{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T02:40:03Z","timestamp":1749782403526,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]],"date-time":"2025-04-06T04:58:50Z","timestamp":1743915530000},"page":"127637","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cobalt in feed: A first survey in Italy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"89","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9301-692X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Marchese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0478-3837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa","family":"Avolio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Griglione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Palmegiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Riva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Gavinelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Brizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Cesarina","family":"Abete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Squadrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"year":"2000","series-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. Update 2000","author":"NRC","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib1"},{"year":"2001","series-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle: Seventh Revised Edition, 2001","author":"NRC","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib3","unstructured":"NRC 2007a. Nutrient Requirements of Horses: Sixth Revised Edition, 2007."},{"year":"2007","series-title":"Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids","author":"NRC","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib4"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1976.423693x","article-title":"Effects of plant species and cobalt intake upon cobalt utilization and ration digestibility by sheep","volume":"42","author":"Looney","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1097\/00004032-198405000-00007","article-title":"Metabolism of 51Cr, 54Mn, 59Fe and 60Co in lactating dairy cows","volume":"46","author":"Van Bruwaene","year":"1984","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"year":"2005","series-title":"Mineral Tolerance of Animals","author":"NRC","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib7"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2009.1383","article-title":"Scientific opinion on the use of cobalt compounds as additives in animal nutrition","volume":"7","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Opinion 2009","year":"2009","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN19700092","article-title":"Production, absorption, distribution, and excretion of vitamin B12 in sheep","volume":"24","author":"Smith","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1080\/17450390802027460","article-title":"The influence of an increased cobalt supply on ruminal parameters and microbial vitamin B12 synthesis in the rumen of dairy cows","volume":"62","author":"Stemme","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Anim. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4524","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.2009-2049","article-title":"Apparent ruminal synthesis and intestinal disappearance of vitamin B12 and its analogs in dairy cows","volume":"92","author":"Girard","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(92)77759-5","article-title":"Effect of copper and cobalt addition on digestion and growth in heifers fed diets containing alfalfa silage ot corn crop residues","volume":"75","author":"Lopez-Guisa","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib13","first-page":"221","article-title":"The effect of copper and cobalt supplementation on the digestibility of fibrous feed in sheep","volume":"37","author":"Zele\u0148\u00e1k","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vet. Med (Prague)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib14","first-page":"759","article-title":"Readjustment of the supply of cobalt in the ruminant: critical approach","volume":"169","author":"Paragon","year":"1993","journal-title":"Recl. De. Med. Vet. De. l\u2032\u00c9c. D. 'Alfort"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.3168\/jds.S0022-0302(70)86353-6","article-title":"Recent developments in cobalt and copper in ruminant nutrition: a review","volume":"53","author":"Ammerman","year":"1970","journal-title":"J. Dairy Sci."},{"year":"1988","series-title":"The trace elements. The Ruminant Animal: Digestive Physiology and Nutrition","author":"Miller","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib16"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/102.10.1341","article-title":"Effect of ratio of roughage to concentrate and level of feed intake on ovine ruminal vitamin B12 production","volume":"102","author":"Sutton","year":"1972","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1016\/S0271-5317(97)00061-4","article-title":"Bioavailability of cobalt sources for ruminants. 2. Estimation of the relative value of reagent grade and feed grade cobalt sources from tissue cobalt accumulation and vitamin B12 concentrations","volume":"17","author":"Kawashima","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.2527\/2006.843635x","article-title":"Influence of cobalt concentration on vitamin B12 production and fermentation of mixed ruminal microorganisms grown in continuous culture flowthrough fermentors","volume":"84","author":"Tiffany","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anim. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib20","first-page":"112","article-title":"Effect of dietary cobalt on ruminal vitamin B-12 synthesis and rumen metabolites","volume":"24","author":"Singh","year":"1995","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Agric. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib21","series-title":"V","article-title":"itamins in animal and human nutrition","author":"McDowell","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib22","article-title":"Cobalt, Antimony Compounds, and Weapons-grade Tungsten Alloy","volume":"131","author":"IARC","year":"2023","journal-title":"Monogr. Identif. Carcinog. Hazards Hum."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib23","unstructured":"Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 601\/2013 of 24 June 2013 concerning the authorisation of cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt(II) carbonate, cobalt(II) carbonate hydroxide (2:3) monohydrate, cobalt(II) sulphate heptahydrate and coated granulated cobalt(II) carbonate hydroxide (2:3) monohydrate as feed additives - OJ L 172, 25.6.2013, pp. 14\u201322."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib24","unstructured":"Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 131\/2014 of 11 February 2014 amending Implementing Regulation (EU) No 601\/2013 concerning the authorisation of cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt(II) carbonate, cobalt(II) carbonate hydroxide (2:3) monohydrate, cobalt(II) sulphate heptahydrate and coated granulated cobalt(II) carbonate hydroxide (2:3) monohydrate as feed additives - OJ L 41, 12.2.2014, pp. 3\u201310."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib25","unstructured":"Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023\/1455 of 13 July 2023 concerning the urgent provisional authorisation of cobalt(II) acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt(II) carbonate, cobalt(II) carbonate hydroxide (2:3) monohydrate and cobalt(II) sulphate, heptahydrate as feed additives for ruminants with a functional rumen, equidae and lagomorphs - OJ L 179, 14.7.2023, pp. 103\u2013111."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib26","unstructured":"Regulation (EC) No 767\/2009 of the European Parliament and of The Council of 13 July 2009 on the placing on the market and use of feed, amending European Parliament and Council Regulation (EC) No 1831\/2003 and repealing Council Directive 79\/373\/EEC, Commission Directive 80\/511\/EEC, Council Directives 82\/471\/EEC, 83\/228\/EEC, 93\/74\/EEC, 93\/113\/EC and 96\/25\/EC and Commission Decision 2004\/217\/EC - OJ L 229, 1.9.2009, pp. 1\u201328."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib27","unstructured":"Regulation (EC) No 178\/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 January 2002 laying down the general principles and requirements of food law, establishing the European Food Safety Authority and laying down procedures in matters of food safety - OJ L 31, 1.2. 2002, pp. 1\u201324."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib28","unstructured":"UNI, ISO\/IEC 17025:2018 - General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (UNI CEI EN ISO\/IEC 17025:2018),2018."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib29","first-page":"2791","volume":"10","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Opinion 2012","year":"2012","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"year":"1999","series-title":"The Mineral Nutrition of Livestock","author":"Underwood","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib30"},{"year":"1997","series-title":"Nutrition of grazing ruminants in tropical climates","author":"McDowell","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib31"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib32","article-title":"Cobalt sulphate poisoning in ruminants","author":"Murray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Feed. N. Serv."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637_bib33","first-page":"2782","article-title":"Scientific opinion on safety and efficacy of coated granulated cobaltous carbonate monohydrate as feed additive for all species","volume":"10","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) Opinion 2012","year":"2012","journal-title":"EFSA J."}],"container-title":["Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0946672X25000501?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0946672X25000501?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T02:17:13Z","timestamp":1749781033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0946672X25000501"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S0946672X25000501"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637","relation":{},"ISSN":["0946-672X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0946-672X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cobalt in feed: A first survey in Italy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127637","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier GmbH. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"127637"}}