{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T13:13:31Z","timestamp":1789132411913,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T00:17:38Z","timestamp":1769041058000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The mitral-to-aortic velocity-time integral ratio used to estimate regurgitant fraction in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease: a retrospective observational study of 1,109 echocardiographic examinations"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3385-3822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Crosara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6515-5060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Oricco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Poggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Apolloni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0390-1771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Quintavalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.0008.x","article-title":"Survival characteristics and prognostic variables of dogs with mitral regurgitation attributable to myxomatous valve disease","volume":"22","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2011.00860.x","article-title":"Survival characteristics and prognostic variables of dogs with preclinical chronic degenerative mitral valve disease attributable to myxomatous degeneration","volume":"26","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2012.01.009","article-title":"Selected echocardiographic variables change more rapidly in dogs that die from myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"14","author":"Hezzell","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2014.11.001","article-title":"Echocardiographic predictors of survival in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"17","author":"Sargent","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2016.08.006","article-title":"Left atrial volume and function in dogs with naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"19","author":"Hollmer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14759","article-title":"Mitral regurgitation severity and left ventricular systolic dimension predict survival in young Cavalier King Charles spaniel","volume":"31","author":"Reimann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15093","article-title":"Prognostic value of echocardiographic indices of left atrial morphology and function in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"32","author":"Baron Toaldo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2020.105518","article-title":"Echocardiographic parameters for the assessment of congestive heart failure in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease and moderate to severe mitral regurgitation","volume":"263","author":"Morgan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2021.04.009","article-title":"The predictive value of clinical, radiographic, echocardiographic variables and cardiac biomarkers for assessing risk of the onset of heart failure or cardiac death in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease enrolled in the DELAY study","volume":"36","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0150.x","article-title":"Effect of pimobendan or benazepril hydrochloride on survival times in dogs with congestive heart failure caused by naturally occurring myxomatous mitral valve disease: the QUEST study","volume":"22","author":"Haggstrom","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2020.11.005","article-title":"Predictors of reoccurrence of congestive signs within 180 days after successful treatment of the first episode of congestive heart failure in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease","volume":"34","author":"Franchini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2017.01.007","article-title":"Recommendations for noninvasive evaluation of native valvular regurgitation: a report from the American Society of echocardiography developed in Collaboration with the Society for cardiovascular magnetic resonance","volume":"30","author":"Zoghbi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1093\/ejechocard\/jeq031","article-title":"European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for the assessment of valvular regurgitation. Part 2: mitral and tricuspid regurgitation (native valve disease)","volume":"11","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/joic.12401","article-title":"The mitral-to-aortic flow-velocity integral ratio in the real world echocardiographic evaluation of functional mitral regurgitation before and after percutaneous repair","volume":"30","author":"Palmiero","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Intervent Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2459","DOI":"10.1007\/s10554-024-03249-x","article-title":"The mitral to aortic\/pulmonary velocity-time integral ratio is a simple, feasible and accurate discriminator for echocardiographic evaluation of severe isolated mitral regurgitation","volume":"40","author":"Nerlekar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Cardiovasc Imag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1016\/S0894-7317(03)00004-X","article-title":"Usefulness of the mitral\/aortic flow velocity integral ratio as a screening method to identify patients with hemodynamically significant mitral regurgitation","volume":"16","author":"Ascione","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Soc Echocardiogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15488","article-title":"ACVIM consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs","volume":"33","author":"Keene","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.16131","article-title":"The mitral INsufficiency Echocardiographic score: a severity classification of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs","volume":"35","author":"Vezzosi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1993.tb01015.x","article-title":"Recommendations for standards in transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography in the dog and cat. Echocardiography Committee of the Specialty of Cardiology, American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine","volume":"7","author":"Thomas","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1909","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.15562","article-title":"Echocardiographic quantitation of left heart size and function in 122 healthy dogs: a prospective study proposing reference intervals and assessing repeatability","volume":"33","author":"Visser","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2013.05.045","article-title":"Left atrial volume and phasic function in clinically healthy dogs of 12 different