{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T17:48:13Z","timestamp":1784051293221,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427846400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,18]],"date-time":"2014-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008257","name":"Tarbiat Modares University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008257","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,31]],"date-time":"2015-01-31T09:19:19Z","timestamp":1422695959000},"page":"96-99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["In\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo antileishmanial effects of aloe-emodin on Leishmania major"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Abdolhossein","family":"Dalimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Delavari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Ghaffarifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javid","family":"Sadraei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1517\/14728214.2012.748036","article-title":"Liposomal amphotericin B as a treatment for human leishmaniasis","volume":"17","author":"Balasegaram","year":"2012","journal-title":"Expert Opin Emerging Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1086\/319990","article-title":"Comparison of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and L (V) guyanensis in Brazil: clinical findings and diagnostic approach","volume":"32","author":"Romero","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib3","article-title":"Topical treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"3","author":"Garnier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Opin Invest Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202657","article-title":"Topical paromomycin with or without gentamicin for cutaneous leishmaniasis","volume":"368","author":"Ben Salah","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e35671","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib6","first-page":"399","article-title":"Current scenario of drug development for leishmaniasis","volume":"123","author":"Croft","year":"2006","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2012.11.003","article-title":"Efficacy of glucantime for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central Iran","volume":"6","author":"Mohammadzadeha","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib8","first-page":"455","article-title":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis: recognition and treatment","volume":"69","author":"William","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.14712\/23362936.2015.26","article-title":"Topical treatment modalities for Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis: a review","volume":"113","author":"Alavi-Naini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Prague Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2004.06.018","article-title":"Concentration-dependence of prooxidant and antioxidant effects of aloin and aloe-emodin on DNA","volume":"91","author":"Tian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2010.09.058","article-title":"A\u00a0novel sensitive detection platform for antitumor herbal drug aloe-emodin based on the graphene modi\ufb01ed electrode","volume":"83","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2010.10.112","article-title":"Determination of aloe emodin in aloe vera extracts and commercial formulations by HPLC with tandem UV absorption and fluorescence detection","volume":"126","author":"Mandrioli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.05.047","article-title":"Cell-type dependent response of melanoma cells to aloe emodin","volume":"50","author":"Radovic","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2013.01.015","article-title":"Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling of aloe-emodin derivatives as new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors","volume":"21","author":"Shia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioorg Med Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.04.018","article-title":"Aloe-emodin is an interferon-inducing agent with antiviral activity against Japanese encephalitis virus and entero virus 71","volume":"32","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2007.06.005","article-title":"Aloe-emodin-induced apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cells","volume":"45","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2010.07.003","article-title":"Antitumor properties of aloe-emodin and induction of transglutaminase 2 activity in B16-F10 melanoma cells","volume":"87","author":"Tabolacci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lif Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2004.03.002","article-title":"Aloe-emodin induced in\u00a0vitro G2\/M arrest of cell cycle in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells","volume":"42","author":"Chen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(02)01900-8","article-title":"The antiproliferative activity of aloe\u2013emodin is through p53 dependent and p21-dependent apoptotic pathway in human hepatoma cell lines","volume":"71","author":"Kuo","year":"2002","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.123.3.759","article-title":"A\u00a0heparin-binding activity on Leishmania amastigote which mediates adhesion to cellular proteoglycans","volume":"123","author":"Love","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2004.07.012","article-title":"Aloe\u2013emodin modulates PKC isozymes, inhibits proliferation, and induces apoptosis in U-373MG glioma cells","volume":"4","author":"Acevedo\u2013Duncan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.47039-0","article-title":"Aloe vera leaf exudate induces a caspase-independent cell death in Leishmania donovani promastigotes","volume":"56","author":"Dutta","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s10719-006-9014-z","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro antileishmanial activity of Aloe vera leaf exudate: a potential herbal therapy in leishmaniasis","volume":"24","author":"Dutta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Glycoconj J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-0899-2","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo activity of aloe vera leaf exudate in experimental visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"102","author":"Dutta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2225411014000145?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2225411014000145?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T22:30:59Z","timestamp":1589495459000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2225411014000145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S2225411014000145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["2225-4110"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2225-4110","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"In\u00a0vitro and in\u00a0vivo antileishmanial effects of aloe-emodin on Leishmania major","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtcme.2014.11.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}