{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:48:26Z","timestamp":1761061706390,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002660","name":"Islamic Azad University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002660","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005851","name":"Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005851","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,12]],"date-time":"2022-09-12T08:01:11Z","timestamp":1662969671000},"page":"127070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Anti-apoptotic properties of N-Acetyl cysteine and its effects on of Liver X receptor and Sirtuin 1 expression in the liver of rats exposed to Lead"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Asghar Beigi","family":"Harchegani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sareh","family":"Rostami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaleh","family":"Mohsenifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alireza Beheshti","family":"Dafchahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh Mozaffari","family":"Moghadam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Jaafarzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saman Seyfizadeh","family":"Saraabestan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Najmeh","family":"Ranji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4257498","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4257498","article-title":"The coadministration of N-Acetylcysteine ameliorates the effects of arsenic trioxide on the male mouse genital system","author":"da Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib2","first-page":"10","article-title":"A clinical study of the effects of lead poisoning on the intelligence and neurobehavioral abilities of children","volume":"13","author":"Hou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Theor. Biol. Med Model"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib3","first-page":"27","article-title":"hemostatic and mutagenic effects of lead and possible prevention by zinc and vitamin C","volume":"2","author":"Hemopoietic","year":"2009","journal-title":"Al Ameen J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib4","first-page":")757","article-title":"Lead and compounds","author":"Grant","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ. Toxic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9785","article-title":"Lead exposure and cardiovascular disease--a systematic review","volume":"115","author":"Navas-Acien","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib6","series-title":"Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology","first-page":"415","article-title":"Arsenic, cadmium and lead. Reproductive and developmental","author":"Flora","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2019-0008","article-title":"An overview on role of some trace elements in human reproductive health, sperm function and fertilization process","volume":"34","author":"Mirnamniha","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.3923\/rjet.2009.24.30","article-title":"Histological alterations induced by lead in the testes of the Quail Coturnix coturnix","volume":"3","author":"Almansour","year":"2009","journal-title":"Res. J. Environ. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16020274","article-title":"Toxic effect of acute cadmium and lead exposure in rat blood, liver, and kidney","volume":"16","author":"Andjelkovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/2052-4374-25-5","article-title":"The relationship of liver function tests to mixed exposure to lead and organic solvents","volume":"25","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/14647273.2018.1494390","article-title":"Effects of zinc deficiency on impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility: the role of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis","volume":"23","author":"Beigi Harchegani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Fertil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib12","first-page":"81","article-title":"Effects of intraperitoneal administration of cadmium on apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bax genes expression in rat hippocampal cells","volume":"12","author":"Mahdavi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Novin. Genet."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-021-06300-5","article-title":"The effect of N-Acetyl cysteine on the expression of Fxr (Nr1h4), LXR\u03b1 (Nr1h3) and Sirt1 genes, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the liver of rats exposed to different doses of cadmium","volume":"48","author":"Azarmehr","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"HY5","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.881749","article-title":"SIRT1 as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"17","author":"Colak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit.: Int. Med. J. Exp. Clin. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2013.37.5.315","article-title":"SIRT1 in type 2 diabetes: mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"37","author":"Kitada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S36","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.2007.S36","article-title":"Putative metabolic effects of the liver X receptor (LXR","volume":"53","author":"Steffensen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-9668.116986","article-title":"Evaluation of protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine on arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity","volume":"4","author":"Pudari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Sci. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.04.00016804","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of N\u2010acetylcysteine: their relevance in relation to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","volume":"23","author":"Dekhuijzen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.15407\/ubj93.01.059","article-title":"Effect of N-acetyl cysteine on oxidative stress and Bax and Bcl2 expression in the kidney tissue of rats exposed to lead","volume":"93","author":"Gholami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ukr. Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib20","article-title":"Protecting effects of N-acetyl cysteine supplementation against lead and cadmium-induced brain toxicity in rat models","author":"Jaafarzadeh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02789081","article-title":"Effect of lead on lipid peroxidation in liver of rats","volume":"48","author":"Sandhir","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biol. Trace Elem. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44819","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44819","article-title":"Beneficial effects of paeoniflorin on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high-fat diet in rats","volume":"7","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1080\/13813455.2018.1441872","article-title":"Effects of combined therapy with resveratrol, continuous and interval exercises on apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory biomarkers in the liver of old rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"125","author":"Hajighasem","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2010.547211","article-title":"Sirtuin 1 in lipid metabolism and obesity","volume":"43","author":"Schug","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000267723.65696.4a","article-title":"Sirt1 regulates aging and resistance to oxidative stress in the heart","volume":"100","author":"Alcendor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib27","first-page":"252","article-title":"Aggravation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by moderate alcohol consumption is associated with decreased SIRT1 activity in rats","volume":"2","author":"Nascimento","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2011.05.006","article-title":"Low-level lead exposure triggers neuronal apoptosis in the developing mouse brain","volume":"33","author":"Dribben","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurotoxicol. Teratol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8100656","article-title":"Proanthocyanidins attenuation of chronic lead-induced liver oxidative damage in kunming mice via the Nrf2\/ARE pathway","volume":"8","author":"Long","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2011.12.005","article-title":"Histological and histochemical alterations in the liver induced by lead chronic toxicity","volume":"19","author":"Jarrar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib31","article-title":"Cumulative effects of low-level lead exposure and chronic physiological stress on hepatic dysfunction-A preliminary study","volume":"8","author":"Obeng-Gyasi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S492","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200611001-01320","article-title":"Environmental lead exposure affects liver function in adult women","volume":"17","author":"Lee","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.2478\/aiht-2019-70-3214","article-title":"The effects of occupational lead exposure on selected inflammatory biomarkers","volume":"70","author":"Turksoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arh. za Hig. rada i Toksikol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.07.155","article-title":"Resveratrol regulates the expression of LXR-alpha in human macrophages","volume":"348","author":"Sevov","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins10100407","article-title":"Protective effect of N-Acetylcysteine against oxidative stress induced by zearalenone via mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in SIEC02 cells","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2019.02.004","article-title":"The protective effects of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against oxidative stress-associated apoptosis evoked by the organophosphorus insecticide malathion in normal human astrocytes","volume":"417","author":"Shieh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1159\/000495200","article-title":"Cytoprotective effects of N-Acetylcysteine on streptozotocin- induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in RIN-5F Pancreatic \u03b2-Cells","volume":"51","author":"Al-Nahdi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Physiol. Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12103","article-title":"N-acetyl-L-cysteine protects against cadmium-induced neuronal apoptosis by inhibiting ROS-dependent activation of Akt\/mTOR pathway in mouse brain","volume":"40","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol."}],"container-title":["Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0946672X2200150X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0946672X2200150X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T19:20:18Z","timestamp":1760556018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0946672X2200150X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0946672X2200150X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070","relation":{},"ISSN":["0946-672X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0946-672X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Anti-apoptotic properties of N-Acetyl cysteine and its effects on of Liver X receptor and Sirtuin 1 expression in the liver of rats exposed to Lead","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2022.127070","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"127070"}}