breeds","volume":"197","author":"Hollmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02496.x","article-title":"M-mode echocardiographic ratio indices in normal dogs, cats, and horses: a novel quantitative method","volume":"17","author":"Brown","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2018.07.008","article-title":"Two-dimensional, long-axis echocardiographic ratios for assessment of left atrial and ventricular size in dogs","volume":"20","author":"Strohm","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a060390","article-title":"Mitral to aortic velocity-time integral ratio. A non-geometric pulsed-Doppler regurgitant index in isolated pure mitral regurgitation","volume":"15","author":"Tribouilloy","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjem.2018.08.001","article-title":"User's guide to correlation coefficients","volume":"18","author":"Akoglu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk J Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2025.01.002","article-title":"Quantitative methods for evaluation of mitral regurgitation severity in canine degenerative mitral valve disease","volume":"58","author":"Del Nero","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1159","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000503","article-title":"2017 AHA\/ACC focused update of the 2014 AHA\/ACC Guideline for the management of patients with valvular heart disease: a report of the American college of Cardiology\/American heart Association task force on clinical practice Guidelines","volume":"135","author":"Nishimura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib28","series-title":"Applied logistic regression","author":"Hosmer","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/jsap.12410","article-title":"Assessment of mitral regurgitation in dogs: comparison of results of echocardiography with magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"56","author":"Sargent","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib30","article-title":"Echocardiography vs. CMR in the quantification of chronic mitral regurgitation: a happy marriage or stormy divorce?","volume":"10","author":"Baessato","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Dev Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jet105","article-title":"Recommendations for the echocardiographic assessment of native valvular regurgitation: an executive summary from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging","volume":"14","author":"Lancellotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12137","article-title":"Serum serotonin concentration is associated with severity of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs","volume":"27","author":"Ljungvall","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12380","article-title":"Assessment of mitral regurgitation severity by Doppler color flow mapping of the vena contracta in dogs","volume":"28","author":"Di Marcello","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.231.3.399","article-title":"Quantification of mitral valve regurgitation in dogs with degenerative mitral valve disease by use of the proximal isovelocity surface area method","volume":"231","author":"Gouni","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3016","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.17205","article-title":"Observed and expected reliability of echocardiographic volumetric methods and critical change values for quantification of mitral regurgitant fraction in dogs","volume":"38","author":"Loughran","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2024.10.008","article-title":"Echocardiographic estimates of stroke volume in healthy dogs: comparability, reference intervals, and reproducibility","volume":"57","author":"Davis","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2008.0121.x","article-title":"Echocardiographic ratio indices in overtly healthy Boxer dogs screened for heart disease","volume":"22","author":"Cunningham","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.14586","article-title":"Effect of Pimobendan in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease and Cardiomegaly: the EPIC Study-A randomized clinical trial","volume":"30","author":"Boswood","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2019.12.002","article-title":"DELay of appearance of sYmptoms of canine degenerative mitral valve disease treated with spironolactone and Benazepril: the DELAY Study","volume":"27","author":"Borgarelli","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2024.105428","article-title":"Left atrial volume and function in Cavalier King Charles spaniels at different ACVIM stages","volume":"180","author":"Savarino","year":"2024","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2023.04.003","article-title":"Proposed limits for ordinal echocardiographic estimates of left atrial enlargement in dogs","volume":"47","author":"Rishniw","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1111\/jvim.12410","article-title":"Discrepancies in identification of left atrial enlargement using left atrial volume versus left atrial-to-aortic root ratio in dogs","volume":"28","author":"Wesselowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2016.02.001","article-title":"Comparison of four echocardiographic methods to determine left atrial size in dogs","volume":"18","author":"Hollmer","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvc.2022.12.002","article-title":"Echocardiographic evaluation of regurgitant fraction in dogs with subclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease: method comparison, effects of pimobendan, and reproducibility","volume":"45","author":"Ellis-Reis","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vet Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Veterinary Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1760273426000056?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1760273426000056?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T21:17:30Z","timestamp":1770844650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1760273426000056"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S1760273426000056"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1760-2734"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1760-2734","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The mitral-to-aortic velocity-time integral ratio used to estimate regurgitant fraction in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease: a retrospective observational study of 1,109 echocardiographic examinations","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Veterinary Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvc.2026.01.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}