceptability of novel techniques and factors that may influence patient preferences in surgery to best treat this diverse population.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Descriptions of metoidioplasty, phalloplasty, epithesis, CTE, and penile transplant were delivered via online survey from January 2020 to May 2020. Respondents provided ordinal ranking of interest in each intervention from 1 to 5, with 1 representing greatest personal interest. Demographics found to be significant on univariable analysis underwent multivariable ordinal logistic regression to determine independent predictors of interest.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OUTCOMES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sexual orientation, gender, and age were independent predictors of interest in interventions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were 965 qualifying respondents. Gay respondents were less likely to be interested in epithesis (OR: 2.282; P = .001) compared to other sexual orientations. Straight individuals were the least likely to be interested in metoidioplasty (OR 3.251; P = .001), and most interested in penile transplantation (OR 0.382; P = .005) and phalloplasty (OR 0.288, P &amp;lt; .001) as potential interventions. Gay and queer respondents showed a significant interest in phalloplasty (Gay: OR 0.472; P = .004; Queer: OR 0.594; P = .017). Those who identify as men were more interested in phalloplasty (OR 0.552; P &amp;lt; .001) than those with differing gender identities. Older age was the only variable associated with a decreased interest in phalloplasty (OR 1.033; P = .001). No demographic analyzed was an independent predictor of interest in CTE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A thorough understanding of patient gender identity, sexual orientation, and sexual behavior should be obtained during consultation for gender affirming penile reconstruction, as these factors influence patient preferences for surgical interventions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study used an anonymous online survey that was distributed through community channels and allowed for the collection of a high quantity of responses throughout the T\/GE population that would otherwise be impossible through single-center or in-person means. The community-based methodology minimized barriers to honesty, such as courtesy bias. The survey was only available in English and respondents skewed young and White.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Despite previously reported concerns about the limitations of metoidioplasty, participants ranked it highly, along with CTE, in terms of personal interest, with sexual orientation, gender, and age independently influencing patient preferences, emphasizing their relevance in patient-surgeon consultations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2021.10.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]],"date-time":"2021-12-15T09:20:42Z","timestamp":1639560042000},"page":"385-393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["\u201cPostulating Penis: What Influences the Interest of Transmasculine Patients in Gender Affirming Penile Reconstruction Techniques?\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Augustus","family":"Parker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health Systems , New York, NY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaines","family":"Blasdel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, New York University Langone Health , New York, NY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Kloer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Health Systems , Durham, NC , USA"},{"name":"Hansj\u00f6rg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Health , New York, NY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Kimberly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hansj\u00f6rg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Health , New York, NY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabeel","family":"Shakir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, New York University Langone Health , New York, NY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hansj\u00f6rg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Health , New York, NY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Bluebond-Langner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hansj\u00f6rg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University Langone Health , New York, NY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee C.","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, New York University Langone Health , New York, NY , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199304000-00006","article-title":"Phalloplasty in female-to-male transsexuals: What do our patients ask for?","author":"Hage","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2019.0038","article-title":"Piloting a Genital Affirmation Surgical Priorities Scale for Trans Masculine Patients","author":"Ganor","year":"2019"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3978\/j.issn.2223-4683.2014.04.10","article-title":"Overall satisfaction, sexual function, and the durability of neophallus dimensions following staged female to male genital gender confirming surgery: The Institute of Urology, London U.K. experience","author":"Garcia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sxmr.2018.06.004","article-title":"Masculinizing genital gender confirmation surgery","author":"Hadj-Moussa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Med Rev"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2017.04.005","article-title":"Patients\u2019 priorities regarding female-to-male gender affirmation surgery of the genitalia\u2014a pilot study of 47 patients in Sweden","author":"Jacobsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006601","article-title":"Barriers to bottom surgery for transgender men","author":"Nolan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2019.06.12","article-title":"Metoidioplasty: Techniques and outcomes","author":"Djordjevic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2021.01.183","article-title":"Surgical outcomes following gender affirming penile reconstruction: patient-reported outcomes from a multi-center, international survey of 129 transmasculine