{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T16:35:28Z","timestamp":1792859728948,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":204,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754006400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000155","name":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000155","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T15:43:47Z","timestamp":1750261427000},"page":"127684","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in women of reproductive age: Sex- and gender-based risk factors and inequities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Jessie L.","family":"Burns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara H.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9n\u00e9dicte","family":"Fontaine-Bisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1494-3221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristin L.","family":"Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Review on iron and its importance for human health","volume":"19","author":"Abbaspour","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Res Med Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.816282","article-title":"Iron metabolism and immune regulation","volume":"13","author":"Ni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13564","article-title":"Impact of a collaborative childhood anaemia intervention programme in Peru","volume":"26","author":"Whitney","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trop. Med Int Health"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312799","article-title":"Prevalence of anaemia, iron deficiency, and iron deficiency anaemia in women of reproductive age and children under 5 Years of Age in South Africa (1997-2021): a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Turawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J. Environ. Res Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8110693","article-title":"The Proportion of anemia associated with iron deficiency in low, medium, and high human development index countries: a systematic analysis of national surveys","volume":"8","author":"Petry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"10270","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib6","article-title":"Iron deficiency","volume":"397","author":"SR","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet (Lond. Engl. )"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2015.2.10289","article-title":"The impact of maternal iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia on child's health","volume":"36","author":"Abu-Ouf","year":"2015","journal-title":"Saudi Med J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020447","article-title":"Iron Deficiency and iron deficiency anemia: implications and impact in pregnancy, fetal development, and early childhood parameters","volume":"12","author":"Means","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.03.006","article-title":"Iron deficiency in pregnancy","volume":"223","author":"Georgieff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e713","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(23)00160-6","article-title":"Prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends in anaemia burden by severity and cause, 1990-2021: findings from the global burden of disease study 2021","volume":"10","author":"Collaborators","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib11","unstructured":"Development Initiatives Poverty Research Ltd, \"2021 Global Nutrition Report: The state of global nutrition,\" Bristol, UK, 2021. [Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/globalnutritionreport.org\/reports\/2021-global-nutrition-report\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib12","unstructured":"M. Nguyen and P. Tadi, \"Iron Supplementation,\" Online, 2021. [Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK557376\/\u3009."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0117383","article-title":"Ferrous sulfate supplementation causes significant gastrointestinal side-effects in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Tolkien","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.5001\/omj.2011.38","article-title":"Patient medication adherence: measures in daily practice","volume":"26","author":"Jimmy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oman Med J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2012.761599","article-title":"Tolerability of different oral iron supplements: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Cancelo-Hidalgo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Med Res Opin."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12020275","article-title":"Performance factors influencing efficacy and effectiveness of iron fortification programs of condiments for improving anemia prevalence and iron status in populations: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Waller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"nzz120","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzz120","article-title":"Adherence to iron supplementation in 22 sub-saharan African countries and associated factors among pregnant women: a large population-based study","volume":"3","author":"Ba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Dev. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/s41073-019-0064-8","article-title":"SANRA-a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles","volume":"4","author":"Baethge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res Integr. Peer Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.03.001","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"134","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"9596","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X","article-title":"The Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"370","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0098-2997(00)00006-6","article-title":"The roles of iron in health and disease","volume":"22","author":"Lieu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol. Asp. Med"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib22","first-page":"235","article-title":"Metabolism of iron stores","volume":"76","author":"Saito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nagoya J. Med Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib23","unstructured":"N.I. o H.O. o D.S.O. NIH. \"Iron Fact Sheet For Health Professionals.