{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:54:39Z","timestamp":1791323679040,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jvir.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T23:29:00Z","timestamp":1783380540000},"page":"108946","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Multicenter Randomized Trial Evaluating the Safety and Effectiveness of the Instylla Hydrogel Embolic System for Vascular Occlusion of Hypervascular Tumors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6163-8524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadine","family":"Abi-Jaoudeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7040-376X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Tahour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Novelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Resmi","family":"Charalel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Nadolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgar","family":"St. Amour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1085930","article-title":"An overview of embolic agents","volume":"25","author":"Vaidya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28453","article-title":"Lipiodol transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review of efficacy and safety data","volume":"64","author":"Lencioni","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1670","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.220022","article-title":"Local-regional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: a primer for radiologists","volume":"42","author":"Horvat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2011.11.029","article-title":"Quality improvement guidelines for transhepatic arterial chemoembolization, embolization, and chemotherapeutic infusion for hepatic malignancy","volume":"23","author":"Brown","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.64.0821","article-title":"Randomized trial of hepatic artery embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma using doxorubicin-eluting microspheres compared with embolization with microspheres alone","volume":"34","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2022.2157519","article-title":"Impact of particle size of multivesicular liposomes on the embolic and therapeutic effects in rabbit VX2 liver tumor","volume":"30","author":"Tang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.2147\/JHC.S319920","article-title":"Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: recommended selection for small-caliber (<100 \u03bcm) beads","volume":"8","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hepatocell Carcinoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2011.10.019","article-title":"Radiopaque drug-eluting beads for transcatheter embolotherapy: experimental study of drug penetration and coverage in swine","volume":"23","author":"Dreher","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2015.06.011","article-title":"Direct quantification and comparison of intratumoral hypoxia following transcatheter arterial embolization of VX2 liver tumors with different diameter microspheres","volume":"26","author":"Levy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2024.12.004","article-title":"Comparison of liquid with particle embolics in a translational rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma: histologic and radiographic responses","volume":"36","author":"Gurevich","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4320","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10194320","article-title":"Endovascular use of cyanoacrylate-lipiodol mixture for peripheral embolization: properties, techniques, pitfalls, and applications","volume":"10","author":"Comby","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59040710","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer-based non-adhesive liquid embolic agents (NALEAs) in transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of acute non-neurovascular bleeding: a multicenter retrospective cohort study","volume":"59","author":"Minici","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina (Kaunas)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2024.11.005","article-title":"The LAVA study: a prospective, multicenter, single-arm study of a liquid embolic system for treatment of peripheral arterial hemorrhage","volume":"36","author":"Arslan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2021.02.018","article-title":"A water-based liquid embolic: evaluation of its safety and efficacy in a rabbit kidney model","volume":"32","author":"Ganguli","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2022.02.021","article-title":"A pilot first-in-human study of embrace, a polyethylene glycol-based liquid embolic agent, in the embolization of malignant and benign hypervascular tumors","volume":"33","author":"Goh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib16","series-title":"Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2017.06.019","article-title":"Proposal of a new adverse event classification by the Society of Interventional Radiology Standards of Practice Committee","volume":"28","author":"Khalilzadeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2008.02.013","article-title":"Transcatheter arterial embolization with only particles for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"19","author":"Maluccio","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-024-03282-z","article-title":"Embolization alone is as effective as TACE for unresectable HCC: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trails","volume":"24","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4103\/ua.ua_114_23","article-title":"Survival rate comparisons of angioembolization and neoadjuvant targeted therapy on unresectable renal cell carcinoma patients: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Muhammad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urol Ann"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hpb.2018.12.014","article-title":"Radioembolisation with 90Y microspheres for neuroendocrine liver metastases: an institutional case series, systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Frilling","year":"2019","journal-title":"HPB (Oxford)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1363845","article-title":"Role of embolization in the treatment of renal masses","volume":"31","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Semin Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-019-02229-2","article-title":"Incidence and consequence of nontarget embolization following bland hepatic arterial embolization","volume":"42","author":"Newgard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.21037\/cco-24-27","article-title":"Combination makes strength: a narrative review of transarterial radioembolization plus immune checkpoint inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib25","first-page":"480","article-title":"Role of transarterial chemoembolization in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"11","author":"Zhong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Transl Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.01.012","article-title":"Sorafenib or placebo plus TACE with doxorubicin-eluting beads for intermediate stage HCC: the SPACE trial","volume":"64","author":"Lencioni","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.06.008","article-title":"Evidence-based management of hepatocellular carcinoma: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2002-2020)","volume":"161","author":"Haber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3340","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-022-05774-0","article-title":"A global evaluation of advanced dosimetry in transarterial radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma with Yttrium-90: the TARGET study","volume":"49","author":"Lam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1051044326009577?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1051044326009577?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T21:48:07Z","timestamp":1791323287000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1051044326009577"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1051044326009577"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946","relation":{},"ISSN":["1051-0443"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1051-0443","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Multicenter Randomized Trial Evaluating the Safety and Effectiveness of the Instylla Hydrogel Embolic System for Vascular Occlusion of Hypervascular Tumors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvir.2026.108946","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 SIR 2026 Published by Elsevier, Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108946"}}