{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T20:16:20Z","timestamp":1793650580808,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":140,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,1]],"date-time":"2018-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1461,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kidney-international.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Kidney International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,5]],"date-time":"2018-05-05T08:56:52Z","timestamp":1525510612000},"page":"26-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":366,"title":["Renoprotective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Hiddo J.L.","family":"Heerspink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail","family":"Kosiborod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio E.","family":"Inzucchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Z.I.","family":"Cherney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0806359","article-title":"Long-term follow-up after tight control of blood pressure in type 2 diabetes","volume":"359","author":"Holman","year":"2008","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60576-4","article-title":"Effect of intensive treatment of hyperglycaemia on microvascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the ACCORD randomised trial","volume":"376","author":"Ismail-Beigi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1006524","article-title":"Long-term effects of intensive glucose lowering on cardiovascular outcomes","volume":"364","author":"Gerstein","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-2322","article-title":"Long-term benefits of intensive glucose control for preventing end-stage kidney disease: ADVANCE-ON","volume":"39","author":"Wong","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2016.05.007","article-title":"Novel antidiabetic drugs and cardiovascular risk: primum non nocere","volume":"26","author":"Bonadonna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2304","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-1415","article-title":"Effect of sitagliptin on kidney function and respective cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes: outcomes from TECOS","volume":"39","author":"Cornel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13041","article-title":"Linagliptin and its effects on hyperglycaemia and albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal dysfunction: the randomized MARLINA-T2D trial","volume":"19","author":"Groop","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-0061","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibition stimulates distal tubular natriuresis and increases in circulating SDF-1alpha1-67 in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"40","author":"Lovshin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1307684","article-title":"Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"369","author":"Scirica","year":"2013","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62225-X","article-title":"Heart failure and mortality outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes taking alogliptin versus placebo in EXAMINE: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial","volume":"385","author":"Zannad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504720","article-title":"Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes","volume":"373","author":"Zinman","year":"2015","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1515920","article-title":"Empagliflozin and progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Wanner","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611925","article-title":"Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Neal","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1607141","article-title":"Semaglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Marso","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603827","article-title":"Liraglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Marso","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1616011","article-title":"Liraglutide and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Mann","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1612917","article-title":"Effects of once-weekly exenatide on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Holman","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506930","article-title":"Pioglitazone after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack","volume":"374","author":"Kernan","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030458","article-title":"Pioglitazone prevents stroke in patients with a recent transient ischemic attack or ischemic stroke: a planned secondary analysis of the IRIS trial (Insulin Resistance Intervention After Stroke)","volume":"137","author":"Yaghi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1882","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024863","article-title":"Cardiac outcomes after ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: effects of pioglitazone in patients with insulin resistance without diabetes mellitus","volume":"135","author":"Young","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0387","article-title":"Characterization of renal glucose reabsorption in response to dapagliflozin in healthy subjects and subjects with type 2 diabetes","volume":"36","author":"DeFronzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F188","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00518.2013","article-title":"Increase in SGLT1-mediated transport explains renal glucose reabsorption during genetic and pharmacological SGLT2 inhibition in euglycemia","volume":"306","author":"Rieg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-010-0062-x","article-title":"Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy and other complications in type 1 diabetes","volume":"20","author":"Pavy-Le Traon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0355","article-title":"Energy balance after sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition","volume":"38","author":"Ferrannini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1096","article-title":"How does empagliflozin reduce cardiovascular mortality? Insights from a mediation analysis from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial","volume":"41","author":"Inzucchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-016-0943-4","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitors in the management of type 2 diabetes","volume":"53","author":"Monica Reddy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000002377","article-title":"Perioperative considerations for the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"126","author":"Peacock","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-13-28","article-title":"The effect of empagliflozin on arterial stiffness and heart rate variability in subjects with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"13","author":"Cherney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005081","article-title":"Renal hemodynamic effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"129","author":"Cherney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2014.246","article-title":"Sodium glucose cotransport-2 inhibition and intrarenal RAS