\" National Institutes of Health. https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/Iron-HealthProfessional\/#en1 (accessed 2024)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib24","unstructured":"N.I. o H. NIH. \"Iron Fact Sheet for Health Professionals.\" https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/Iron-HealthProfessional\/#en5 (accessed."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7042274","article-title":"Duodenal cytochrome b (DCYTB) in iron metabolism: an update on function and regulation","volume":"7","author":"Lane","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib26","unstructured":"E. T, S.L. K, and H. MR. \"Biochemistry, Iron Absorption.\" StatPearls Publishing. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK448204\/ (accessed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.020","article-title":"DMT1 and iron transport","volume":"133","author":"Yanatori","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20441","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.2c01833","article-title":"Iron absorption: factors, limitations, and improvement methods","volume":"7","author":"Piskin","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.vh.2019.01.002","article-title":"Hepcidin-ferroportin axis in health and disease","volume":"110","author":"Ginzburg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vitam. Horm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/HS9.0000000000000035","article-title":"Erythroferrone: an erythroid regulator of hepcidin and iron metabolism","volume":"2","author":"Coffey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hemasphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2006.1.29","article-title":"Hepcidin and its role in regulating systemic iron metabolism","volume":"507","author":"Ganz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hematol. Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.003","article-title":"Erythropoietic regulators of iron metabolism","volume":"133","author":"Ganz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1039\/C4MT00164H","article-title":"Iron regulatory proteins and their role in controlling iron metabolism","volume":"7","author":"K\u00fchn","year":"2015","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1097\/MOH.0000000000000132","article-title":"New insights into iron regulation and erythropoiesis","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Hematol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4888","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30247","article-title":"Erythroferrone structure, function, and physiology: iron homeostasis and beyond","volume":"236","author":"Srole","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.14740\/jocmr3221w","article-title":"Prevalence, comorbidity and investigation of anemia in the primary care office","volume":"9","author":"Gandhi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.2012","article-title":"Iron overload disorders","volume":"6","author":"Hsu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G598","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00371.2001","article-title":"Intestinal expression of genes involved in iron absorption in humans","volume":"282","author":"Rolfs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v2.i8.302","article-title":"Gender-related variations in iron metabolism and liver diseases","volume":"2","author":"Harrison-Findik","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpddr.2018.06.003","article-title":"Characterization of divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) in Brugia malayi suggests an intestinal-associated pathway for iron absorption","volume":"8","author":"Ballesteros","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J. Parasitol. Drugs Drug Resist"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fspor.2022.903937","article-title":"A contemporary understanding of iron metabolism in active premenopausal females","volume":"4","author":"Badenhorst","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Sports Act. Living"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glt154","article-title":"Testosterone induces erythrocytosis via increased erythropoietin and suppressed hepcidin: evidence for a new erythropoietin\/hemoglobin set point","volume":"69","author":"Bachman","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2020.00101","article-title":"Bioavailability of micronutrients from nutrient-dense whole foods: zooming in on dairy, vegetables, and fruits","volume":"7","author":"Melse-Boonstra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Nutr."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831.74.6.403","article-title":"Enhancers of iron absorption: ascorbic acid and other organic acids","volume":"74","author":"Teucher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J. Vitam. Nutr. Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1989.tb01409.x","article-title":"Nutritional iron requirements and food iron absorption","volume":"226","author":"Bothwell","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Intern Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/138.9.1647","article-title":"Bioactive dietary polyphenolic compounds reduce nonheme iron transport across human intestinal cell monolayers","volume":"138","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2019000034","article-title":"Management of iron deficiency","volume":"2019","author":"Ning","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hematol. Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib48","first-page":"241","article-title":"Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia","volume":"11","author":"Jimenez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Hepatol. (N. Y)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2018.1502081","article-title":"Impact and management of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia in women's health","volume":"11","author":"Mirza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Hematol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.1997.tb01608.x","article-title":"Preventing iron deficiency through food fortification","volume":"55","author":"Hurrell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/846824","article-title":"Ferrous versus ferric oral iron formulations for the treatment of iron deficiency: a clinical overview","volume":"2012","author":"Santiago","year":"2012","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib52","unstructured":"L. Allen, B. de-Benoist, O. Dary, R. Hurrell, 2006, Guidelines on food fortification with micronutrients, L.D.