{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:37:42Z","timestamp":1777621062195,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]],"date-time":"2014-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1398902400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Voice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,22]],"date-time":"2014-01-22T18:46:22Z","timestamp":1390416382000},"page":"274-281","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Fundamental Frequency Changes of Persian Speakers Across the Life Span"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Majid","family":"Soltani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Ashayeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yahya","family":"Modarresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahyar","family":"Salavati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Ghomashchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib1","series-title":"Vocal Health and Pedagogy: Science and assessment","first-page":"183","article-title":"The clinical voice laboratory","author":"Heuer","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib2","series-title":"A Course in Phonetics","author":"Ladefoged","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2009.03.001","article-title":"Age-related changes in acoustic characteristics of adult speech","volume":"42","author":"Torre","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Commun Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib4","series-title":"Voice science","first-page":"153","article-title":"An overview of laryngeal function for voice production","author":"Baken","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2008.01.005","article-title":"Fundamental frequency characteristics of Jordanian Arabic speakers","volume":"23","author":"Natour","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2008.07.005","article-title":"Objective voice analysis of Iranian speakers with normal voices","volume":"24","author":"Dehqan","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e3180306da1","article-title":"Epidemiology of voice disorders in the elderly: preliminary findings","volume":"117","author":"Roy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib8","first-page":"57","article-title":"The profile of fundamental frequency changes in normal Persian-speaking individuals 9-50 years old","volume":"19","author":"Ghorbani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Audiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib9","series-title":"Clinical Measurement of Speech and Voice","author":"Baken","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcomdis.2005.11.005","article-title":"Acoustic-perceptual correlates of voice quality in elderly men and women","volume":"39","author":"Gorham-Rowan","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Commun Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib11","series-title":"Clinical Voice Disorders","author":"Aronson","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib12","series-title":"The Voice and Voice Therapy","author":"Boone","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.1501.155","article-title":"Speaking fundamental frequency and chronologic age in males","volume":"15","author":"Hollien","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1044\/1092-4388(2010\/10-0036)","article-title":"Changes in acoustic characteristics of the voice across the life span: measures from individuals 4\u201393 years of age","volume":"54","author":"Stathopoulos","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib15","first-page":"310","article-title":"Speaking fundamental frequency characteristics as a function of age and professional singing","volume":"5","author":"Brown","year":"1991","journal-title":"J\u00a0Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.20009","article-title":"Development of functional synergies for speech motor coordination in childhood and adolescence","volume":"45","author":"Smith","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib17","first-page":"93","article-title":"Use of question words in two Persian speaking children`s speech from 12 to 36 months","volume":"19","author":"Jalilevand","year":"2010","journal-title":"Audiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.3701.55","article-title":"When are speech sounds learned?","volume":"37","author":"Sander","year":"1972","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib19","series-title":"Anthropometry of the Head and Face","author":"Farkas","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib20","first-page":"424","article-title":"Sex hormones and the female voice","volume":"13","author":"Abitbol","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2503.446","article-title":"Growth of the human prepubertal and pubertal larynx","volume":"25","author":"Kahane","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(97)80036-7","article-title":"Aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics of the adult African American voice","volume":"11","author":"Sapienza","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2307\/1125608","article-title":"An acoustical study of vocal pitch in seven-and eight-year-old girls","volume":"20","author":"Fairbanks","year":"1949","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.2307\/1125607","article-title":"An acoustical study of vocal pitch in seven-and eight-year-old boys","volume":"20","author":"Fairbanks","year":"1949","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib25","unstructured":"Boersma P, Weenink D. Praat Manual: Doing Phonetics by Computer. 5.1.17 2009. [Computer program] Available at: http:\/\/www.fon.hum.uva.nl\/praat\/download_win.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib26","unstructured":"Boersma P, ed. Accurate short-term analysis of the fundamental frequency and the harmonics-to-noise ratio of a sampled sound. Proceedings of the institute of phonetic sciences. Amsterdam, The Netherlands:\u00a01993."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(89)80138-9","article-title":"Vibratory characteristics of the vocal folds in young adult and geriatric women","volume":"3","author":"Biever","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(88)80023-7","article-title":"Acoustic characteristics of children's voice","volume":"2","author":"Glaze","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(05)80306-6","article-title":"Articulatory, developmental, and gender effects on measures of fundamental frequency and jitter","volume":"8","author":"Sussman","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4003.595","article-title":"Developmental changes in laryngeal and respiratory function with variations in sound pressure level","volume":"40","author":"Stathopoulos","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Speech Lang Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3801.101","article-title":"Speaking fundamental frequency changes over time in women: a longitudinal study","volume":"38","author":"Russell","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)31099-5","article-title":"Vocal acoustic characteristics in pre-school aged children","volume":"74","author":"Cappellari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Braz J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib33","series-title":"Vocal fold physiology: contemporary research and clinical issues","article-title":"Growth, development, and aging of the human vocal folds","author":"Hirano","year":"1983"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3903.573","article-title":"Speaking fundamental frequency characteristics of White, African American, and Hispanic kindergartners","volume":"39","author":"Awan","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib35","unstructured":"Woods N, ed. It's not what she says, it's the way that she says it: the influence of speaker-sex on pitch and intonational patterns. Workshop on Prosody in Natural Speech Data, Philadelphia, PA;\u00a01992."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2988","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1370525","article-title":"The acoustic bases for gender identification from children`s voices","volume":"109","author":"Perry","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1121\/1.3075589","article-title":"Anatomic development of the oral and pharyngeal portions of the vocal tract: an imaging study","volume":"125","author":"Vorperian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1097\/01.moo.0000120304.58882.94","article-title":"The impact of hormonal fluctuations on female vocal folds","volume":"12","author":"Amir","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib39","first-page":"183","article-title":"Hormones and the human voice","volume":"47","author":"Brodnitz","year":"1971","journal-title":"Bull N Y Acad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/S0892-1997(01)00007-8","article-title":"Multimodal standardization of voice among four multicultural populations formant structures","volume":"15","author":"Andrianopoulos","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Voice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/40.3.324","article-title":"Acoustic characteristics of women's voices with advancing age","volume":"40","author":"Fisher","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3104.723","article-title":"Spontaneous speaking fundamental frequency of 6-year-old Black children","volume":"31","author":"Wheat","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/03601270151075561","article-title":"Effects of aging on selected acoustic voice parameters: preliminary normative data and educational implications","volume":"27","author":"Xue","year":"2001","journal-title":"Educ Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib44","series-title":"Understanding Voice Problems: A Physiological Perspective For Diagnosis And Treatment","author":"Colton","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1980.00790270013003","article-title":"Laryngoscopic and voice characteristics of aged persons","volume":"106","author":"Honjo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1159\/000118510","article-title":"Changes in speaking fundamental frequency characteristics with aging","volume":"60","author":"Nishio","year":"2008","journal-title":"Folia Phoniatr Logop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.2601.22","article-title":"Effects of physiological aging on selected acoustic characteristics of voice","volume":"26","author":"Ramig","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Speech Hear Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1080\/02699200500297716","article-title":"Volumetric measurements of vocal tracts for male speakers from different races","volume":"20","author":"Xue","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Linguist Phon"}],"container-title":["Journal of Voice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0892199713002221?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0892199713002221?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,7]],"date-time":"2018-10-07T05:55:26Z","timestamp":1538891726000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0892199713002221"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0892199713002221"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvoice.2013.10.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["0892-1997"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0892-1997","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]}}}