{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T17:09:30Z","timestamp":1789060170474,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,1]],"date-time":"2013-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":730,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,25]],"date-time":"2013-06-25T14:37:30Z","timestamp":1372171050000},"page":"128-135.e1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Progression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis despite optimal medical therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Mark F.","family":"Conrad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valy","family":"Baloum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shankha","family":"Mukhopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashu","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virendra I.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Cambria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1951.02320030083009","article-title":"Occlusion of the internal carotid artery","volume":"65","author":"Fisher","year":"1951","journal-title":"AMA Arch Neurol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1752","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.12.1752","article-title":"Distribution and correlates of sonographically detected carotid artery disease in the cardiovascular health study. The CHS collaborative research group","volume":"23","author":"O'Leary","year":"1992","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.12.1705","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of carotid atherosclerosis in a general population","volume":"23","author":"Prati","year":"1992","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e573","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.556068","article-title":"Medical (nonsurgical) intervention alone is now best for prevention of stroke associated with asymptomatic severe carotid stenosis: results of a systematic review and analysis","volume":"40","author":"Abbott","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182456d46","article-title":"Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics\u20122012 update: a report from the American Heart Association","volume":"125","author":"Roger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520420037035","article-title":"Endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. Executive committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study","volume":"273","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16146-1","article-title":"Prevention of disabling and fatal strokes by successful carotid endarterectomy in patients without recent neurological symptoms: randomised controlled trial","volume":"363","author":"MRC","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.07.031","article-title":"Society for Vascular Surgery. Updated Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines for management of extracranial carotid disease","volume":"54","author":"Ricotta","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70058-4","article-title":"Lipid management in the prevention of stroke: review and updated meta-analysis of statins for stroke prevention","volume":"8","author":"Amarenco","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67394-1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins","volume":"366","author":"Baigent","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192667","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20122010 update: a report from the American Heart Association","volume":"121","author":"Lloyd-Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.605204","article-title":"Revascularization of asymptomatic high-grade stenosis is not indicated with contemporary stroke prevention medical therapy","volume":"42","author":"Ingall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2080","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.597708","article-title":"What is the current status of invasive treatment of extracranial carotid artery disease?","volume":"42","author":"Naylor","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-011-0590-0","article-title":"Asymptomatic carotid stenosis: intervention or just stick to medical therapy\u2013the case for medical therapy","volume":"118","author":"Streifler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neural Transm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2009.02614.x","article-title":"High cardiovascular event rates in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis: the REACH registry","volume":"16","author":"Aichner","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)61197-X","article-title":"10-year stroke prevention after successful carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic stenosis (ACST-1): a multicentre randomised trial","volume":"376","author":"Halliday","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200006083422302","article-title":"The causes and risk of stroke in patients with asymptomatic internal-carotid-artery stenosis. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators","volume":"342","author":"Inzitari","year":"2000","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e3181f7d043","article-title":"Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"42","author":"Furie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.106.477091","article-title":"Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and the risk of new vascular events in patients with manifest arterial disease: the SMART study","volume":"38","author":"Goessens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.561837","article-title":"Low risk of ipsilateral stroke in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis on best medical treatment: a prospective, population-based study","volume":"41","author":"Marquardt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(99)70374-5","article-title":"Progression of asymptomatic carotid stenosis: a natural history study in 1004 patients","volume":"29","author":"Muluk","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2887","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.488387","article-title":"Progression of carotid stenosis detected by duplex ultrasonography predicts adverse outcomes in cardiovascular high-risk patients","volume":"38","author":"Sabeti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.22560","article-title":"Standardized definitions and clinical endpoints in carotid artery and supra-aortic trunk revascularization trials","volume":"76","author":"Nedeltchev","year":"2010","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.192218","volume":"40","author":"Easton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000237024.16438.20","article-title":"Projected costs of ischemic stroke in the United States","volume":"67","author":"Brown","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000166059.30464.0a","article-title":"Embolic signals and prediction of ipsilateral stroke or transient ischemic attack in asymptomatic carotid stenosis: a multicenter prospective cohort study","volume":"36","author":"Abbott","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1679","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.90.4.1679","article-title":"Effect of lovastatin on early carotid atherosclerosis and\u00a0cardiovascular events. Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Progression Study (ACAPS) Research Group","volume":"90","author":"Furberg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061894","article-title":"High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack","volume":"355","author":"Amarenco","year":"2006","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0807646","article-title":"Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated c-reactive protein","volume":"359","author":"Ridker","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2902","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000147965.52712.fa","article-title":"Statins in stroke prevention and carotid atherosclerosis: systematic review and up-to-date meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Amarenco","year":"2004","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.06.033","article-title":"Statin therapy in stroke prevention: a meta-analysis involving 121,000 patients","volume":"121","author":"O'Regan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000204638.91099.91","article-title":"Association between carotid plaque characteristics and subsequent ischemic cerebrobascular events. A prospective assessment with MRI\u2014initial results","volume":"37","author":"Takaya","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.111.239335","article-title":"Relationship between recent intraplaque hemorrhage and stroke risk factors in patients with carotid stenosis. The HIRISC Study","volume":"32","author":"Turc","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arterioscl Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2006.11.011","article-title":"Progression of atherosclerosis in asymptomatic carotid arteries after contralateral endarterectomy: a 10-year prospective study","volume":"45","author":"Ballotta","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199301283280401","article-title":"Efficacy of carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis. The veterans affairs cooperative study group","volume":"328","author":"Hobson","year":"1993","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.01.018","article-title":"Effect of aspirin on mortality in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease","volume":"124","author":"Raju","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.2.209","article-title":"Fasting and 2-hour postchallenge serum glucose measures and risk of incident cardiovascular events in the elderly: the cardiovascular health study","volume":"162","author":"Smith","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2010.12.006","article-title":"Best medical therapy or wishful thinking in carotid disease? A single-centre audit in Germany","volume":"41","author":"Lutz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0741521413007118?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0741521413007118?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,15]],"date-time":"2018-10-15T02:00:26Z","timestamp":1539568826000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0741521413007118"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0741521413007118"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvs.2013.04.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0741-5214"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0741-5214","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}}}