-B. Allen, B., O. Dary, and R. Hurrell, eds., Online: The World Health Organization, 2006, p. 331. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/43412\/9241594012_eng.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib53","series-title":"Preventing and controlling micronutrient deficiencies in populations affected by an emergency: multiple vitamin and mineral supplements for pregnant and lactating women, and for children aged 6 to 59 months","author":"Organization","year":"2006"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831.77.3.166","article-title":"Linking the bioavailability of iron compounds to the efficacy of iron-fortified foods","volume":"77","author":"Hurrell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J. Vitam. Nutr. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib55","unstructured":"M. Nguyen and P. Tadi. \"Iron Supplementation. StatPearls.\" StatPearls Publishing. top: 290.503px left: 169.999px background: url(\"images\/ui-bg_flat_75_ffffff_40x100.png\") 50% 50% repeat-x rgb(255, 255, 255) \" tabindex=\"-1\"> https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK557376\/ (accessed."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2008.07.012","article-title":"Individualized treatment for iron-deficiency anemia in adults","volume":"121","author":"Alleyne","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3301","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/134.12.3301","article-title":"Particle size reduction and encapsulation affect the bioavailability of ferric pyrophosphate in rats","volume":"134","author":"Wegm\u00fcller","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1080\/87559120801926260","article-title":"Iron-Fortified Infant Cereals","volume":"24","author":"Theuer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Food Rev. Int."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200948030-00001","article-title":"Sex differences in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics","volume":"48","author":"Soldin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Pharm."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-019-03054-8","article-title":"Iron in Health and Disease: An Update","volume":"87","author":"Lal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J. Pedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2020.26","article-title":"From lifespan to healthspan: the role of nutrition in healthy ageing","volume":"9","author":"Wickramasinghe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15405","article-title":"The effect of iron deficiency and anaemia on women's health","volume":"76","author":"Benson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib63","first-page":"116","article-title":"Micronutrients in women's reproductive health: II. Minerals and trace elements","volume":"51","author":"Kontic-Vucinic","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J. Fertil. Women\u2019s. Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib64","article-title":"Iron and the breastfed infant","volume":"7","author":"Friel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antioxid. (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib65","first-page":"269","article-title":"Perinatal iron deficiency: implications for mothers and infants","volume":"115","author":"Juul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Karger"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a011866","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia: a common and curable disease","volume":"3","author":"Miller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib67","unstructured":"W. MJ and K. MT. \"Iron Deficiency Anemia.\" StatPearls Publishing. \u3008https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK448065\/\u3009 (accessed."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265030244S106","article-title":"Iron deficiency: global prevalence and consequences","volume":"24","author":"Stoltzfus","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Nutr. Bull."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib69","first-page":"250","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia","volume":"53","author":"Naigamwalla","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1159\/000495978","article-title":"Perinatal iron deficiency: implications for mothers and infants","volume":"115","author":"Juul","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R65","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-20-0271","article-title":"Maternal iron homeostasis: effect on placental development and function","volume":"160","author":"Roberts","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2799","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13252","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia at admission for labor and delivery is associated with an increased risk for Cesarean section and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes","volume":"55","author":"Drukker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/s41372-017-0023-5","article-title":"Effect of maternal iron deficiency anemia on fetal neural development","volume":"38","author":"Basu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Perinatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003557","article-title":"Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with anemia in pregnancy","volume":"134","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.14944","article-title":"Iron deficiency, pregnancy, and neonatal development","volume":"162","author":"Ataide","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J. Gynaecol. Obstet."