{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T00:59:07Z","timestamp":1792803547787,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675209600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016512","name":"Center for Companion Animal Health, University of California, Davis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007825","name":"American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009751","name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,14]],"date-time":"2022-12-14T11:34:01Z","timestamp":1671017641000},"page":"27-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Echocardiographic evaluation of regurgitant fraction in dogs with subclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease: Method comparison, effects of pimobendan, and reproducibility"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1779-4244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R.E.","family":"Ellis-Reis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3563-0737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.C.","family":"Visser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2972-0760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W.","family":"Hsue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.N.","family":"Sharpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.L.","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15488","article-title":"ACVIM consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs","volume":"33","author":"Keene","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.01.007","article-title":"Recommendations for noninvasive evaluation of native valvular regurgitation: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography developed in collaboration with the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance","volume":"30","author":"Zoghbi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2011.08.003","article-title":"Proximal isovelocity surface area variability during systole in dogs with mitral valve prolapse","volume":"13","author":"Paiva","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0239.x","article-title":"Effect of pimobendan on echocardiographic values in dogs with asymptomatic mitral valve disease","volume":"23","author":"Ouellet","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.231.3.399","article-title":"Quantification of mitral valve regurgitation in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease by use of the proximal isovelocity surface area method","volume":"231","author":"Gouni","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2003.tb01327.x","article-title":"Regurgitant fraction measured by using the proximal isovelocity surface area method in dogs with chronic myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"17","author":"Kittleson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12410","article-title":"Assessment of mitral regurgitation in dogs: comparison of results of echocardiography with magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"56","author":"Sargent","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.62.109","article-title":"Examination of quantitative analysis and measurement of the regurgitation rate in mitral valve regurgitation by the \u201cproximal isovelocity surface area\u201d method","volume":"62","author":"Doiguchi","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15461","article-title":"Echocardiographic indices and severity of mitral regurgitation in dogs with preclinical degenerative mitral valve disease","volume":"33","author":"Larouche-Lebel \u00c9","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0097.x","article-title":"Comparison of 3 ultrasound methods for quantifying left ventricular systolic function: correlation with disease severity and prognostic value in dogs with mitral valve disease","volume":"22","author":"Serres","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2010.0596.x","article-title":"Comparisons of 3-, 2-dimensional, and M-mode echocardiographical methods for estimation of left chamber volumes in dogs with and without acquired heart disease","volume":"24","author":"Tidholm","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.74.9.1223","article-title":"Assessment of left ventricular volumes by use of one-, two-, and three-dimensional echocardiography versus magnetic resonance imaging in healthy dogs","volume":"74","author":"Meyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14586","article-title":"Effect of pimobendan in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease and cardiomegaly: the EPIC study-A randomized clinical trial","volume":"30","author":"Boswood","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14885","article-title":"Longitudinal analysis of quality of life, clinical, radiographic, echocardiographic, and laboratory variables in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease receiving pimobendan or placebo: the EPIC study","volume":"32","author":"Boswood","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12217","article-title":"Short-term hemodynamic and neuroendocrine effects of pimobendan and benazapril in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and congestive heart failure","volume":"27","author":"H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.5326\/0420249","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of pimobendan versus benazepril for the treatment of acquired atrioventricular valvular disease in dogs","volume":"42","author":"Lombard","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.69.373","article-title":"Effects of pimobendan for mitral valve regurgitation in dogs","volume":"69","author":"Kanno","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15725","article-title":"ACVIM consensus statement guidelines for the diagnosis, classification, treatment, and monitoring of pulmonary hypertension in dogs","volume":"34","author":"Reinero","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15850","article-title":"Reproducibility of echocardiographic indices of left atrial size in dogs with subclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"34","author":"Hsue","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1993.tb01015.x","article-title":"Recommendations for standards in transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography in the dog and cat. Echocardiography committee of the specialty of cardiology, American College of veterinary internal medicine","volume":"7","author":"Thomas","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15562","article-title":"Echocardiographic quantitation of left heart size and function in 122 healthy dogs: a prospective study proposing reference intervals and assessing repeatability","volume":"33","author":"Visser","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2018.07.008","article-title":"Two-dimensional, long-axis echocardiographic ratios for assessment of left atrial and ventricular size in dogs","volume":"20","author":"Strohm","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2002.tb01051.x","article-title":"Left atrial to aortic root indices using two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography in cavalier King Charles spaniels with and without left atrial enlargement","volume":"43","author":"Hansson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Radiol Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.2009.00803.x","article-title":"Can ventricular function be assessed by echocardiography in chronic canine mitral valve disease?","volume":"50","author":"Bonagura","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2021.04.009","article-title":"The predictive value of clinical, radiographic, echocardiographic variables and cardiac biomarkers for assessing risk of the onset of heart failure or cardiac death in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease enrolled in the DELAY study","volume":"36","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00860.x","article-title":"Survival characteristics and prognostic variables of dogs with preclinical chronic degenerative mitral valve disease attributable to myxomatous degeneration","volume":"26","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.0008.x","article-title":"Survival characteristics and prognostic variables of dogs with mitral regurgitation attributable to myxomatous valve disease","volume":"22","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15093","article-title":"Prognostic value of echocardiographic indices of left atrial morphology and function in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"32","author":"Baron Toaldo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2014.11.001","article-title":"Echocardiographic predictors of survival in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"17","author":"Sargent","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib30","first-page":"311","article-title":"Allometric scaling of M-mode cardiac measurements in normal adult dogs","volume":"18","author":"Cornell","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2019.08.015","article-title":"A practical guide to assess the reproducibility of echocardiographic measurements","volume":"32","author":"Bunting","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1159","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000503","article-title":"2017 AHA\/ACC Focused Update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC Guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"135","author":"Nishimura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.60.1.170","article-title":"Dynamic aspects of acute mitral regurgitation: effects of ventricular volume, pressure and contractility on the effective regurgitant orifice area","volume":"60","author":"Yoran","year":"1979","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.56.1.106","article-title":"The effects of left ventricular load and contractility on mitral regurgitant orifice size and flow in the dog","volume":"56","author":"Borgenhagen","year":"1977","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0150.x","article-title":"Effect of pimobendan or benazepril hydrochloride on survival times in dogs with congestive heart failure caused by naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease: the QUEST study","volume":"22","author":"H\u00e4ggstr\u00f6m","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2021.08.004","article-title":"Echocardiographic assessment of dilated cardiomyopathy in dogs","volume":"40","author":"Bonagura","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2020.06.004","article-title":"Reproducibility of geometric and flow-based echocardiographic measurements used for quantification of left ventricular total and forward stroke volume in healthy dogs","volume":"30","author":"Loughran","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.77.11.1211","article-title":"Assessment of left ventricular volume and function in healthy dogs by use of one-, two-, and three-dimensional echocardiography versus multidetector computed tomography","volume":"77","author":"Scollan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1760273422001217?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1760273422001217?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T02:39:43Z","timestamp":1761705583000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1760273422001217"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["S1760273422001217"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1760-2734"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1760-2734","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Echocardiographic evaluation of regurgitant fraction in dogs with subclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease: Method comparison, effects of pimobendan, and reproducibility","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}