{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:05:08Z","timestamp":1790161508302,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","jvsvenous.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:33:25Z","timestamp":1788305605000},"page":"102612","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Artificial intelligence-assisted identification of skin lesions associated with chronic venous insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4141-204X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ko Eun","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Cheol","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SangJun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiehyun","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seungjun","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4972-9508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beom Suk","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2004.05.015","article-title":"The epidemiology of chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins","volume":"15","author":"Beebe-Dimmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2007.007061","article-title":"Epidemiology of chronic venous disease","volume":"23","author":"Robertson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phlebology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2025.08.028","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of chronic venous disease in a general population in the Netherlands: results from the Rotterdam Study","volume":"71","author":"Scheerders","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006898","article-title":"Chronic venous insufficiency","volume":"130","author":"Eberhardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2007.08.007","article-title":"The nature of skin pigmentations in chronic venous insufficiency: a preliminary report","volume":"35","author":"Caggiati","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2021.12.024","article-title":"Editor's choice\u2013European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2022 clinical practice guidelines on the management of chronic venous disease of the lower limbs","volume":"63","author":"De Maeseneer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2019.12.075","article-title":"The 2020 update of the CEAP classification system and reporting standards","volume":"8","author":"Lurie","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003328971","volume":"12","author":"Gloviczki","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(02)00679-4","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of dermoscopy","volume":"3","author":"Kittler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2010.03.039","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of dermatoscopy for melanocytic and nonmelanocytic pigmented lesions","volume":"64","author":"Rosendahl","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.12.1485","article-title":"Vascular structures in skin tumors: a dermoscopy study","volume":"140","author":"Argenziano","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.11.697","article-title":"How to diagnose nonpigmented skin tumors: a review of vascular structures seen with dermoscopy: part II. Nonmelanocytic skin tumors with a vascular component","volume":"63","author":"Zalaudek","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.09.009","article-title":"Addition of dermoscopy to conventional naked-eye examination in melanoma screening: a randomized study","volume":"50","author":"Carli","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1877","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.0864","article-title":"Dermoscopy improves accuracy of primary care physicians to triage lesions suggestive of skin cancer","volume":"24","author":"Argenziano","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1109\/5.726791","article-title":"Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition","volume":"86","author":"Lecun","year":"1998","journal-title":"P Ieee"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/23415","article-title":"A novel convolutional neural network for the diagnosis and classification of rosacea: usability Study","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Med Inform"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-023-00777-5","article-title":"Automated facial acne lesion detecting and counting Algorithm for acne severity evaluation and its utility in assisting dermatologists","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0295151","article-title":"SkinViT: a transformer based method for Melanoma and Nonmelanoma classification","volume":"18","author":"Khan","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib19","series-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30 (NIPS 2017)","first-page":"5998","article-title":"Attention is all you need","author":"Vaswani","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145467","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2023.3345225","article-title":"DeepMetaForge: a deep vision-transformer metadata-fusion network for automatic skin lesion classification","volume":"11","author":"Vachmanus","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ieee Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-022-00753-5","article-title":"Stasis dermatitis: an overview of its clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and management","volume":"24","author":"Yosipovitch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2004.02213.x","article-title":"Pigmented purpuric dermatoses: an overview","volume":"43","author":"Sardana","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2022.34.1.34","article-title":"Venous insufficiency is a clear provoker of pigmented purpuric dermatosis","volume":"34","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2014.26.5.610","article-title":"Clinical and laboratory findings of pigmented purpuric dermatoses","volume":"26","author":"Gonul","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib25","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","first-page":"12009","article-title":"Swin Transformer V2: Scaling up capacity and resolution","author":"Liu","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib26","article-title":"An image is worth 16x16 words: transformers for image recognition at scale","author":"Dosovitskiy","year":"2020","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-015-0816-y","article-title":"ImageNet large Scale visual recognition challenge","volume":"115","author":"Russakovsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Comput Vis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib28","article-title":"Layer normalization","author":"Ba","year":"2016","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib29","article-title":"Mobilenets: efficient convolutional neural networks for mobile vision applications","author":"Howard","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib30","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)","first-page":"2980","article-title":"Focal loss for dense object detection","author":"Lin","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib31","article-title":"Decoupled weight decay regularization","author":"Loshchilov","year":"2017","journal-title":"arXiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib32","series-title":"Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)","first-page":"6105","article-title":"EfficientNet: Rethinking model scaling for convolutional neural networks","author":"Tan","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib33","series-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","first-page":"770","article-title":"Deep residual learning for image recognition","author":"He","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2025.10.041","article-title":"The hidden burden of chronic venous disease: insights from the Rotterdam Study","volume":"71","author":"Shaydakov","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2021.104924","article-title":"A convolutional neural network trained with dermoscopic images of psoriasis performed on par with 230 dermatologists","volume":"139","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12726","article-title":"Data augmentation in dermatology image recognition using machine learning","volume":"25","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Skin Res Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0842-3","article-title":"A deep learning system for differential diagnosis of skin diseases","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890.2026.2694142","article-title":"A deep learning framework for recognizing skin changes secondary to chronic venous insufficiency in clinical photographs: a multicentre validation study","volume":"58","author":"Kim","year":"2026","journal-title":"Ann Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213333X26001721?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213333X26001721?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T10:10:44Z","timestamp":1790158244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213333X26001721"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S2213333X26001721"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-333X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-333X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Artificial intelligence-assisted identification of skin lesions associated with chronic venous insufficiency","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Vascular Surgery: Venous and Lymphatic Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jvsv.2026.102612","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Society for Vascular Surgery.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102612"}}