{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T10:54:04Z","timestamp":1782903244804,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jurology.com","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Urology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,14]],"date-time":"2016-02-14T06:07:36Z","timestamp":1455430056000},"page":"422-428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections Due to Bacterial Persistence or Reinfection in Women\u2014Does This Factor Impact Upper Tract Imaging Findings?"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"196","author":[{"given":"Yuefeng (Rose)","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren L.","family":"Rego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alana L.","family":"Christie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca S.","family":"Lavelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feras","family":"Alhalabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe E.","family":"Zimmern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib1","series-title":"Campbell-Walsh Urology, 11th ed","article-title":"Infections of the urinary tract","author":"Schaeffer","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib2","series-title":"Smith and Tanagho's General Urology, 18th ed","article-title":"Bacterial infections of the genitourinary tract","author":"Nguyen","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib3","series-title":"Campbell-Walsh Urology, 10th ed","article-title":"Infections of the urinary tract","author":"Schaeffer","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.687","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of recurrent urinary tract infection in women","volume":"5","author":"Dason","year":"2011","journal-title":"Can Urol Assoc J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib5","first-page":"CD001209","article-title":"Antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in non-pregnant women","author":"Albert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-014-2569-5","article-title":"Recurrent urinary tract infections in women","volume":"26","author":"Aydin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Urogynecol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urols.2015.08.005","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of fulguration of trigonitis for recurrent urinary tract infections in women","volume":"26","author":"Hussain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Urol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)69738-6","article-title":"Epithelium of vaginal type in the female trigone; the clinical problem of trigonitis","volume":"57","author":"Cifuentes","year":"1947","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-4065.59333","article-title":"Approach to urinary tract infections","volume":"19","author":"Najar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2042.2006.01316.x","article-title":"Cystoscopy in women with recurrent urinary tract infection","volume":"13","author":"Lawrentschuk","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.04.096","article-title":"Does stone removal help patients with recurrent urinary tract infections?","volume":"194","author":"Omar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.36.2.219","article-title":"Serological characterization of Escherichia coli. Study in acute and recurrent urinary tract infections in infants and children","volume":"36","author":"Pryles","year":"1965","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.5493.952","article-title":"Recurrent infection of the urinary tract: reinfection or recrudescence?","volume":"1","author":"McGeachie","year":"1966","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib14","first-page":"318","article-title":"Urinary Escherichia coli causing recurrent infections\u2014a prospective follow-up of biochemical phenotypes","volume":"38","author":"Brauner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.1.91","article-title":"Recurrence of urinary tract infection in a primary care setting: analysis of a 1 year followup of 179 women","volume":"22","author":"Ikaheimo","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.2.440","article-title":"Chromosomal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of Escherichia coli strains causing recurrent urinary tract infections in young women","volume":"172","author":"Russo","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/172.6.1536","article-title":"Virulence characteristics of Escherichia coli causing first urinary tract infection predict risk of second infection","volume":"172","author":"Foxman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a010170","article-title":"Risk\u00a0factors for second urinary tract infection among college women","volume":"151","author":"Foxman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1080\/003655400458767","article-title":"Recurrence of Urinary tract infections in adult patients with community-acquired pyelonephritis caused by E. coli: a 1-year follow-up","volume":"32","author":"Karkkainen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1086\/338771","article-title":"Recurrent urinary tract infections in infancy: relapses or reinfections?","volume":"185","author":"Jantunen","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.44.5.1776-1781.2006","article-title":"Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing of Escherichia coli strains from samples collected before and after pivmecillinam or placebo treatment of uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infection in women","volume":"44","author":"Ejrnaes","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01419-08","article-title":"Persistence of Escherichia coli clones and phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance in recurrent urinary tract infections in childhood","volume":"47","author":"Koljalg","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1086\/600385","article-title":"Prospective cohort study of microbial and inflammatory events immediately preceding Escherichia coli recurrent urinary tract infection in women","volume":"200","author":"Czaja","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.026963-0","article-title":"Persisting clones of Escherichia coli isolates from recurrent urinary tract infection in\u00a0men and women","volume":"60","author":"Skjot-Rasmussen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4002","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02086-12","article-title":"Similarity and divergence of phylogenies, antimicrobial susceptibilities, and virulence factor profiles of Escherichia coli isolates causing recurrent urinary tract infections that persist or result from reinfection","volume":"50","author":"Luo","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12167","article-title":"The Escherichia coli phylogenetic group B2 with integrons prevails in childhood recurrent urinary tract infections","volume":"122","author":"Koljalg","year":"2014","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)55849-8","article-title":"The role of excretory urography and cystoscopy in the evaluation and management of women with recurrent urinary tract infection","volume":"123","author":"Engel","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)52918-3","article-title":"Radiographic studies for women with recurrent urinary tract infections","volume":"128","author":"Fairchild","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3109\/02813439008994936","article-title":"Intravenous urography versus ultrasonography in evaluation of women with recurrent urinary tract infection","volume":"8","author":"Aslaksen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Scand J Prim Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(01)00971-2","article-title":"Evaluation of the diagnostic workup in young women referred for recurrent lower urinary tract infection","volume":"57","author":"van Haarst","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Urol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022534716003220?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0022534716003220?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jurology.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,4]],"date-time":"2022-06-04T03:27:28Z","timestamp":1654313248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jurology.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-5347","1527-3792"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-5347","type":"print"},{"value":"1527-3792","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections Due to Bacterial Persistence or Reinfection in Women\u2014Does This Factor Impact Upper Tract Imaging Findings?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Journal of Urology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.juro.2016.01.111","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 by AMERICAN UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION EDUCATION AND RESEARCH, INC.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}