activity in people with type 1 diabetes","volume":"86","author":"Cherney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2338","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes: results of an 8-week open-label proof-of-concept trial","volume":"37","author":"Perkins","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0141085","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141085","article-title":"Diurnal glycemic patterns during an 8-week open-label proof-of-concept trial of empagliflozin in type 1 diabetes","volume":"10","author":"Perkins","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3396-4","article-title":"Characterisation of glomerular haemodynamic responses to SGLT2 inhibition in patients with type 1 diabetes and renal hyperfiltration","volume":"57","author":"Skrtic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.2337\/dc15-0843","article-title":"Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a potential complication of treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition","volume":"38","author":"Peters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-159-4-201308200-00007","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"159","author":"Vasilakou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-2491","article-title":"Canagliflozin compared with sitagliptin for patients with type 2 diabetes who do not have adequate glycemic control with metformin plus sulfonylurea: a 52-week randomized trial","volume":"36","author":"Schernthaner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(14)70120-2","article-title":"Comparison of empagliflozin and glimepiride as add-on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a 104-week randomised, active-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial","volume":"2","author":"Ridderstrale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.06.017","article-title":"Pooled analysis of phase III trials indicate contrasting influences of renal function on blood pressure, body weight, and HbA1c reductions with empagliflozin","volume":"93","author":"Cherney","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1177\/1479164114559852","article-title":"SGLT-2 inhibitors and cardiovascular risk: proposed pathways and review of ongoing outcome trials","volume":"12","author":"Inzucchi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diab Vasc Dis Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.2008.250","article-title":"Dapagliflozin, a novel, selective SGLT2 inhibitor, improved glycemic control over 2 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"85","author":"Komoroski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-016-0457-8","article-title":"Factors affecting canagliflozin-induced transient urine volume increase in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"34","author":"Tanaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3239","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.55.6367","article-title":"Impact of the 8-week administration of tofogliflozin for glycemic control and body composition in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"55","author":"Hirose","year":"2016","journal-title":"Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12127","article-title":"Dapagliflozin a glucose-regulating drug with diuretic properties in subjects with type 2 diabetes","volume":"15","author":"Lambers Heerspink","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib44","first-page":"844","article-title":"Increased hematocrit during sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor therapy indicates recovery of tubulointerstitial function in diabetic kidneys","volume":"8","author":"Sano","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(78)90303-4","article-title":"Mechanism of antihypertensive effect of thiazide diuretics","volume":"95","author":"Shah","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.021887","article-title":"Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: cardiovascular and kidney effects, potential mechanisms, and clinical applications","volume":"134","author":"Heerspink","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e76","DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000500051.20830.98","article-title":"OS 12-03 SGLT-2-inhibition with dapagliflozin reduces tissue sodium content [ISH 2016 abstract book].","volume":"34","author":"Schmieder","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000343","article-title":"Do effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with diabetes give insight into potential use in non-diabetic kidney disease?","volume":"26","author":"Rajasekeran","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib49","article-title":"Effect of sodium-glucose cotransport-2 inhibitors on blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 43 randomized control trials with 22 528 patients","volume":"6","author":"Mazidi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-017-0125-x","article-title":"Mechanism of the blood pressure-lowering effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in obese patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"18","author":"Kawasoe","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib51","article-title":"Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-Analysis","volume":"6","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9555","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09352-5","article-title":"Responses of renal hemodynamics and tubular functions to acute sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor administration in non-diabetic anesthetized rats","volume":"7","author":"Ansary","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0511-0","article-title":"Effects of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, on blood pressure and markers of arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a post hoc analysis","volume":"16","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.356","article-title":"Long-term study of patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate renal impairment shows that dapagliflozin reduces weight and blood pressure but does not improve glycemic control","volume":"85","author":"Kohan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib55","unstructured":"Mithal A, Barnett AH, Manassie J, et\u00a0al. Empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and stage 3A, 3B and 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD). Presented at: European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), September 23\u201327,\u00a02013; Barcelona, Spain."