{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T12:01:19Z","timestamp":1761566479725,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jto.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Thoracic Oncology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T20:08:07Z","timestamp":1637352487000},"page":"1984-1987","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Brain Metastasis From Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Strengthening the Evidence, a Call for Action"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Belda-Sanchis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Trujillo-Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Mart\u00ednez-T\u00e9llez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Cladellas-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2007.11.004","article-title":"Thymic epithelial tumours: a population-based study of the incidence, diagnostic procedures and therapy","volume":"44","author":"de Jong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)00555-1","article-title":"Therapy for thymic epithelial tumors: a clinical study of 1,320 patients from Japan","volume":"76","author":"Kondo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S260","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e3181f1f62d","article-title":"Epidemiology of thymoma and associated malignancies","volume":"5","author":"Engels","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0227197","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of thymoma, thymic carcinoma, and thymic neuroendocrine tumor in the United States","volume":"14","author":"Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000654","article-title":"The 2015 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the thymus: continuity and changes","volume":"10","author":"Marx","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib6","series-title":"World Health Organization Classification of Tumours. Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of the Lung, Pleura, Thymus and Heart","first-page":"183","article-title":"WHO histological classification of tumours of the thymus","author":"Travis","year":"2015"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S65","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000290","article-title":"The IASLC\/ITMIG thymic Epithelial Tumors Staging Project: proposal for an evidence-based stage classification system for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors","volume":"9","author":"Detterbeck","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S73","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000303","article-title":"The IASLC\/ITMIG thymic Epithelial Tumors Staging Project: proposals for the T Component for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors","volume":"9","author":"Nicholson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000291","article-title":"The IASLC\/ITMIG Thymic Epithelial Tumors Staging Project: proposals for the N and M components for the forthcoming (8th) edition of the TNM classification of malignant tumors","volume":"9","author":"Kondo","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Oncol"},{"issue":"suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1698","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821e7b12","article-title":"A\u00a0review of prognostic factors in thymic malignancies","volume":"6","author":"Detterbeck","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000482","article-title":"Modified Masaoka stage and size are independent prognostic predictors in thymoma and modified Masaoka stage is superior to histopathologic classifications","volume":"10","author":"Roden","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezt649","article-title":"Tumours of the thymus: a cohort study of prognostic factors from the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons database","volume":"46","author":"Ruffini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.08.008","article-title":"Central nervous system metastases in thymic epithelial tumors: a brief report of real-world insight from RYTHMIC","volume":"16","author":"Benitez","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2009.03.033","article-title":"Comparison of patterns of relapse in thymic carcinoma and thymoma","volume":"138","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2016.05.007","article-title":"Patterns of metastasis and recurrence in thymic epithelial tumours: longitudinal imaging review in correlation with histological subtypes","volume":"71","author":"Khandelwal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1309\/CAV8RNU5TKNACKNC","article-title":"Thymoma classification: current status and future trends","volume":"125","author":"Suster","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib18","first-page":"733","article-title":"Malignant thymoma with distant metastases: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"Ichino","year":"1983","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.5656","article-title":"Widespread metastases after resection of noninvasive thymoma","volume":"26","author":"Gamboa","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.21037\/tlcr.2017.08.06","article-title":"Thymic epithelial tumors and metastasis to the brain: a case series and systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Gharwan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transl Lung Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00443902","article-title":"Non-invasive thymoma with widespread blood-borne metastasis","volume":"390","author":"Yoshida","year":"1981","journal-title":"Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib22","first-page":"2727","volume":"60","author":"Lewis","year":"1987","journal-title":"Thymoma. A clinicopathologic review. Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066047","article-title":"A\u00a0gene signature to determine metastatic behavior in thymomas","volume":"8","author":"G\u00f6kmen-Polar","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07332-z","article-title":"Relationship of possible biomarkers with malignancy of thymic tumors: a meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1093\/ejcts\/ezs663","article-title":"Thymoma and the increased risk of developing extrathymic malignancies: a multicentre study","volume":"44","author":"Filosso","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.2217\/fon-2017-0626","article-title":"Changing pattern of secondary cancers among patients with malignant thymoma in the USA","volume":"14","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Future Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1177\/0218492318765872","article-title":"Second malignancy versus recurrence after complete resection of thymoma","volume":"26","author":"Hamaji","year":"2018","journal-title":"Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.07.001","article-title":"Metastatic thymic carcinoma presenting as a posterior fossa mass: case report and review of the literature","volume":"93","author":"Kosty","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1984.00350160117020","article-title":"Disorders of the thymus. A review","volume":"144","author":"Rosenow","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Thoracic Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1556086421032184?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1556086421032184?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T10:48:41Z","timestamp":1761562121000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1556086421032184"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S1556086421032184"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-0864"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1556-0864"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Brain Metastasis From Thymic Epithelial Tumors: Strengthening the Evidence, a Call for Action","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Thoracic Oncology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.09.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtho.2021.08.008","name":"associatedlink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to the associated document"},{"value":"simple-article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}