patients","author":"Robinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001131","article-title":"A systematic review of metoidioplasty and radial forearm flap phalloplasty in female-to-male transgender genital reconstruction: Is the \u201cideal\u201d neophallus an achievable goal?","author":"Frey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg - Glob Open"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2011.46","article-title":"Gender reassignment surgery: An overview","author":"Selvaggi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2017.10.064","article-title":"A longitudinal study of motivations before and psychosexual outcomes after genital gender-confirming surgery in transmen","author":"van de Grift","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10508-005-7926-5","article-title":"Sexual and physical health after sex reassignment surgery","author":"De Cuypere","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6754030","article-title":"En bloc surgical dissection for penile transplantation for trans-men: a cadaveric study","author":"Selvaggi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-51794-6","article-title":"Complete human penile scaffold for composite tissue engineering: organ decellularization and characterization","author":"Tan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181ef8196","article-title":"Penile epithesis: preliminary study","author":"Selvaggi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/2000656X.2014.927362","article-title":"Titanium-bone-anchored penile epithesis: Preoperative planning and immediate postoperative results","author":"Selvaggi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Plast Surg Hand Surg"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2021.01.026","article-title":"Infrapubic insertion of penile implants in transmen after phalloplasty","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199209000-00030","article-title":"Silicone genital prosthesis for femaleto-male transsexuals","author":"Hage","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","first-page":"255","article-title":"2015 U.S. Transgender Survey","author":"James","year":"2016","journal-title":"Natl Cent Healthc Equal"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","volume-title":"LGBTQ People in the US: Select Findings from the Generations and TransPop Studies; 2021","author":"Meyer"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.13033","article-title":"Partial treatment requests and underlying motives of applicants for gender affirming interventions","author":"Beek","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00131640021970871","article-title":"Type I error rate comparisons of post hoc procedures for I \u00d7 J chi-square tables","author":"MacDonald","year":"2000","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","first-page":"588","article-title":"Brief questions to identify patients with inadequate health literacy","volume":"36","author":"Chew","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fam Med"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001352","article-title":"The Ethics of penile transplantation: preliminary recommendations","author":"Caplan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33590\/emjurol\/19-00198","article-title":"Penile reconstruction: current thoughts, techniques, and outcomes","author":"Brazio","year":"2020","journal-title":"EMJ Urol"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23017","article-title":"Anatomy of the pedicled anterolateral thigh flap for phalloplasty in transitioning-males","author":"Terrell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Anat"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000007499","article-title":"The affordable care act and its impact on plastic and gender-affirmation surgery","author":"Wiegmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2016.0099","article-title":"Coverage for gender-affirming care: Making health insurance work for transgender Americans","author":"Padula","year":"2017","journal-title":"LGBT Heal."},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7196\/SAMJ.9602","article-title":"World\u2019s first successful penis transplant at tygerberg hospital","author":"Bateman","year":"2015","journal-title":"South African Med J"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sxmr.2019.10.002","article-title":"The prevalence and treatment of erectile dysfunction in male solid organ transplant recipients","author":"Payne","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Med Rev"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.04.644","article-title":"Development of a decision aid for genital gender-affirming surgery in transmen","author":"\u00d6zer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01541578","article-title":"Surgical sex reassignment: a comparative survey of international centers","author":"Petersen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Sex Behav"},{"key":"2023041407173456200_","volume-title":"Identity, stress, and health of LGBTQ people in the US","author":"UCLA School of Law: Williams Institute"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Sexual Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609521007530?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609521007530?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/19\/2\/385\/49877486\/jsm_19_2_385.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/19\/2\/385\/49877486\/jsm_19_2_385.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,14]],"date-time":"2023-04-14T07:54:30Z","timestamp":1681458870000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article\/19\/2\/385\/6961237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsxm.2021.10.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-6109","1743-6095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-6109","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1743-6095","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"\u201cPostulating Penis: What Influences the Interest of Transmasculine Patients in Gender Affirming Penile Reconstruction Techniques?\u201d","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Sexual Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsxm.2021.10.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2021, International Society of Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}