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib76","first-page":"30","article-title":"Iron Deficiency. Iron metabolism and its disorders","volume":"133","author":"Camaschella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood. Am. Soc. Hematol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1111\/bjh.12311","article-title":"Guideline for the laboratory diagnosis of functional iron deficiency","volume":"161","author":"Thomas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib78","first-page":"458","article-title":"Inflammation and biomarkers of micronutrient status","volume":"19","author":"Thurnham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.02.123","article-title":"Iron status and inflammation in women of reproductive age: A population-based biomarker survey and clinical study","volume":"49","author":"Finkelstein","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14224739","article-title":"Threshold ferritin concentrations reflecting early iron deficiency based on hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor serum levels in patients with absolute iron deficiency","volume":"14","author":"Tarancon-Diez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.155887","article-title":"Laboratory methodologies for indicators of iron status: strengths, limitations, and analytical challenges","volume":"106","author":"Pfeiffer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1177\/026010600601800205","article-title":"Correct assessment of iron depletion and iron deficiency anemia","volume":"18","author":"Naghii","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nutr. Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib83","first-page":"456","article-title":"Diagnosing iron deficiency: controversies and novel metrics","volume":"37","author":"Rusch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Best. Pract. Clin. Res. Anaethesiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18233","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-75435-5","article-title":"Clinical thresholds for diagnosing iron deficiency: comparison of functional assessment of serum ferritin to population based centiles","volume":"10","author":"Sezgin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/44.1.45","article-title":"Clinical utility of the soluble transferrin receptor and comparison with serum ferritin in several populations","volume":"44","author":"Mast","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.24201","article-title":"How we diagnose and treat iron deficiency anemia","volume":"91","author":"Auerbach","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib87","first-page":"625","article-title":"Iron deficiency in women: assessment, causes and consequences","volume":"14","author":"Coad","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"issue":"5 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.5.1649S","article-title":"Assessing micronutrient status in the presence of inflammation","volume":"133","author":"Tomkins","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265030243S102","article-title":"Adequate dosing of micronutrients for different age groups in the life cycle","volume":"24","author":"Bienz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Nutr. Bull."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15432","article-title":"The misogyny of iron deficiency","volume":"76","author":"Dugan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e572","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(21)00168-X","article-title":"Physiologically based serum ferritin thresholds for iron deficiency in children and non-pregnant women: a US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) serial cross-sectional study","volume":"8","author":"Mei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101052","article-title":"Threshold ferritin and hepcidin concentrations indicating early iron deficiency in young women based on upregulation of iron absorption","volume":"39","author":"Galetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.13928","article-title":"The definition of iron deficiency-an issue of health equity","volume":"7","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/42.5.718","article-title":"Laboratory tests of iron status: correlation or common sense?","volume":"42","author":"Hastka","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib95","series-title":"Iron Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management","author":"Advisory","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8065691","article-title":"Factors influencing hemoglobin variability and its association with mortality in hemodialysis patients","volume":"2018","author":"Bal","year":"2018","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2015.58.1.15","article-title":"The usefulness of soluble transferrin receptor in the diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in children","volume":"58","author":"Yoon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Korean J. Pedia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib98","unstructured":"A. Faruqi, M. Zubair, and S. Mukkamalla. \"Iron-binding Capacity.\" StatPearls Publishing. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK559119\/ (accessed."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1634S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.155960","article-title":"Serum ferritin as an indicator of iron status: what do we need to know?","volume":"106","author":"Daru","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2023.101159","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia among women: an issue of health equity","volume":"64","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib101","unstructured":"O. WH, \"The global prevalence of anaemia in 2011.,\" Geneva Switzerland WHO, 2011, vol. 126."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-03222-1","article-title":"Prevalence of anemia and sociodemographic characteristics among pregnant and non-pregnant women in southwest China: a longitudinal observational study","volume":"20","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13004","article-title":"Iron deficiency anaemia revisited","volume":"287","author":"Cappellini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Intern Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.13773","article-title":"International consensus statement on the peri-operative management of anaemia and iron deficiency","volume":"72","author":"Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2024.06.022","article-title":"Medical gaslighting: a new colloquialism","volume":"137","author":"Ng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.8020","article-title":"Prevalence of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia in US females aged 12-21 Years, 2003-2020","volume":"329","author":"Weyand","year":"2023","journal-title":"Jama"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s11934-018-0808-x","article-title":"Iron and a man's reproductive health: the good, the bad, and the ugly","volume":"19","author":"Gabrielsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Urol. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e253","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(24)00030-9","article-title":"Haemoglobin thresholds to define anaemia from age 6 months to 65 years: estimates from international data sources","volume":"11","author":"Braat","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib109","first-page":"516","article-title":"Hematologic concerns in transgender patients","volume":"20","author":"DeLoughery","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Adv. Hematol. Oncol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-06-508325","article-title":"A systematic analysis of global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010","volume":"123","author":"Kassebaum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2016.09.007","article-title":"Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in women","volume":"40","author":"Percy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Best. Pr. Res Clin. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02291-6","article-title":"Role of iron in the reduction of anemia among women of reproductive age in low-middle income countries: insights from systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s. Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13508","article-title":"The relationship between the gendered norm of eating last and mental health of newly married women in Nepal: a longitudinal study","volume":"19","author":"Gopalakrishnan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib114","first-page":"25","article-title":"Family, Gender, and women's nutritional status: a comparison between two himalayan communities in Nepal","volume":"31","author":"Madjdian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Econ. Hist. Dev. Reg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-017-0603-1","article-title":"Determinants of intra-household food allocation between adults in South Asia - a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Harris-Fry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J. Equity Health"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2737","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980020000579","article-title":"Food insecurity and low access to high-quality food for preconception women in Nepal: the importance of household relationships","volume":"23","author":"Diamond-Smith","year":"2020","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.worlddev.2017.11.019","article-title":"Complicating narratives of women\u2019s food and nutrition insecurity: domestic violence in rural Bangladesh","volume":"104","author":"Lentz","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E. Lentz, S. Narayanan, and A. De. (2019). Last and least Findings on intrahousehold undernutrition from participatory research in South Asia. Available: \u3008http:\/\/www.igidr.ac.in\/pdf\/publication\/WP-2019-005.pdf\u3009.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2019.05.024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0232125","article-title":"Prevalence of iron deficiency in 62,685 women of seven race\/ethnicity groups: The HEIRS Study","volume":"15","author":"Barton","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.155853","article-title":"Ethnic and genetic factors of iron status in women of reproductive age","volume":"106","author":"Gordeuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib121","first-page":"41","article-title":"Iron sufficiency of Canadians","volume":"23","author":"Cooper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Health Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665121000902","article-title":"The global challenge of hidden hunger: perspectives from the field","volume":"80","author":"Lowe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e627","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00084-5","article-title":"National, regional, and global estimates of anaemia by severity in women and children for 2000-19: a pooled analysis of population-representative data","volume":"10","author":"Stevens","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1590","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00367-9","article-title":"Micronutrient deficiencies among preschool-aged children and women of reproductive age worldwide: a pooled analysis of individual-level data from population-representative surveys","volume":"10","author":"Stevens","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14040832","article-title":"Global, Regional, and National Estimates of Nutritional Deficiency Burden among Reproductive Women from 2010 to 2019","volume":"14","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2017.181","article-title":"Sex and gender disparities in the epidemiology and outcomes of chronic kidney disease","volume":"14","author":"Carrero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib127","article-title":"Sex differences in chronic liver disease and benign liver lesions","volume":"5","author":"Cooper","year":"2023","journal-title":"JHEP Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2001.22433","article-title":"Serum ferritin is a marker of morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients","volume":"37","author":"Kalantar-Zadeh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1401038","article-title":"Iron-deficiency anemia","volume":"372","author":"Camaschella","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.nutr.012809.104804","article-title":"Iron homeostasis and the inflammatory response","volume":"30","author":"Wessling-Resnick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/260380","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia: focus on infectious diseases in lesser developed countries","volume":"2011","author":"Shaw","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anemia"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1930","article-title":"Viral infection and iron metabolism","volume":"6","author":"Drakesmith","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3204","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-06-027631","article-title":"Interleukin-6 induces hepcidin expression through STAT3","volume":"108","author":"Wrighting","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib134","first-page":"88","article-title":"Influence of iron deficiency anemia on hemoglobin A1c levels in diabetic individuals with controlled plasma glucose levels","volume":"18","author":"Christy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran. Biomed. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib135","unstructured":"M.S. Health. \"Iron.\" Mount Sinai Health. \u3008https:\/\/www.mountsinai.org\/health-library\/supplement\/iron#:\u223c:text=Medications%20used%20to%20treat%20ulcers,%2C%20and%20nizatidine%20\u3009(Axid). (accessed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2019.10.016","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors block iron absorption through direct regulation of hepcidin via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated pathway","volume":"318","author":"Hamano","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2018.10.014","article-title":"Iron deficiency anemia associated with acid-modifying medications: two cases and literature review","volume":"357","author":"Vinnakota","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Med Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-023-02196-z","article-title":"Obesity: a gender-view","volume":"47","author":"Muscogiuri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-021-00453-x","article-title":"Sex\/gender differences in obesity prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment","volume":"10","author":"Cooper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Obes. Rep."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.3945\/an.112.002063","article-title":"Global gender disparities in obesity: a review","volume":"3","author":"Kanter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1608","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2013.781011","article-title":"Bioavailability of micronutrients from plant foods: an update","volume":"56","author":"Platel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13092964","article-title":"Iron deficiency in vegetarian and omnivorous individuals: analysis of 1340 individuals","volume":"13","author":"Slywitch","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib143","article-title":"Gender differences in attitudes to vegans\/vegetarians and their food preferences, and their implications for promoting sustainable dietary patterns\u2013a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Modlinska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ. Food Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105475","article-title":"Gender differences in meat consumption and openness to vegetarianism","volume":"166","author":"Rosenfeld","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.2.347S","article-title":"Causes of iron and zinc deficiencies and their effects on brain","volume":"130","author":"Sandstead","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2007.04.006","article-title":"Acute inhibition of iron absorption by zinc","volume":"27","author":"Olivares","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10101483","article-title":"Micronutrient deficiencies, over- and undernutrition, and their contribution to anemia in azerbaijani preschool children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age","volume":"10","author":"Wirth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib148","article-title":"Association of zinc deficiency with iron deficiency anemia and its symptoms: results from a case-control study","volume":"11","author":"Abdo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cuureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"IFPRI, \"International Food Policy Research Institute. Global Nutrition Report 2016: From Promise to Impact: Ending Malnutrition by 2030.,\" INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE (IFPRI) Washington, D.C., 2016. [Online]. Available: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.2499\/9780896295841.","DOI":"10.2499\/9780896295841"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib150","unstructured":"W.H. Organization, \"Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity.,\" 2011. [Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/iris.who.int\/handle\/10665\/85839\u3009."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0136581","article-title":"Social Costs of Iron Deficiency Anemia in 6-59-Month-Old Children in India","volume":"10","author":"Plessow","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib152","unstructured":"WHO, \"The adolescent health indicators recommended by the Global Action for Measurement of Adolescent health Guidance for monitoring adolescent health at country, regional and global levels,\" 2024. [Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/376852\/9789240092198-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y\u3009."},{"issue":"10270","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32594-0","article-title":"Iron deficiency","volume":"397","author":"Pasricha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/81.5.1198","article-title":"Micronutrient deficiencies and gender: social and economic costs","volume":"81","author":"Darnton-Hill","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib155","first-page":"565","article-title":"Economic burden of anemia in an insured population","volume":"11","author":"Nissenson","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Manag Care Pharm."},{"issue":"2S-2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.2.649S","article-title":"A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children","volume":"131","author":"Grantham-McGregor","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-019-0733-2","article-title":"Economic burden of symptomatic iron deficiency - a survey among Swiss women","volume":"19","author":"Blank","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s. Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1159\/000371618","article-title":"The epidemiology of global micronutrient deficiencies","volume":"66","author":"Bailey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Nutr. Metab."