{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T13:27:28Z","timestamp":1774531648078,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1461,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001804","name":"Canada Research Chairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001804","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["kidney-international.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Kidney International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,29]],"date-time":"2020-08-29T00:25:56Z","timestamp":1598660756000},"page":"59-67","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Management of idiopathic childhood nephrotic syndrome in sub-Saharan Africa: Ibadan consensus statement"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Christopher","family":"Esezobor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adebowale D.","family":"Ademola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adewale E.","family":"Adetunji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel A.","family":"Anigilaje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Batte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatima N.","family":"Jiya-Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis F.","family":"Furia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uzoamaka","family":"Muoneke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mignon","family":"McCulloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Nourse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patience","family":"Obiagwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Odutola","family":"Odetunde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Perditer","family":"Okyere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adaobi","family":"Solarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elliot K.","family":"Tannor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Noone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rasheed","family":"Gbadegesin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rulan S.","family":"Parekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Ashuntantang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guemkam","family":"Georgette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dwamoa","family":"Adu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria May","family":"Adabayeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Boima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Osafo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elliot Koranteng","family":"Tannor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Perditer","family":"Okyere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sampson","family":"Antwi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob","family":"Plange-Rhule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manmak","family":"Mamven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Ajayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Anigilaje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ogochukwu","family":"Okoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ofejiro","family":"Okperi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Okiroro","family":"Ighosewe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ifeoma","family":"Ulasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uzoamaka","family":"Muoneke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Odutola","family":"Odetunde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrietta U.","family":"Okafor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Babatunde","family":"Salako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adebowale","family":"Ademola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kemi","family":"Amodu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yemi","family":"Raji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asinobi O.","family":"Adanze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatiu","family":"Arogundade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wasiu","family":"Olowu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy Olusegun","family":"Olanrewaju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olanrewaju","family":"Adedoyin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patience","family":"Obiagwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aliyu","family":"Abdu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adaobi","family":"Solarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oluwatoyin","family":"Amira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Esezobor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Odenigbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nonyelum","family":"Jisieike-Onuigbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adesola","family":"Musa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosemary","family":"Audu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olanrewaju","family":"Jinadu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adewale E.","family":"Adetunji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Makusidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatima Nma","family":"Jiya Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacob Olugbenga","family":"Awobusuyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mignon","family":"McCulloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Nourse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis Frederick","family":"Furia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paschal","family":"Ruggajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Shoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Kalyesubula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Kansiime","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Batte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rulan S.","family":"Parekh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Damien","family":"Noone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jovanka","family":"Vasilevska-Ristovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tonny H.M.","family":"Banh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akinlolu O.","family":"Ojo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jillian","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Titilayo","family":"Ilori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rasheed","family":"Gbadegesin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00380116","article-title":"Ethnic differences in incidence and outcomes of childhood nephrotic syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Banh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051229","article-title":"Paediatric acute kidney injury in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria: prevalence, causes and mortality rate","volume":"7","author":"Esezobor","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-15-25","article-title":"Paediatric end-stage renal disease in a tertiary hospital in South West Nigeria","volume":"15","author":"Asinobi","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib4","first-page":"778","article-title":"Pattern of glomerular diseases in Sudanese children: a clinico-pathological study","volume":"21","author":"Abdelraheem","year":"2010","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/20469047.2017.1374002","article-title":"Childhood nephrotic syndrome in tropical Africa: then and now","volume":"37","author":"Olowu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Paediatr Int Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-006-0276-2","article-title":"Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: the influence of race on cyclophosphamide sensitivity","volume":"21","author":"Bhimma","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib7","first-page":"979","article-title":"Childhood idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome in Southwestern Nigeria","volume":"21","author":"Olowu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfi297","article-title":"Nephrotic syndrome in African children: lack of evidence for 'tropical nephrotic syndrome'?","volume":"21","author":"Doe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.4103\/1119-3077.130247","article-title":"Nephrotic syndrome among children in Kano: a clinicopathological study","volume":"17","author":"Obiagwu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Niger J Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350640","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/350640","article-title":"High steroid sensitivity among children with nephrotic syndrome in southwestern Nigeria","volume":"2014","author":"Ladapo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1179\/146532805X58139","article-title":"Increased steroid responsiveness of young children with nephrotic syndrome in Nigeria","volume":"25","author":"Asinobi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Trop Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib12","unstructured":"H3Africa Kidney Disease Research Network. Available at: https:\/\/h3africa.org\/index.php\/h3africa-kidney-disease-research-network\/. Accessed December 10, 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-020-04519-1","article-title":"IPNA clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis and management of children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome","volume":"35","author":"Trautmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045_bib14","first-page":"139","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for glomerulonephritis","volume":"2","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"}],"container-title":["Kidney International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0085253820309662?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0085253820309662?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T00:57:55Z","timestamp":1758761875000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0085253820309662"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0085253820309662"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045","relation":{},"ISSN":["0085-2538"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0085-2538","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Management of idiopathic childhood nephrotic syndrome in sub-Saharan Africa: Ibadan consensus statement","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Kidney International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.kint.2020.07.045","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Published by Elsevier, Inc., on behalf of the International Society of Nephrology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}