{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T06:20:55Z","timestamp":1777702855092,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,14]],"date-time":"2025-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739491200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1505,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jvsvenous.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T12:39:00Z","timestamp":1588077540000},"page":"242-251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Elevated c-fos expression is correlated with phenotypic switching of human vascular smooth muscle cells derived from lower limb venous varicosities"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0524-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chentao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2012.05.006","article-title":"Incidence of chronic venous disease in the Edinburgh Vein Study","volume":"1","author":"Robertson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2014.09.008","article-title":"Progression of varicose veins and chronic venous insufficiency in the general population in the Edinburgh Vein Study","volume":"3","author":"Lee","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2013.10.030","article-title":"Differential metabolic phenotype of human varicose veins tissue and their utility in understanding disease pathogenesis and identifying potential prognostic biomarkers","volume":"2","author":"Anwar","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2017.04.009","article-title":"Phenotypic and functional transformation in smooth muscle cells derived from varicose veins","volume":"5","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3518","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-250464","article-title":"Bortezomib protects from varicose-like venous remodeling","volume":"28","author":"Pfisterer","year":"2014","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13164","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30702-4","article-title":"Promoter usage and dynamics in vascular smooth muscle cells exposed to fibroblast growth factor-2 or interleukin-1beta","volume":"8","author":"Alhendi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21282","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.C117.815845","article-title":"Functional analyses of a human vascular tumor FOS variant identify a novel degradation mechanism and a link to tumorigenesis","volume":"292","author":"van IJzendoorn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0168092","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168092","article-title":"Viscolin inhibits in\u00a0vitro smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration and neointimal hyperplasia in\u00a0vivo","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.03.030","article-title":"miR-155-5p inhibits the viability of vascular smooth muscle cell via targeting FOS and ZIC3 to promote aneurysm formation","volume":"853","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2019.151340","article-title":"Chlamydia pneumoniae infection promotes vascular smooth muscle cell migration via c-Fos\/interleukin-17C signaling","volume":"309","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002405","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.002405","article-title":"Varicose remodeling of veins is suppressed by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors","volume":"5","author":"Eschrich","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib12","first-page":"437","article-title":"Classification and grading of chronic venous disease in the lower limbs. A consensus statement. Ad Hoc Committee, American Venous Forum","volume":"38","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cardiovasc Surg (Torino)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2016.10.001","article-title":"Determining the origin of superficial venous reflux in the groin with duplex ultrasound and implications for varicose vein surgery","volume":"5","author":"Zollmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355513476215","article-title":"New concept: different types of insufficiency of the saphenofemoral junction identified by duplex as a chance for a more differentiated therapy of the great saphenous vein","volume":"28","author":"Stucker","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2015.167","article-title":"Arterialization and anomalous vein wall remodeling in varicose veins is associated with upregulated FoxC2-Dll4 pathway","volume":"96","author":"Surendran","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6164","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2015.4223","article-title":"Upregulation of the gene expression of CLOCK is correlated with hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in advanced varicose lesions","volume":"12","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.11.020","article-title":"Research techniques made simple: analysis of collective cell migration using the wound healing assay","volume":"137","author":"Grada","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18747","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms151018747","article-title":"Association between the hypomethylation of osteopontin and integrin beta3 promoters and vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switching in great saphenous varicose veins","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355516688984","article-title":"High pressure-low flow remodeling of the rat saphenous vein wall","volume":"33","author":"Hetthessy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355515605670","article-title":"Changes in levels of apoptosis in the walls of different segments of great saphenous varicose veins","volume":"31","author":"Yongbo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355515610237","article-title":"Dysregulated apoptosis of the venous wall in chronic venous disease and portal hypertension","volume":"31","author":"Kun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2017.03.015","article-title":"Pathophysiology of venous ulceration","volume":"5","author":"Crawford","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.06.048","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro differences between smooth muscle cells derived from varicose veins and normal veins","volume":"50","author":"Xiao","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib24","first-page":"50","article-title":"Tissue remodeling investigation in varicose veins","volume":"1","author":"Ghaderian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Mol Cell Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvw075","article-title":"Extracellular matrix remodelling in response to venous hypertension: proteomics of human varicose veins","volume":"110","author":"Barallobre-Barreiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2016.10.064","article-title":"The morphofunctional changes in the wall of varicose veins","volume":"42","author":"Birdina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Association between an insertion\/deletion polymorphism in IL-1A gene and cancer risk: a meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Onco Targets Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1177\/0003319703054001S03","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency: dysregulation of collagen synthesis","volume":"54","author":"Sansilvestri-Morel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(97)70084-3","article-title":"Where does venous reflux start?","volume":"26","author":"Labropoulos","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.11.074","article-title":"Estrogen receptor-mediated enhancement of venous relaxation in female rat: implications in sex-related differences in varicose veins","volume":"51","author":"Raffetto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.11.037","article-title":"Functional adaptation of venous smooth muscle response to vasoconstriction in proximal, distal, and varix segments of varicose veins","volume":"51","author":"Raffetto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2016.12.014","article-title":"Pathophysiology of varicose veins","volume":"5","author":"Jacobs","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161645","article-title":"Inflammatory signals from photoreceptor modulate pathological retinal angiogenesis via c-Fos","volume":"214","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100862","article-title":"c-Fos importance for brain development","volume":"7","author":"Velazquez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s12013-012-9428-0","article-title":"The effect of c-fos on acute myocardial infarction and the significance of metoprolol intervention in a rat model","volume":"65","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Biochem Biophys"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2004.03.004","article-title":"PDGF and cardiovascular disease","volume":"15","author":"Raines","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(99)00220-5","article-title":"Alterations in c-fos expression, cell proliferation and apoptosis in pressure distended human saphenous vein","volume":"44","author":"Galea","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213333X20302341?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213333X20302341?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T07:02:04Z","timestamp":1761980524000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213333X20302341"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213333X20302341"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-333X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-333X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Elevated c-fos expression is correlated with phenotypic switching of human vascular smooth muscle cells derived from lower limb venous varicosities","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.03.019","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 by the Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}