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqac225","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of universal iron supplementation and iron-containing micronutrient powders for anemia among young children in rural Bangladesh: analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"116","author":"Akpan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hem3.108","article-title":"Recommendations for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia","volume":"8","author":"Iolascon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hemasphere"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.13546","article-title":"Screening and supplementation for iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy: updated evidence report and systematic review for the us preventive services task force","volume":"332","author":"Cantor","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.13750","article-title":"Community screening for iron deficiency in reproductive aged women: Lessons learnt from Australia","volume":"120","author":"MacLean","year":"2025","journal-title":"Vox Sang."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.12740","article-title":"Good clinical practice advice: Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy","volume":"144","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J. Gynaecol. Obstet."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e55","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000004477","article-title":"Anemia in Pregnancy: ACOG Practice Bulletin, Number 233","volume":"138","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib165","unstructured":"C.G. a P.A. Committee, \"Iron Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management,\" British Columbia Ministry of Health, Online, 2019. [Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/assets\/gov\/health\/practitioner-pro\/bc-guidelines\/full_guideline_-_iron_deficiency.pdf\u3009[Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/www2.gov.bc.ca\/gov\/content\/health\/practitioner-professional-resources\/bc-guidelines\/iron-deficiency\u3009."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2016.069","article-title":"Correcting iron deficiency","volume":"39","author":"Baird-Gunning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust. Prescr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2020.100865","article-title":"Oral iron supplementation in iron-deficient women: how much and how often?","author":"Stoffel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Asp. Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-020-01564-y","article-title":"A Review of Clinical Guidelines on the Management of Iron Deficiency and Iron-Deficiency Anemia in Women with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding","volume":"38","author":"Mansour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-3485.184823","article-title":"Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: Intention-to-treat versus per-protocol analysis","volume":"7","author":"Ranganathan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Perspect. Clin. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib170","year":"1989","journal-title":"Prev. Control. iron Defic. Anaemia Prim. Health care a Guide Health Adm. Program. Manag."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980015003572","article-title":"Predictors of micronutrient powder intake adherence in a pilot programme in Nepal","volume":"19","author":"Mirkovic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17468","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-44577-7","article-title":"Compliance to iron folic acid supplementation and its associated factors among pregnant women attending Antenatal clinic in Wondo district: a cross-sectional study","volume":"13","author":"Mengistu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-14-103","article-title":"A rapid, simple questionnaire to assess gastrointestinal symptoms after oral ferrous sulphate supplementation","volume":"14","author":"Pereira","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib174","article-title":"Daily oral iron supplementation during pregnancy","author":"Pe\u00f1a-Rosas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-05-642223","article-title":"Oral iron supplements increase hepcidin and decrease iron absorption from daily or twice-daily doses in iron-depleted young women","volume":"126","author":"Moretti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e524","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(17)30182-5","article-title":"Iron absorption from oral iron supplements given on consecutive versus alternate days and as single morning doses versus twice-daily split dosing in iron-depleted women: two open-label, randomised controlled trials","volume":"4","author":"Stoffel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2024.03.046","article-title":"AGA Clinical Practice Update on Management of Iron Deficiency Anemia: Expert Review","volume":"22","author":"DeLoughery","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.23110","article-title":"Targeting the hepcidin-ferroportin axis to develop new treatment strategies for anemia of chronic disease and anemia of inflammation","volume":"87","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2021.03.020","article-title":"Intravenous iron supplementation after liver surgery: Impact on anemia, iron, and hepcidin levels-a randomized controlled trial","volume":"170","author":"Assouline","year":"2021","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1159\/000486968","article-title":"Positive Iron Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease: How Much is Too Much and How to Tell?","volume":"47","author":"Wish","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Nephrol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-009-1075-4","article-title":"Tocilizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody, improved anemia in monkey arthritis by suppressing IL-6-induced hepcidin production","volume":"30","author":"Hashizume","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheuma Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib182","unstructured":"S. G, \u00d6. P, and G. A, \"Unequal, Unfair, Ineffective and Inefficient Gender Inequity in Health: Why it Exists and How We Can Change It. <em data-end=\"1675\" data-start=\"1640\">World Health Organization Report.,\" WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health, 2007. [Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/repositorio.cedes.org\/bitstream\/123456789\/4019\/1\/wgekn_final_report_07.pdf\u3009."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdnut.2023.100072","article-title":"A Cross-Sectional Study of the Associations between Biomarkers of Vitamin D, Iron Status, and Hemoglobin in South African Women of Reproductive Age: the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative, South Africa","volume":"7","author":"Soepnel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Dev. Nutr."