{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T12:23:05Z","timestamp":1781871785892,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UM1 AI068617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UM1 AI068617"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1175094"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1175094"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1084362"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1084362"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/X020258\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/X020258\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018734","name":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018734","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Theoretical Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T00:31:29Z","timestamp":1752712289000},"page":"112218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Large connected components in sexual networks and their role in HIV transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa: A model-based analysis of HPTN 071(PopART) data"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"613","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3973-017X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Di Lauro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.M.","family":"Probert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6754-3945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Pickles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Cori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Hinch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Ferretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jasmina","family":"Panovska-Griffiths","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Abeler-D\u00f6rner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1852-5940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rory","family":"Dunbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Bock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah J.","family":"Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Ayles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Fidler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1729-9892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Hayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6336","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/352581a0","article-title":"The spread of HIV-1 in Africa: sexual contact patterns and the predicted demographic impact of AIDS","volume":"352","author":"Anderson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001801","article-title":"Reassessment of HIV-1 acute phase infectivity: accounting for heterogeneity and study design with simulated cohorts","volume":"12","author":"Bellan","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0015","first-page":"1","article-title":"The impact of HIV epidemic phases on the effectiveness of core group interventions: insights from mathematical models","volume":"78","author":"Boily","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sex. Transm. Infect."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18779","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75558-9","article-title":"Network inference from population-level observation of epidemics","volume":"10","author":"Di Lauro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"9218","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02302-3","article-title":"Preventing HIV: determinants of sexual behaviour","volume":"355","author":"Donovan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0030","first-page":"1","article-title":"Behaviour change in generalised HIV epidemics: impact of reducing cross-generational sex and delaying age at sexual debut","volume":"83","author":"Hallett","year":"2007","journal-title":"Sex. Transm. Infect."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1814556","article-title":"Effect of universal testing and treatment on HIV incidence \u2014 HPTN 071 (PopART)","volume":"381","author":"Hayes","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1745-6215-15-57","article-title":"HPTN 071 (PopART): rationale and design of a cluster-randomised trial of the population impact of an HIV combination prevention intervention including universal testing and treatment\u2013a study protocol for a cluster randomised trial","volume":"15","author":"Hayes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0045","first-page":"2323","article-title":"Sexual network structure and the spread of HIV in Africa: evidence from Likoma Island","volume":"21","author":"Helleringer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Malawi. AIDS."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462961917906","article-title":"AIDS in rural Africa: a paradigm for HIV-1 prevention","volume":"7","author":"Hudson","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int. J. STD AIDS"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1801934","article-title":"HIV population surveys\u2014bringing precision to the global response","volume":"378","author":"Justman","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tpb.2004.08.002","article-title":"The implications of network structure for epidemic dynamics","volume":"67","author":"Keeling","year":"2005","journal-title":"Theor. Popul Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2006.0129","article-title":"The network of sheep movements within Great Britain: network properties and their implications for infectious disease spread","volume":"3","author":"Kiss","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.1007\/s00180-013-0428-3","article-title":"Adaptive approximate Bayesian computation for complex models","volume":"28","author":"Lenormand","year":"2013","journal-title":"Comput. Stat."},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0075","first-page":"1","article-title":"Role of core and bridging groups in the transmission dynamics of HIV and STIs in Cotonou, Benin, West Africa","volume":"78","author":"Lowndes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sex. Transm. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.72657","article-title":"Deep-sequence phylogenetics to quantify patterns of HIV transmission in the context of a universal testing and treatment trial - BCPP\/Ya Tsie Trial","volume":"11","author":"Magosi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Elife"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1017\/nws.2017.3","article-title":"Epidemic potential by sexual activity distributions","volume":"5","author":"Moody","year":"2017","journal-title":"Network Science."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0090","unstructured":"Newman M. Networks. Oxford University Press. 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25048","article-title":"Comparative assessment of five trials of universal HIV testing and treatment in Sub-Saharan Africa","volume":"21","author":"Perriat","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Int. AIDS Soc."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009301","article-title":"PopART-IBM, a highly efficient stochastic individual-based simulation model of generalised HIV epidemics developed in the context of the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial","volume":"17","author":"Pickles","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS Comput. Biol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e780","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(22)00259-4","article-title":"Projected outcomes of universal testing and treatment in a generalised HIV epidemic in Zambia and South Africa (the HPTN 071 [PopART] trial): a modelling study","volume":"9","author":"Probert","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"issue":"1516","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2002.2305","article-title":"Disease evolution on networks: the role of contact structure","volume":"270","author":"Read","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2007.0214","article-title":"Recent network evolution increases the potential for large epidemics in the British cattle population","volume":"4","author":"Robinson","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Interface"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1137\/19M1263340","article-title":"Blind identification of stochastic block models from dynamical observations","volume":"2","author":"Schaub","year":"2020","journal-title":"SIAM J. Math. Data Sci."},{"issue":"9787","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60779-4","article-title":"Effect of concurrent sexual partnerships on rate of new HIV infections in a high-prevalence, rural South African population: a cohort study","volume":"378","author":"Tanser","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym211","article-title":"Cohort profile: Africa centre demographic information system (ACDIS) and population-based HIV survey","volume":"37","author":"Tanser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys184","article-title":"Demographic and health surveys: a profile","volume":"41","author":"Corsi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vijver DAMC vd, Prosperi MCF, Ramasco JJ. Transmission of HIV in sexual networks in Sub-Saharan Africa and Europe. Eur. Phys. J. Spec. Top. 2013;222(6):1403\u20131411.","DOI":"10.1140\/epjst\/e2013-01934-8"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200406000-00012","article-title":"Scale-free networks and sexually transmitted diseases: a description of observed patterns of sexual contacts in Britain and Zimbabwe","volume":"31","author":"Schneeberger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex. Transm. Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0025-5564(92)90006-I","article-title":"The influence of concurrent partnerships on the dynamics of HIV\/AIDS","volume":"108","author":"Watts","year":"1992","journal-title":"Math. Biosci."}],"container-title":["Journal of Theoretical Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022519325001845?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022519325001845?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T00:30:51Z","timestamp":1777422651000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022519325001845"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["S0022519325001845"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5193"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5193","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Large connected components in sexual networks and their role in HIV transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa: A model-based analysis of HPTN 071(PopART) data","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Theoretical Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtbi.2025.112218","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"112218"}}