{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T01:05:30Z","timestamp":1789693530438,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jtcvsonline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T09:35:16Z","timestamp":1777887316000},"page":"392-403.e8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Machine learning predicts postoperative mortality in a Latin American cardiovascular surgery multicenter cohort: Toward precision risk stratification"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"172","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5380-7372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. Samir","family":"Cubas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Gundelach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorena","family":"Montes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximiliano","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Santiago","family":"Cubas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina Sosa","family":"Vota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerardo","family":"Soca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Day\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael W.A.","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.02.052","article-title":"Cardiac operative risk in Latin America: a comparison of machine learning models vs EuroSCORE-II","volume":"113","author":"Molina","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2022.106931","article-title":"Quality improvement program in Latin America decreases mortality after cardiac surgery: a before-after intervention study","volume":"106","author":"Mejia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2020.05.181","article-title":"Cardiac surgery in low- and middle-income countries: a state-of-the-art review","volume":"111","author":"Vervoort","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2019.04.039","article-title":"Global cardiac surgery: access to cardiac surgical care around the world","volume":"159","author":"Vervoort","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2022.100061","article-title":"6 billion people have no access to safe, timely, and affordable cardiac surgical care","volume":"1","author":"Vervoort","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Adv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib6","first-page":"36","article-title":"Perioperative morbidity and mortality of cardiac surgeries at the Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular, Lima, Peru, during 2023","volume":"6","author":"Silva-Tejada","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Peru Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib7","first-page":"138","article-title":"Validation of the EuroSCORE in assessing surgical risk in a cardiovascular referral center in Colombia","volume":"24","author":"Parga-G\u00f3mez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Mex Cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib8","first-page":"200","article-title":"Mortality in cardiac surgeries in a tertiary care hospital of South Brazil","volume":"28","author":"Monteiro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib9","first-page":"397","article-title":"Analysis of mortality and hospital stay in cardiac surgery in Mexico 2015: Data from the National Cardiology Institute","volume":"88","author":"Rodr\u00edguez-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Cardiol Mex"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib10","first-page":"228","article-title":"Real facts in cardiovascular surgery in Argentina. The XVI CONAREC registry","volume":"78","author":"Lowenstein Haber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rev Argent Cardiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2021.03.043","article-title":"STS adult cardiac surgery database: 2021 update on outcomes, quality, and research","volume":"111","author":"Bowdish","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000089850.27592.eb","article-title":"The Leapfrog volume criteria may fall short in identifying high-quality surgical centers","volume":"238","author":"Christian","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0223343","article-title":"REPLICCAR II study: data quality audit in the Paulista Cardiovascular Surgery Registry","volume":"15","author":"Orlandi","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMsa035205","article-title":"Surgeon volume and operative mortality in the United States","volume":"349","author":"Birkmeyer","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238737","article-title":"Validation and quality measurements for STS, EuroSCORE II and a regional risk model in Brazilian patients","volume":"15","author":"Mejia","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivt022","article-title":"Comparison of original EuroSCORE, EuroSCORE II and STS risk models in a Turkish cardiac surgical cohort","volume":"16","author":"Kunt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezae368","article-title":"A machine learning algorithm-based risk prediction score for in-hospital\/30-day mortality after adult cardiac surgery","volume":"66","author":"Sinha","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezad183","article-title":"Comparison of machine learning techniques in prediction of mortality following cardiac surgery: analysis of over 220 000 patients from a large national database","volume":"63","author":"Sinha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivab151","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of mortality risk prediction models in adult cardiac surgery","volume":"33","author":"Sinha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib21","first-page":"214","article-title":"Machine learning using institution-specific multi-modal electronic health records improves mortality risk prediction for cardiac surgery patients","volume":"14","author":"Weiss","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt-21-648","article-title":"Development of machine learning models for mortality risk prediction after cardiac surgery","volume":"12","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2019.09.049","article-title":"Predictive utility of a machine learning algorithm in estimating mortality risk in cardiac surgery","volume":"109","author":"Kilic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169772","article-title":"A comparison of a machine learning model with EuroSCORE II in predicting mortality after elective cardiac surgery: a decision curve analysis","volume":"12","author":"Allyn","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib25","article-title":"Machine learning methods for predicting long-term mortality in patients after cardiac surgery","volume":"9","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semtcvs.2020.09.028","article-title":"Machine learning algorithms for predicting and risk profiling of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury","volume":"33","author":"Penny-Dimri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022522326007622?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022522326007622?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:43:15Z","timestamp":1789692195000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0022522326007622"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S0022522326007622"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5223"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5223","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Machine learning predicts postoperative mortality in a Latin American cardiovascular surgery multicenter cohort: Toward precision risk stratification","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2026.02.036","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The American Association for Thoracic Surgery.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}