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To date, only ribavirin has been used to manage HRSV infection. However, ribavirin is expensive with an only modest effect. Furthermore, ribavirin has several side effects, which means it has limited clinical benefit.\n                      <jats:italic>Pueraria lobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      Ohwi (\n                      <jats:italic>P. lobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) is a common ingredient of Ge\u2010Gen\u2010Tang (Kakkon\u2010to) and Sheng\u2010Ma\u2010Ge\u2010Gen\u2010Tang (Shoma\u2010kakkon\u2010to), which are prescriptions of Chinese traditional medicine proven to have antiviral activity against HRSV. Therefore, it was hypothesized that\n                      <jats:italic>P. lobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      might be effective against HRSV. To find a cost\u2010effective therapeutic modality, both human upper (HEp\u20102) and lower (A549) respiratory tract cell lines were used to test the hypothesis that\n                      <jats:italic>P. lobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      could inhibit HRSV\u2010induced plaque formation. Results showed that the water extract of\n                      <jats:italic>P. lobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      was effective (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) against HRSV\u2010induced plaque formation.\n                      <jats:italic>P. lobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      was more effective when given prior to viral inoculation (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) by inhibiting viral attachment (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and penetration (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). However, supplementation with\n                      <jats:italic>P. lobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      could not stimulate interferon secretion after HRSV infection. In conclusion,\n                      <jats:italic>P. lobata<\/jats:italic>\n                      has antiviral activity against HRSV\u2010induced plaque formation in airway mucosa mainly by inhibiting viral attachment and internalization. Further identification of effective constituents could contribute to the prevention of HRSV infection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2013.06.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,12]],"date-time":"2013-08-12T20:15:49Z","timestamp":1376338549000},"page":"651-657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Water extract of\n                    <i>Pueraria lobata<\/i>\n                    Ohwi has anti\u2010viral activity against human respiratory syncytial virus in human respiratory tract cell 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