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12348","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of canagliflozin over 52 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease","volume":"16","author":"Yale","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10180916","article-title":"Differential effects of dapagliflozin on cardiovascular risk factors at varying degrees of renal function","volume":"12","author":"Petrykiv","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"issue":"supp 1","key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib58","first-page":"B4","article-title":"Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes. Data from the Canvas program","author":"Perkovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029190","article-title":"Lower risk of heart failure and death in patients initiated on SGLT-2 inhibitors versus other glucose-lowering drugs: the CVD-REAL study. (Comparative effectiveness of cardiovascular outcomes in new users of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors)","volume":"136","author":"Kosiborod","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0177646","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177646","article-title":"Comparative effectiveness of oral antidiabetic drugs in preventing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity: a network meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12889","article-title":"Novel oral glucose-lowering drugs are associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events and severe hypoglycaemia compared with insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Nystrom","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.030012","article-title":"Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition in heart failure: potential mechanisms, clinical applications, and summary of clinical trials","volume":"136","author":"Lytvyn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2016.03.410","article-title":"No need to sugarcoat the message: is cardiovascular risk reduction from SGLT2 inhibition related to natriuresis?","volume":"68","author":"Perkins","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1097\/MNH.0000000000000084","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibition and the potential for renal protection in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"24","author":"Skrtic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12936","article-title":"The albuminuria lowering response to dapagliflozin is variable and reproducible between individual patients","volume":"19","author":"Petrykiv","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024764","article-title":"Use of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in the hands of cardiologists: with great power comes great responsibility","volume":"134","author":"Cherney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.933","article-title":"The potential role and rationale for treatment of heart failure with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Butler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Heart. Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.06.016","article-title":"Effects of canagliflozin on cardiovascular biomarkers in older adults with type 2 diabetes","volume":"70","author":"Januzzi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-017-0279-y","article-title":"Ipragliflozin reduces epicardial fat accumulation in non-obese type 2 diabetic patients with visceral obesity: a pilot study","volume":"8","author":"Fukuda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.05.028","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibition by empagliflozin promotes fat utilization and browning and attenuates inflammation and insulin resistance by polarizing M2 macrophages in diet-induced obese mice","volume":"20","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-017-6725-2","article-title":"SGLT-2 inhibition with dapagliflozin reduces the activation of the Nlrp3\/ASC inflammasome and attenuates the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice with type 2 diabetes. Further augmentation of the effects with saxagliptin, a DPP4 inhibitor","volume":"31","author":"Ye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Drugs Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-017-3018-9","article-title":"Effect of empagliflozin on cardiac biomarkers in a zebrafish model of heart failure: clues to the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial?","volume":"433","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.035","article-title":"Dapagliflozin, a selective SGLT2 inhibitor, attenuated cardiac fibrosis by regulating the macrophage polarization via STAT3 signaling in infarcted rat hearts","volume":"104","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00424-6","article-title":"Understanding EMPA-REG OUTCOME","volume":"3","author":"Muskiet","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-4134-x","article-title":"Empagliflozin decreases myocardial cytoplasmic Na+ through inhibition of the cardiac Na+\/H+ exchanger in rats and rabbits","volume":"60","author":"Baartscheer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.05.032","article-title":"Sodium-dependent glucose transporters (SGLT) in human ischemic heart: a new potential pharmacological target","volume":"243","author":"Di Franco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1108","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0330","article-title":"CV protection in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial: a \u201cthrifty substrate\u201d hypothesis","volume":"39","author":"Ferrannini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-0542","article-title":"Can a shift in fuel energetics explain the beneficial cardiorenal outcomes in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME study? A unifying hypothesis","volume":"39","author":"Mudaliar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-016-0489-z","article-title":"Sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition with empagliflozin improves cardiac diastolic function in a female rodent model of diabetes","volume":"16","author":"Habibi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18051083","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitors as a therapeutic option for diabetic nephropathy","volume":"18","author":"Kawanami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100777","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100777","article-title":"Long-term treatment with the sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, ameliorates glucose homeostasis and diabetic nephropathy in db\/db mice","volume":"9","author":"Terami","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1799","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1611290","article-title":"Empagliflozin and progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes","volume":"375","author":"Wakisaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12269","article-title":"Tofogliflozin, a novel sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, improves renal and pancreatic function in db\/db mice","volume":"170","author":"Nagata","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F317","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00145.2014","article-title":"The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin ameliorates early features of diabetic nephropathy in BTBR ob\/ob type 2 diabetic mice with and without hypertension","volume":"307","author":"Gembardt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5335","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.779520","article-title":"SGLT2 expression is increased in human diabetic nephropathy: SGLT2 inhibition decreases renal lipid accumulation, inflammation and the development of nephropathy in diabetic mice","volume":"292","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-2857-5","article-title":"The effect of renal hyperfiltration on urinary inflammatory cytokines\/chemokines in patients