{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T13:19:08Z","timestamp":1788959948106,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","jvsvenous.com","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T18:41:37Z","timestamp":1729622497000},"page":"101996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The human lower leg muscle pump functions as a flow diverter pump, maintaining low ambulatory venous pressures during locomotion"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2951-5713","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roman A.","family":"Tauraginskii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0644-0560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fedor","family":"Lurie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergei","family":"Simakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rishal","family":"Agalarov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pavel","family":"Khramtsov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim","family":"Babushkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Gurina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1455-9916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Borsuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib1","first-page":"453","article-title":"Expert consensus document on direct ambulatory venous pressure measurement","volume":"32","author":"Reeder","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1953.tb00923.x","article-title":"Static and dynamic pressures in superficial and deep veins of the lower extremity in man","volume":"27","author":"Hojensgard","year":"1952","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI102105","article-title":"The effect of exercise and body position on the venous pressure at the ankle in patients having venous valvular defects","volume":"28","author":"Pollack","year":"1949","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1949.1.9.649","article-title":"Venous pressure in the saphenous vein at the ankle in man during exercise and changes in posture","volume":"1","author":"Pollack","year":"1949","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.3.5.674","article-title":"Normal blood pressure in the superficial venous system of man at rest in the supine position","volume":"3","author":"Ochsner","year":"1951","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib6","series-title":"Handbook of venous and Lymphatic Disorders: Guidelines of the American venous Forum","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/000331976601700303","article-title":"On the conditions for the venous return from the lower leg in healthy subjects and in patients with chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"17","author":"Arnoldi","year":"1966","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.19.1.180","article-title":"Muscle pumping in the dependent leg","volume":"19","author":"Stegall","year":"1966","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(94)70160-1","article-title":"Venous pump of the calf: a study of venous and muscular pressures","volume":"20","author":"Alimi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2018.08.009","article-title":"Ambulatory venous pressure, air plethysmography, and the role of calf venous pump in chronic venous disease","volume":"7","author":"Raju","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.06.012","article-title":"Measurement of ambulatory venous pressure and column interruption duration in normal volunteers","volume":"8","author":"Raju","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.3109\/00016926209171754","article-title":"Serial phlebography of the normal lower leg during muscular contraction and relaxation","volume":"57","author":"Almen","year":"1962","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(66)90313-9","article-title":"The musculovenous pumps of the human lower limb","volume":"71","author":"Ludbrook","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e126","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.20.e126","article-title":"Investigation of chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"102","author":"Nicolaides","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01658640","article-title":"The value of dynamic venous pressure measurements","volume":"10","author":"Nicolaides","year":"1986","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1159\/000254421","article-title":"Venous pressure determination (direct method)","volume":"132","author":"Kuiper","year":"1966","journal-title":"Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(49)91004-2","article-title":"Normal and impaired function of the leg veins","volume":"37","author":"Hickam","year":"1949","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2006.06.007","article-title":"Comparison of new continuous measurements of ambulatory venous pressure (AVP) with conventional tiptoe exercise ambulatory AVP in relation to the CEAP clinical classification of chronic venous disease","volume":"44","author":"Eifell","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(95)70030-7","article-title":"Limited range of motion is a significant factor in venous ulceration","volume":"22","author":"Back","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.5114\/aoms.2010.19308","article-title":"Randomized study assessing the influence of supervised exercises on ankle joint mobility in patients with venous leg ulcerations","volume":"6","author":"Szewczyk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1177\/000331976902000901","article-title":"Physiology of the calf veins","volume":"20","author":"Keane","year":"1969","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(48)90456-2","article-title":"Effects of temperature and exercise on venous pressure in the foot when in the erect posture","volume":"4","author":"Henry","year":"1948","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2023.04.002","article-title":"Calf muscle pump pressure-flow cycle during ambulation","volume":"11","author":"Tauraginskii","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.12.075","article-title":"The 2020 update of the CEAP classification system and reporting standards","volume":"8","author":"Lurie","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200205000-00009","article-title":"A\u00a0practical guide to gait analysis","volume":"10","author":"Chambers","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1008935","article-title":"Two-dimensional video-based analysis of human gait using pose estimation","volume":"17","author":"Stenum","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196446020-00009","article-title":"Walking patterns of normal men","volume":"46","author":"Murray","year":"1964","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1997.83.4.1383","article-title":"Ultrasound Doppler estimates of femoral artery blood flow during dynamic knee extensor exercise in humans","volume":"83","author":"R\u00e2degran","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00219.2004","article-title":"Muscle contraction-blood flow interactions during upright knee extension exercise in humans","volume":"98","author":"Lutjemeier","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib30","first-page":"236","article-title":"Venous hemodynamic changes in lower limb venous disease: the UIP consensus according to scientific evidence","volume":"35","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1177\/000331977202300305","article-title":"Blood circulation in varicose veins of the lower extremities","volume":"23","author":"Bjordal","year":"1972","journal-title":"Angiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c100048","article-title":"Peripheral circulation","volume":"2","author":"Laughlin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-201X.1988.tb10629.x","article-title":"Effects of dynamic leg exercise on subcutaneous blood flow rate in the lower limb of man","volume":"134","author":"Nielsen","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2063","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1992.72.6.2063","article-title":"Measurements of volume changes and venous pressure in the human lower leg during walking and running","volume":"72","author":"Stick","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1159\/000051026","article-title":"Venous pressure dynamics of the healthy human leg. Role of muscle activity, joint mobility and anthropometric factors","volume":"38","author":"K\u00fcgler","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2003.09.036","article-title":"Structured exercise improves calf muscle pump function in chronic venous insufficiency: a randomized trial","volume":"39","author":"Padberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1258\/026835507780346178","article-title":"A\u00a0home-based exercise programme improves ankle range of motion in long-term venous ulcer patients","volume":"22","author":"Davies","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phlebology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213333X24004165?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213333X24004165?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T15:18:19Z","timestamp":1737386299000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213333X24004165"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213333X24004165"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-333X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-333X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The human lower leg muscle pump functions as a flow diverter pump, maintaining low ambulatory venous pressures during locomotion","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvsv.2024.101996","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Society for Vascular Surgery.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101996"}}