{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T19:42:41Z","timestamp":1790797361194,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Theoretical Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T07:19:38Z","timestamp":1599203978000},"page":"110460","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Theoretical modeling of the resistance to gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux due to pyloric motility alone, presuming antral and duodenal quiescence"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"508","author":[{"given":"Ravi Kant","family":"Avvari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0005","first-page":"249","article-title":"Steady flow of a power law fluid through a tapered non-symmetric stenotic tube","volume":"4","author":"Ahmad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Nonlinear Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0010","series-title":"Bio-mechanics of the distal stomach and duodenum: An insight into mechanisms of duodenogastric reflux and duodenal mixing: 48th Graduating Students Convocation","author":"Avvari","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10409-018-0809-5","article-title":"Effect of local longitudinal shortening on the transport of luminal contents through small intestine","volume":"35","author":"Avvari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Mech. Sin."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0020","series-title":"Management of Digestive Disorders","article-title":"Biomechanics of the Small Intestinal Contractions","author":"Avvari","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0025","first-page":"1","article-title":"Managing Motility Disorders of the Antro-Pyloro-Duodenal Segment: A Biomedical Engineering Perspective","volume":"1","author":"Avvari","year":"2019","journal-title":"United J. Biochem. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3839-x","article-title":"Dumping Syndrome: A Review of the Current Concepts of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment","volume":"61","author":"Berg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(83)80232-7","article-title":"Regulation of the gastric emptying of glucose","volume":"85","author":"Brener","year":"1983","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0038-z","volume":"4","author":"Camilleri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroparesis. Nature reviews Disease primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02239239","article-title":"Motor action of the canine gastroduodenal junction: a cineradiographic, pressure, and electric study","volume":"11","author":"Carlson","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am. J. Dig. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0050","first-page":"13","article-title":"Pyloric and duodenal motor contributions to duodenogastric reflux","volume":"92","author":"Code","year":"1984","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.6.615","article-title":"Role of the proximal and distal stomach in mixed solid and liquid meal emptying","volume":"32","author":"Collins","year":"1991","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i9.1365","article-title":"Mechanics of flow and mixing at antroduodenal junction","volume":"13","author":"Dillard","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0065","first-page":"G650","article-title":"Motility of the pyloric sphincter studied by the inductograph method in conscious dogs","volume":"254","author":"Ehrlein","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01295810","article-title":"Timing of pyloric closure in man. Studies with impedance electrodes","volume":"28","author":"Eyre-Brook","year":"1983","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(73)80092-7","article-title":"Physiological characteristics of the human pyloric sphincter","volume":"64","author":"Fisher","year":"1973","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0080","article-title":"The mechanism of reflux suppression by alginates visualized by magnetic resonance imaging and manometry","author":"Fox","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Week"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0085","article-title":"Predicting the viscosity of digesta from the physical characteristics of particle suspensions using existing rheological models","author":"Hardacre","year":"201815","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91717-I","article-title":"Antroduodenal motility and movements of luminal contents studied by duplex sonography","volume":"102","author":"Hausken","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-8266(01)00134-3","article-title":"Quantification of gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux stroke volumes using three-dimensional guided digital color Doppler imaging","volume":"13","author":"Hausken","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur. J. Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0100","first-page":"G490","article-title":"Topography and measurement of pyloric pressure waves and tone in humans","volume":"255","author":"Heddle","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-3528(91)90034-X","article-title":"Disordered gastric emptying: mechanical basis, assessment and treatment","volume":"5","author":"Horowitz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Bailliere's Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(88)90665-8","article-title":"Relationship of the motor activity of the antrum, pylorus, and duodenum to gastric emptying of a solid-liquid mixed meal","volume":"94","author":"Houghton","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G604","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2000.278.4.G604","article-title":"Relative contributions of \u201cpressure pump\u201d and \u201cperistaltic pump\u201d to gastric emptying","volume":"278","author":"Indireshkumar","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20190266","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2019.0266","article-title":"Quantification of gastric emptying caused by impaired coordination of pyloric closure with antral contraction: a simulation study","volume":"16","author":"Ishida","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kamaltdinov M., Trusov P., Zaitseva N., 2018. A multiphase flow in the antroduodenum: some results of the mathematical modelling and computational simulation. MATEC Web of Conferences 2018;145.","DOI":"10.1051\/matecconf\/201814504002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1984.sp002868","article-title":"Mechanical factors regulating gastric emptying of viscous nutrient meals in dogs","volume":"69","author":"Keinke","year":"1984","journal-title":"Quart. J. Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01347887","article-title":"Coordinated motor activity of the human gastroduodenal region","volume":"30","author":"King","year":"1985","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112093000710","article-title":"Non-steady peristaltic transport in finite-length tubes","volume":"248","author":"Li","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Fluid Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-7697(06)73717-6","volume":"143","author":"Mabrut","year":"2006","journal-title":"Baulieux J. J. de Chirurgie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2012.12.015","article-title":"Non-Newtonian characteristics of peristaltic flow of blood in micro-vessels","volume":"18","author":"Maiti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1227","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.2001.280.6.G1227","article-title":"Effect of meal viscosity and nutrients on satiety, intragastric dilution, and emptying assessed by MRI","volume":"280","author":"Marciani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E27","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0783-2170","article-title":"Gastric Emptying of Low- and High-Caloric Liquid Meals Measured Using Ultrasonography in Healthy Volunteers","volume":"5","author":"Mazzawi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ultrasound Int. Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0165","first-page":"G403","article-title":"Search for resistances controlling canine gastric emptying of liquid meals","volume":"241","author":"Miller","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0170","article-title":"Peristaltic pumping of blood through small vessels of varying cross-section","volume":"79","author":"Misra","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10483-012-1552-7","article-title":"Peristaltic transport of rheological fluid: model for movement of food bolus through esophagus","volume":"33","author":"Misra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-7177(95)00162-U","article-title":"Peristaltic Transport in a Tapered Tube","volume":"22","author":"Misra","year":"1995","journal-title":"Math. Comput. Modell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-7177(00)00295-8","article-title":"A Mathematical Model for Oesophageal Swallowing of a Food-Bolus","volume":"33","author":"Misra","year":"2001","journal-title":"Math. Comput. Modell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0898-1221(02)80022-0","article-title":"Peristaltic transport of blood in small vessels: study of a mathematical model","volume":"43","author":"Misra","year":"2002","journal-title":"Comput. Math. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0195","first-page":"G159","article-title":"Duodenogastric reflux in the fasting dog: role of pylorus and duodenal motility","volume":"241","author":"Muller-Lissner","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0200","first-page":"7108","article-title":"Power law fluid model for blood flow through a tapered artery with a stenosis","volume":"217","author":"Nadeem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Appl. Math. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1427700","article-title":"The mechanical advantage of local longitudinal shortening on peristaltic transport","volume":"124","author":"Pal","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biomech. Eng.-T Asme"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2006.06.006","article-title":"A stomach road or \u201cMagenstrasse\u201d for gastric emptying","volume":"40","author":"Pal","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1586\/17474124.2014.903799","article-title":"Advances in infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis","volume":"8","author":"Peters","year":"2014","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2005.00664.x","article-title":"The pylorus","volume":"17","author":"Ramkumar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motility"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00682-8","article-title":"Physiology of gastric emptying and pathophysiology of gastroparesis","volume":"18","author":"Read","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.7.5.515","article-title":"Mechanics of gastroduodenal emptying. A study of gastric and duodenal emptying with miniature balloons and intestinal glass electrodes","volume":"7","author":"Rhodes","year":"1966","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0235","first-page":"G1173","article-title":"Effects of nitroglycerin on liquid gastric emptying and antropyloroduodenal motility","volume":"275","author":"Sun","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12318","volume":"37","author":"Sweis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.33.4.466","article-title":"Relation of pyloric motility to pyloric opening and closure in healthy subjects","volume":"33","author":"Tougas","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1990.sp017999","article-title":"Pyloric motor function during emptying of a liquid meal from the stomach in the conscious pig","volume":"422","author":"Treacy","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0255","first-page":"G1","article-title":"Duodenal intramural nerves in control of pyloric motility and gastric emptying","volume":"263","author":"Treacy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5164029","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5164029","article-title":"A Multiphase Flow in the Antroduodenal Portion of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Mathematical Model","volume":"2016","author":"Trusov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Comput. Math. Methods Med."}],"container-title":["Journal of Theoretical Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022519320303155?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022519320303155?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T16:29:09Z","timestamp":1758385749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022519320303155"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0022519320303155"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5193"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5193","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Theoretical modeling of the resistance to gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux due to pyloric motility alone, presuming antral and duodenal quiescence","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Theoretical Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtbi.2020.110460","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"110460"}}