{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T10:20:27Z","timestamp":1769595627358,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,1]],"date-time":"2005-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114905600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3035,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,11]],"date-time":"2005-05-11T11:51:09Z","timestamp":1115812269000},"page":"823-829","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":91,"title":["Racial differences in primary and repeat lower extremity amputation: Results from a multihospital study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Joe","family":"Feinglass","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheryl","family":"Rucker-Whitaker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Lindquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter J.","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William H.","family":"Pearce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Differences by race in the rates of procedures performed in hospitals for Medicare beneficiaries","volume":"15","author":"McBean","year":"1994","journal-title":"Health Care Financ Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-2109(96)00073-7","article-title":"Racial differences in operation for peripheral vascular disease","volume":"5","author":"Brothers","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.34805","article-title":"Racial differences in the incidence of limb loss secondary to peripheral vascular disease","volume":"83","author":"Dillingham","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.135.1.75","article-title":"Peripheral bypass surgery and amputation","volume":"135","author":"Feinglass","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.1995.01430040043006","article-title":"The influence of race on the use of surgical procedures for treatment of peripheral vascular disease of the lower extremities","volume":"130","author":"Guadagnoli","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(99)70068-6","article-title":"Impact of race on the treatment for peripheral arterial occlusive disease","volume":"30","author":"Huber","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1993.00410080053008","article-title":"Variation in utilization of procedures for treatment of peripheral arterial disease","volume":"153","author":"Tunis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420070077009","article-title":"Physician discretion and racial variation in the use of surgical procedures","volume":"154","author":"Mort","year":"1994","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199702133360706","article-title":"Racial variation in the use of coronary-revascularization procedures. Are the differences real? Do they matter?","volume":"336","author":"Peterson","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.10.1689","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic variations in physician recommendations for cardiac revascularization","volume":"93","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2642","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03500200056033","article-title":"Racial differences in the use of revascularization procedures after coronary angiography","volume":"269","author":"Ayanian","year":"1993","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200004133421505","article-title":"Relation of race and sex to the use of reperfusion therapy in Medicare beneficiaries with acute myocardial infarction","volume":"342","author":"Canto","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.138.12.1347","article-title":"Explaining racial variation in lower extremity amputation","volume":"138","author":"Rucker-Whitaker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib14","first-page":"177","article-title":"Is revascularization and limb salvage always the treatment for critical limb ischemia?","volume":"45","author":"Nehler","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1191\/1358863x03vm483ra","article-title":"Functional outcomes and quality of life in peripheral arterial disease","volume":"8","author":"Nehler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(98)70157-0","article-title":"Lower extremity arterial reconstruction in the very elderly","volume":"28","author":"Pomposelli","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199906000-00008","article-title":"Diabetes-related lower-extremity amputations disproportionately affect Blacks and Mexican Americans","volume":"92","author":"Lavery","year":"1999","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1067\/msy.2001.115359","article-title":"Postoperative and late survival outcomes after major amputation","volume":"130","author":"Feinglass","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02016758","article-title":"Basic data related to amputations","volume":"5","author":"De Frang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib20","first-page":"154","article-title":"Major amputations","volume":"12","author":"Dormandy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib21","first-page":"519","article-title":"The National Veterans Administration surgical risk study","volume":"180","author":"Khuri","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"issue":"1 Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib22","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Manage.ment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD)","volume":"31","author":"Dormandy","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.19.1.48","article-title":"Variation in the incidence and proportion of diabetes-related amputations in minorities","volume":"19","author":"Lavery","year":"1996","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(94)00240-Q","article-title":"Black-white differences in subclinical cardiovascular disease among older adults","volume":"48","author":"Manolio","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.3.837","article-title":"Ankle-arm index as a marker of atherosclerosis in the Cardiovascular Health Study","volume":"88","author":"Newman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.12.1469","article-title":"The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a racially diverse population","volume":"163","author":"Collins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52259.x","article-title":"Peripheral arterial disease in African Americans","volume":"52","author":"Rucker-Whitaker","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.11.1828","article-title":"Differential effects of BMI on diabetes risk among black and white Americans","volume":"21","author":"Resnick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2470","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.20.2470","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and nontraumatic lower extremity amputation in black and white Americans","volume":"159","author":"Resnick","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.1.9","article-title":"The impact of outpatient diabetes management on serum lipids in urban African-Americans with type 2 diabetes","volume":"25","author":"Erdman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.7.1090","article-title":"Diabetes in the African-American Medicare population","volume":"21","author":"Chin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1177\/153857440203600308","article-title":"Does the efficacy of dorsalis pedis artery bypasses vary among diabetic patients of different ethnic backgrounds?","volume":"36","author":"Toursarkissian","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(90)90299-P","article-title":"Race as a risk factor in the severity of infragenicular occlusive disease","volume":"11","author":"Sidawy","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(97)00058-2","article-title":"Mortality following lower extremity amputation in minorities with diabetes mellitus","volume":"37","author":"Lavery","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7447.1070","article-title":"Genetics, race, ethnicity, and health","volume":"328","author":"Pearce","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)60603-4","article-title":"Mortality differences between black and white men in the USA: contribution of income and other risk factors among men screened for the MRFIT. MRFIT Research Group. Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial","volume":"351","author":"Davey Smith","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.21.1703","article-title":"Socioeconomic factors, health behaviors, and mortality","volume":"279","author":"Lantz","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08133.x","article-title":"Education, income, wealth, and health among whites and African Americans","volume":"896","author":"Ostrove","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1990.03440060091038","article-title":"The effect of known risk factors on the excess mortality of black adults in the United States","volume":"263","author":"Otten","year":"1990","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08101.x","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and health","volume":"896","author":"Adler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib41","series-title":"Health inequalities","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib42","first-page":"7","article-title":"Segregation and stratification","volume":"1","author":"Massey","year":"2004","journal-title":"DuBois Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib43","series-title":"The Dartmouth atlas of vascular health care","author":"Cronnenwett","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib44","first-page":"I106","article-title":"Lower extremity nontraumatic amputation among veterans with peripheral arterial disease","volume":"40","author":"Collins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2003.20532.x","article-title":"Racial and ethnic disparities in the use of health services","volume":"18","author":"Ashton","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp048033","article-title":"Cultural competence\u2014marginal or mainstream movement?","volume":"351","author":"Betancourt","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.4.509","article-title":"Risk factors for lower extremity amputation in persons with diabetes","volume":"18","author":"Selby","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0741521405001795?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0741521405001795?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,26]],"date-time":"2019-01-26T15:51:05Z","timestamp":1548517865000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0741521405001795"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0741521405001795"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.01.040","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-5214"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-5214","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]}}}