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5071","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.8351","article-title":"What are the statistical implications of treatment non-compliance in cluster randomized trials: A simulation study","volume":"38","author":"Moerbeek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006589.pub2","article-title":"Oral iron supplementation for preventing or treating anaemia among children in malaria-endemic areas","author":"Ojukwu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/10408390600698262","article-title":"Food Fortification Strategy - Preventing Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Review","volume":"47","author":"Huma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3319","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-021-05184-4","article-title":"Iron nanoparticles as a promising compound for food fortification in iron deficiency anemia: a review","volume":"59","author":"Kumari","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1997","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.155135","article-title":"Iron Fortification of Whole Wheat Flour Reduces Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia and Increases Body Iron Stores in Indian School-Aged Children","volume":"142","author":"Muthayya","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041118","article-title":"Food Fortification: The Advantages, Disadvantages and Lessons from","volume":"13","author":"Olson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib190","unstructured":"G.D. Exchange. \"Canada Fortification dashboard.\" Global Fortification Data Exchange. https:\/\/fortificationdata.org\/country-fortification-dashboard\/?alpha3_code=CAN\u3008=en (accessed."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2009000600005","article-title":"Adherence and side effects of three ferrous sulfate treatment regimens on anemic pregnant women in clinical trials","volume":"25","author":"Souza","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cad. Saude Publica"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1301\/002966402320964061","article-title":"The usefulness of elemental iron for cereal flour fortification: a SUSTAIN Task Force report. Sharing United States Technology to Aid in the Improvement of Nutrition","volume":"60","author":"Hurrell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cofs.2021.12.007","article-title":"Iron compounds and their organoleptic properties in salt fortification with iron and iodine: an overview","volume":"43","author":"Vatandoust","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Food Sci."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11092050","article-title":"Taste Perception of Nutrients Found in Nutritional Supplements: A Review","volume":"11","author":"Delompr\u00e9","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxaa175","article-title":"Iron Fortification Practices and Implications for Iron Addition to Salt","volume":"151","author":"Hurrell","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.12968\/bjcn.2020.25.10.474","article-title":"Medication adherence: understanding the issues and finding solutions","volume":"25","author":"While","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Community Nurs."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-022-1819-3","article-title":"Factors Affecting Adherence, Intake, and Perceived Palatability of Oral Nutritional Supplements: A Literature Review","volume":"26","author":"Lester","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-021-04258-7","article-title":"Pregnant women's decision-making capacity and adherence to iron supplementation in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country analysis of 25 countries","volume":"21","author":"Zegeye","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13278","article-title":"High adherence and its influencing factors on multiple micronutrient powders (MNPs)","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2019.34.211.16446","article-title":"Assessment of adherence to iron supplementation among pregnant women in the Yaounde gynaeco-obstetric and paediatric hospital","volume":"34","author":"Fouelifack","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pan Afr. Med J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.152785","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of a reusable fish-shaped iron ingot to increase hemoglobin concentration in anemic, rural Cambodian women","volume":"106","author":"Rappaport","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13575","article-title":"Sensory evaluations of a novel iron and zinc-enriched powder for the potential treatment and prevention of iron deficiency in women of reproductive age","volume":"20","author":"Miller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05663-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of polysaccharide iron complex capsules compared with iron sucrose in hemodialysis patients: study protocol for a randomized, open-label, positive control, multicenter trial (IHOPE)","volume":"22","author":"Lu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684_bib204","unstructured":"N. a F.S.N. WHO, \"Global nutrition targets 2025: anaemia policy brief,\" in \"Global nutrition targets 2025: policy brief series,\" World Health Organization (WHO), Online, WHO\/NMH\/NHD\/14.4, 2014. [Online]. Available: \u3008https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-NMH-NHD-14.4\u3009."}],"container-title":["Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0946672X25000975?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0946672X25000975?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T07:16:18Z","timestamp":1753427778000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0946672X25000975"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"references-count":204,"alternative-id":["S0946672X25000975"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684","relation":{},"ISSN":["0946-672X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0946-672X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anaemia in women of reproductive age: Sex- and gender-based risk factors and inequities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2025.127684","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"127684"}}