{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T19:04:31Z","timestamp":1786993471939,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jsm.jsexmed.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite high rates of online misinformation, transgender and gender diverse (TGD) patients frequently utilize online resources to identify suitable providers of gender-affirming surgical care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of this study was to analyze the webpages of United States academic plastic surgery programs for the types of gender-affirming surgery (GAS) procedures offered and to determine how this correlates with the presence of an institutional transgender health program and geographic region in order to identify potential gaps for improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Online institutional webpages of 82 accredited academic plastic surgery programs were analyzed for the presence of the following: GAS services, specification of type of GAS by facial, chest, body and genital surgery, and presence of a concomitant institutional transgender health program. This data was analyzed for correlations with geographic region and assessed for any significant associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Frequencies of GAS services, specification of the type of GAS by facial, chest, body and genital surgery, presence of a concomitant institutional transgender health program, and statistical correlations between these items are the primary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, 43 of 82 (52%) academic institutions offered GAS. Whether an institution offered GAS varied significantly with the presence of an institutional transgender health program (P &amp;lt; .001) but not with geographic region (P = .329). Whether institutions that offer GAS specified which anatomic category of GAS procedures were offered varied significantly with the presence of an institutional transgender health program (P &amp;lt; .001) but not with geographic region (P = .235).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical Implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This identifies gaps for improved transparency in the practice of communication around GAS for both physicians and academic medical institutions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Strengths &amp; Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is the first study analyzing the quality, content, and accessibility of online information pertaining to GAS in academic institutions. The primary limitation of this study is the nature and accuracy of online information, as current data may be outdated and not reflect actuality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on our analysis of online information, many gaps currently exist in information pertaining to GAS in academic settings, and with a clear and expanding need, increased representation and online availability of information regarding all GAS procedure types, as well as coordination with comprehensive transgender healthcare programs, is ideal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2022.02.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T16:54:20Z","timestamp":1647017660000},"page":"846-851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comprehensiveness of Online Information in Gender-Affirming Surgery: Current Trends and Future Directions in Academic Plastic Surgery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Zain","family":"Aryanpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine T.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conrad K.","family":"Blunck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasey M.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Kovac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivani","family":"Ananthasekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine , Birmingham, AL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Blair R.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University , Portland, OR , USA"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Oregon Health Sciences University , Portland, OR , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2017.6231","article-title":"Temporal trends in gender-affirming surgery among transgender patients in the United States","volume":"153","author":"Canner","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1738","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001738","article-title":"Trends in gender-affirming surgery in insured patients in the United States","volume":"6","author":"Lane","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002559","article-title":"Educational exposure to transgender patient care in plastic surgery training","volume":"138","author":"Morrison","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1066","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2017.05.017","article-title":"Are surgical residents prepared for fellowship training in gender-confirming surgery?","volume":"14","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006426","article-title":"The current state of gender-affirming surgery training in plastic surgery residency programs as reported by residency program directors","volume":"145","author":"Magoon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000003371","article-title":"The perioperative care of the transgender patient","volume":"127","author":"Tollinche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2019.04.09","article-title":"Demographic and temporal trends in transgender identities and gender confirming surgery","volume":"8","author":"Nolan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.4158\/EP161727.OR","article-title":"Prevalence and types of gender-affirming surgery among a sample of transgender endocrinology patients prior to state expansion of insurance coverage","volume":"23","author":"Kailas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocr Pract"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2016.12.17","article-title":"Emerging trends in social media and plastic surgery","volume":"4","author":"Gould","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0202389","article-title":"We don\u2019t treat your kind\": assessing HIV health needs holistically among transgender people in Jackson, Mississippi","volume":"13","author":"Perez-Brumer","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2017.0011","article-title":"Understanding online resource use by transgender youth and caregivers: a qualitative study","volume":"2","author":"Evans","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transgend Health"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-02398-1","article-title":"Gender-affirming surgical techniques, complications, and imaging considerations for the abdominal radiologist","volume":"45","author":"Stowell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom Radiol (NY)"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-017-0295-8","article-title":"Barriers