with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"56","author":"Har","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e111131","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111131","article-title":"The urinary cytokine\/chemokine signature of renal hyperfiltration in adolescents with type 1 diabetes","volume":"9","author":"Har","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1609","article-title":"Effect of protein kinase Cbeta inhibition on renal hemodynamic function and urinary biomarkers in humans with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study","volume":"32","author":"Cherney","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-3000-3","article-title":"The effect of aliskiren on urinary cytokine\/chemokine responses to clamped hyperglycaemia in type 1 diabetes","volume":"56","author":"Cherney","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2012.03651.x","article-title":"Urinary markers of renal inflammation in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and normoalbuminuria","volume":"29","author":"Cherney","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.2337\/dc10-1219","article-title":"The acute effect of clamped hyperglycemia on the urinary excretion of inflammatory cytokines\/chemokines in uncomplicated type 1 diabetes: a pilot study","volume":"34","author":"Cherney","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F137","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00158.2014","article-title":"Effects of NKCC2 isoform regulation on NaCl transport in thick ascending limb and macula densa: a modeling study","volume":"307","author":"Edwards","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20150838","article-title":"Mapping time-course mitochondrial adaptations in the kidney in experimental diabetes","volume":"130","author":"Coughlan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F227","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00689.2014","article-title":"Acute SGLT inhibition normalizes O2 tension in the renal cortex but causes hypoxia in the renal medulla in anaesthetized control and diabetic rats","volume":"309","author":"O'Neill","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0158810","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158810","article-title":"Dapagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitor, attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"11","author":"Chang","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjd.2014.05.006","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition in type 1 diabetes: simultaneous glucose lowering and renal protection?","volume":"38","author":"Cherney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13003","article-title":"Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT) and glucose transporter (GLUT) expression in the kidney of type 2 diabetic subjects","volume":"19","author":"Norton","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2008.11.003","article-title":"Enhanced expressions of sodium-glucose cotransporters in the kidneys of diabetic Zucker rats","volume":"83","author":"Tabatabai","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12970","article-title":"Sodium-glucose co-transporter (SGLT)2 and SGLT1 renal expression in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"19","author":"Solini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(13)70208-0","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of empagliflozin added to existing antidiabetes treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"2","author":"Barnett","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1860","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-4008-2","article-title":"The effect of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition with empagliflozin on microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"59","author":"Cherney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30182-1","article-title":"Effects of empagliflozin on the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease: an exploratory analysis from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"5","author":"Cherney","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib103","article-title":"Canagliflozin slows progression of renal function decline independently of glycemic effects","author":"Heerspink","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014070688","article-title":"Drug-induced reduction in albuminuria is associated with subsequent renoprotection: a meta-analysis","volume":"26","author":"Heerspink","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.12600","article-title":"Is a reduction in albuminuria associated with renal and cardiovascular protection? A post hoc analysis of the ALTITUDE trial","volume":"18","author":"Heerspink","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.1.195","article-title":"Nonalbuminuric renal insufficiency in type 2 diabetes","volume":"27","author":"MacIsaac","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2061","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-2189","article-title":"Glomerular hyperfiltration and renal disease progression in type 2 diabetes","volume":"35","author":"Ruggenenti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv728","article-title":"Heart failure outcomes with empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk: results of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial","volume":"37","author":"Fitchett","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000000871","article-title":"Effects of diuretics on sodium-dependent glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor-induced changes in blood pressure in obese rats suffering from the metabolic syndrome","volume":"34","author":"Rahman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hypertens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00417-9","article-title":"Blood pressure and glycaemic effects of dapagliflozin versus placebo in patients with type 2 diabetes on combination antihypertensive therapy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study","volume":"4","author":"Weber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2016.1153941","article-title":"Osmotic diuresis with SGLT2 inhibition: analysis of events related to volume reduction in dapagliflozin clinical trials","volume":"128","author":"Johnsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"issue":"suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib112","first-page":"S61","article-title":"Pharmacologic management of type 2 diabetes","volume":"37","author":"Harper","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can J Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13124","article-title":"Dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pooled analysis of safety data from phase IIb\/III clinical trials","volume":"20","author":"Jabbour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.657","article-title":"Effect of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on left ventricular function in stable chronic heart failure patients with and without diabetes (LIVE)-a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"19","author":"Jorsal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Heart Fail"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30263-7","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors: a couple at last?","volume":"4","author":"Nauck","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30267-4","volume":"4","author":"Frias","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12694","volume":"9","author":"Seino","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Diabetes Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30257-7","article-title":"SGTL2 inhibitors and amputations in the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System","volume":"5","author":"Fadini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1701990","article-title":"Risk of Diabetic ketoacidosis after initiation of an SGLT2 inhibitor","volume":"376","author":"Fralick","year":"2017","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masuta P, Johri G, Paul M. SGLT2 Inhibitors and euglycemic ketoacidosis [e-pub ahead of print]. Am J Ther. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000587. Accessed March 3, 2018.","DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0000000000000587"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e57","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2793","article-title":"Incidence of ketoacidosis in the Danish type 2 diabetes population before and after introduction of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors-a nationwide, retrospective cohort study, 1995-2014","volume":"40","author":"Jensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e4","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1551","article-title":"Empagliflozin and assessment of lower-limb amputations in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial","volume":"41","author":"Inzucchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.032031","article-title":"Cardiovascular outcomes and safety of empagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and peripheral artery disease: a subanalysis of EMPA-REG OUTCOME","volume":"137","author":"Verma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Udell JA, Yuan Z, Rush T, et\u00a0al. Cardiovascular outcomes and risks after initiation of a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor: results from the EASEL Population-Based Cohort Study [e-pub ahead of print]. Circulation. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031227.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031227"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13115","article-title":"Risk of lower extremity amputations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with sglt2 inhibitors in the United States: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"20","author":"Yuan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.932","article-title":"Antihypertensive drug therapy and the risk of lower extremity amputations in pharmacologically treated type 2 diabetes patients","volume":"13","author":"Erkens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-0058","article-title":"The Na+\/glucose cotransporter inhibitor canagliflozin activates AMPK by inhibiting mitochondrial function and increasing cellular AMP levels","volume":"65","author":"Hawley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2903","article-title":"Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and fracture risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Ruanpeng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2017.1256747","article-title":"Bone effects of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"129","author":"Blevins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Postgrad Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2016.1174841","article-title":"The effects of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, on mineral metabolism and bone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"32","author":"Alba","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1185\/03007995.2014.919907","article-title":"Effect of canagliflozin on serum electrolytes in patients with type 2 diabetes in relation to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)","volume":"30","author":"Weir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Med Res Opin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2546","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-016-4101-6","article-title":"Elevated serum magnesium associated with SGLT2 inhibitor use in type 2 diabetes patients: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"59","author":"Tang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2017.0070","article-title":"Effects of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on serum uric acid in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"19","author":"Ahmadieh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1002\/bdd.1909","article-title":"SGLT2 inhibitor lowers serum uric acid through alteration of uric acid transport activity in renal tubule by increased glycosuria","volume":"35","author":"Chino","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biopharm Drug Dispos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13101","article-title":"Effects of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors on serum uric acid level: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1011","article-title":"Acute kidney injury in patients on SGLT2 inhibitors: a propensity-matched analysis","volume":"40","author":"Nadkarni","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2200","article-title":"Potential hypoxic renal injury in patients with diabetes on SGLT2 inhibitors: caution regarding concomitant use of NSAIDs and iodinated contrast media","volume":"40","author":"Heyman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07680717","article-title":"Are SGLT2 inhibitors ready for prime time for CKD?","volume":"13","author":"Pecoits-Filho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.41.4.533","article-title":"Atrial natriuretic peptide and prostacyclin synergistically mediate hyperfiltration and hyperperfusion of diabetic rats","volume":"41","author":"Perico","year":"1992","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027_bib140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.2337\/dc14-2364","article-title":"Combination of empagliflozin and linagliptin as second-line therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled on metformin","volume":"38","author":"DeFronzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"}],"container-title":["Kidney International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S008525381830125X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S008525381830125X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:50:53Z","timestamp":1758761453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S008525381830125X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"references-count":140,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S008525381830125X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.733181594.793553183","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0085-2538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0085-2538","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Renoprotective effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Kidney International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.027","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 International Society of Nephrology. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}