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Study participants underwent gynecological examination for anatomical measurements and evaluation of tactile sensitivity. They responded to the validated Sexual Activity Log (SAL), Profile of Female Sexual Function (PFSF), and the Personal Distress Scale (PDS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The women with CAIS, XY GD, XX GD and POI showed overall satisfying sexual function in comparison to unaffected age-matched population female controls with a median of 1 to 2 satisfying sexual episodes per week among both the patients and the controls depending on available partner. Women with CAIS had shorter vagina and smaller clitoris and women with XY GD had a significantly shallower vagina in comparison to controls. Clitoral width was also significantly smaller among women with XX GD compared to controls. However, results showed overall good genital touch sensitivity with no significant differences between groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with DSD or POI can be informed on overall satisfactory sexual function and normal genital touch sensitivity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Strengths &amp; Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The strength is the use of age-matched population-based controls to these rare conditions of DSD and POI. Limitations are the nonresponder rate of recruited controls, as well as the small groups of women with DSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with differences of sex development or early loss of gonadal function show overall good sexual well-being, however clinicians have to make efforts to optimize caretaking and treatment to ensure good sexual quality of life for all patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2021.11.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:43:42Z","timestamp":1639010622000},"page":"249-256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Sexual Function in Women with Differences of Sex Development or Premature Loss of Gonadal Function"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Hedvig","family":"Engberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Medical unit of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Strandqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Medical unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, Astrid Lindgren Children\u2019s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agneta","family":"Nordenskj\u00f6ld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Pediatric Surgery, Astrid Lindgren Children\u2019s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Nordenstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Medical unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, Astrid Lindgren Children\u2019s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Fris\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Research Center , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelica Lind\u00e9n","family":"Hirschberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden"},{"name":"Medical unit of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital , Stockholm , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023072610144410000_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2016.08.011","article-title":"Sexual satisfaction and the importance of sexual health to quality of life throughout the life course of U.S. adults","author":"Flynn","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023072610144410000_bib0002","article-title":"Defining sexual health. 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