to gender-affirming care for transgender and gender nonconforming individuals","volume":"15","author":"Puckett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sex Res Social Policy"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1499","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12868","article-title":"Outcome of vaginoplasty in male-to-female transgenders: a systematic review of surgical techniques","volume":"12","author":"Horbach","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sxmr.2018.06.004","article-title":"Masculinizing genital gender confirmation surgery","volume":"7","author":"Hadj-Moussa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Med Rev"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1177\/2292550318767437","article-title":"Gender-affirming surgery for transgender individuals: perceived satisfaction and barriers to care","volume":"26","author":"El-Hadi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plast Surg (Oakv)"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-020-01883-z","article-title":"Barriers to finding a gender affirming surgeon","volume":"44","author":"Cohen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005113","article-title":"Assessing quality of life and patient-reported satisfaction with masculinizing top surgery: a mixed-methods descriptive survey study","volume":"143","author":"Poudrier","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2018.03.085","article-title":"Does depth matter? Factors affecting choice of vulvoplasty over vaginoplasty as gender-affirming genital surgery for transgender women","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjx004","article-title":"Report on mortality from gluteal fat grafting: recommendations from the ASERF Task Force","volume":"37","author":"Mofid","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2018.03.015","article-title":"Breast and body contouring for transgender and gender nonconforming individuals","volume":"45","author":"Morrison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857e","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005453","article-title":"Current concepts in masculinizing gender surgery","volume":"143","author":"Safa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijwd.2018.08.008","article-title":"Medical dermatologic conditions in transgender women","volume":"4","author":"Mundluru","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Womens Dermatol"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"NP202","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjz262","article-title":"Gender surgery beyond chest and genitals: current insurance landscape","volume":"40","author":"Ngaage","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.21037\/tau.2019.05.05","article-title":"Phalloplasty: techniques and outcomes","volume":"8","author":"Heston","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl Androl Urol"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.118606","article-title":"Phalloplasty: the dream and the reality","volume":"46","author":"Rashid","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002598","article-title":"Revision vaginoplasty: a comparison of surgical outcomes of laparoscopic intestinal vs perineal full-thickness skin graft vaginoplasty","volume":"138","author":"Van der Sluis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2021.01.183","article-title":"Surgical outcomes following gender affirming penile reconstruction: patient-reported outcomes from a multi-center, international survey of 129 transmasculine patients","volume":"18","author":"Robinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.6610","article-title":"Lost in transition: addressing the absence of quality surgical outcomes data in gender-affirming surgeries","volume":"14","author":"MacKinnon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.717914","article-title":"Centralized and decentralized delivery of transgender health care services: a systematic review and a global expert survey in 39 countries","volume":"12","author":"Koehler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000003703","article-title":"Meeting the patient care, education, and research missions: academic medical centers must comprehensively address sexual and gender minority health","volume":"96","author":"Streed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000001684","article-title":"Origins of gender affirmation surgery: the history of the first gender identity clinic in the United States at Johns Hopkins","volume":"83","author":"Siotos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","first-page":"407","article-title":"Health information on the Internet: gold mine or minefield?","volume":"60","author":"Tonsaker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e41","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.8793","article-title":"Health information technology continues to show positive effect on medical outcomes: systematic review","volume":"20","author":"Kruse","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1089\/fpsam.2020.0226","article-title":"National Variation of Insurance Coverage for Gender-Affirming Facial Feminization Surgery","volume":"23","author":"Gadkaree","year":"2021","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006012","article-title":"Health insurance coverage of gender-affirming top surgery in the United States","volume":"144","author":"Ngaage","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"2023041407194400500_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000006591","article-title":"A review of insurance coverage of gender-affirming genital surgery","volume":"145","author":"Ngaage","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Sexual Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609522005902?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1743609522005902?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/19\/5\/846\/49878018\/jsm_19_5_846.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article-pdf\/19\/5\/846\/49878018\/jsm_19_5_846.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T14:04:42Z","timestamp":1700316282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jsm\/article\/19\/5\/846\/6961376"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsxm.2022.02.014","relation":{},"ISSN":["1743-6109","1743-6095"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1743-6109","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1743-6095","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comprehensiveness of Online Information in Gender-Affirming Surgery: Current Trends and Future Directions in Academic Plastic Surgery","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Sexual Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsxm.2022.02.014","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2022, International Society of Sexual Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}