{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T03:53:19Z","timestamp":1780717999806,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,1]],"date-time":"2019-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572566400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009837","name":"Canadian Food Inspection Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Virological Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,9]],"date-time":"2019-08-09T01:58:20Z","timestamp":1565315900000},"page":"113713","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Rapid identification of the raccoon rabies virus variant using a real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"273","author":[{"given":"S.A.","family":"Nadin-Davis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354918810776","article-title":"Clarifying indeterminate results on the rabies direct fluorescent antibody test using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction","volume":"134","author":"Appler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Public Health Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3153","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.81223-0","article-title":"Antigenic and genetic characterization of rabies viruses isolated from domestic and wild animals of Brazil identifies the hoary fox as a rabies reservoir","volume":"86","author":"Bernardi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2013.02.008","article-title":"Genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of skunk-associated rabies viruses in North America with special emphasis on the central plains","volume":"174","author":"Davis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0020","series-title":"Laboratory Techniques in Rabies","first-page":"88","article-title":"The fluorescent antibody test","author":"Dean","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01227-15","article-title":"Comparison of automated quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and direct fluorescent-antibody detection for routine rabies diagnosis in the United States","volume":"53","author":"Dupuis","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0030","first-page":"359","article-title":"Cross-Canada disease report","volume":"49","author":"Fehlner-Gardiner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-44.1.71","article-title":"ERA vaccine-derived cases of rabies in wildlife and domestic animals in Ontario, Canada, 1989-2004","volume":"44","author":"Fehlner-Gardiner","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0040","series-title":"Revue Scientifique Et Technique De L\u2019Office International Des Epizooties","first-page":"359","article-title":"Rabies diagnosis and surveillance in animals in the era of rabies elimination","author":"Franka","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6750a3","article-title":"Rabies in a dog imported from Egypt - Connecticut, 2017","volume":"67","author":"Hercules","year":"2018","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rev."},{"issue":"Supplement 4","key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S620","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/10.Supplement_4.S620","article-title":"Ecology and epidemiology of raccoon rabies","volume":"10","author":"Jenkins","year":"1988","journal-title":"Rev. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.14745\/ccdr.v44i05a05","article-title":"Raccoon rabies outbreak in Hamilton, Ontario: a progress report","volume":"44","author":"Lobo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Canada Commun. Dis. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.253.12.1555","article-title":"Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2017","volume":"253","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.248.7.777","article-title":"Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2014","volume":"248","author":"Monroe","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005541","article-title":"The phylogeography of Myotis bat-associated rabies viruses across Canada","volume":"11","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0075","series-title":"Rabies: Scientific Basis of the Disease and its Management","first-page":"123","article-title":"Molecular epidemiology","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2002.1492","article-title":"Lyssavirus P gene characterisation provides insights into the phylogeny of the genus and identifies structural similarities and diversity within the encoded phosphoprotein","volume":"298","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-74-5-829","article-title":"Identification of regional variants of the rabies virus within the Canadian province of Ontario","volume":"74","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.02.007","article-title":"Application of high-throughput sequencing to whole rabies viral genome characterisation and its use for re-evaluation of a raccoon strain incursion into the province of Ontario","volume":"232","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-294X.2010.04630.x","article-title":"Spatial and temporal dynamics of rabies virus variants in big brown bat populations across Canada: footprints of an emerging zoonosis","volume":"19","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Ecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268818001759","article-title":"Geography but not alternative host species explain the spread of raccoon rabies in Vermont","volume":"146","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1702(00)00259-8","article-title":"Antigenic and genetic divergence of rabies viruses from bat species indigenous to Canada","volume":"74","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-0934(95)01978-2","article-title":"The design of strain-specific polymerase chain reactions for discrimination of the raccoon rabies virus strain from indigenous rabies viruses of Ontario","volume":"57","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2005.10.006","article-title":"The molecular epidemiology of rabies associated with chiropteran hosts in Mexico","volume":"117","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268805005108","article-title":"A molecular epidemiological analysis of the incursion of the raccoon strain of rabies virus into Canada","volume":"134","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1484","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21547","article-title":"Development of real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction methods for human rabies diagnosis","volume":"81","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026880300863X","article-title":"Molecular and antigenic characterization of rabies viruses from Iran identifies variants with distinct epidemiological origins","volume":"131","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268806006297","article-title":"A molecular epidemiological study of rabies in Cuba","volume":"134","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1301.060702","article-title":"Emergence of arctic-like rabies lineage in India","volume":"13","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"131","key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2007.08.002","article-title":"A molecular epidemiological study of rabies in Puerto Rico","volume":"2008","author":"Nadin-Davis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1002\/jwmg.178","article-title":"Targeted surveillance of raccoon rabies in Quebec, Canada","volume":"75","author":"Rees","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2207.151733","article-title":"Travel-associated rabies in pets and residual rabies risk, western Europe","volume":"22","author":"Ribadeau-Dumas","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-45.3.772","article-title":"The control of raccoon rabies in Ontario, Canada: proactive and reactive tactics, 1994-2007","volume":"45","author":"Rosatte","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Wildl. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2011.04.009","article-title":"Re-assessment of direct fluorescent antibody negative brain tissues with a real-time PCR assay to detect the presence of raccoon rabies virus RNA","volume":"174","author":"Szanto","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2731","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msr121","article-title":"MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods","volume":"28","author":"Tamura","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2309.170325","article-title":"Phylogeographic analysis of rabies virus incursions across US-Canada border","volume":"23","author":"Trewby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0180","first-page":"31","article-title":"Update: raccoon rabies epizootic -- United States and Canada, 1999","volume":"49","author":"Wandeler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0185","first-page":"731","article-title":"Raccoon rabies in eastern Ontario","volume":"40","author":"Wandeler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Can. Vet. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713_bib0190","series-title":"WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies: Third Report","first-page":"21","article-title":"Diagnosis","author":"WHO","year":"2018"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virological Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016609341930182X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016609341930182X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T10:51:27Z","timestamp":1759056687000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016609341930182X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S016609341930182X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713","relation":{},"ISSN":["0166-0934"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0166-0934","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Rapid identification of the raccoon rabies virus variant using a real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Virological Methods","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jviromet.2019.113713","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"113713"}}