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Use of a conventional intramedullary femoral cutting guide is not practical because of the obstruction of the medullary canal by implants. Previous studies have shown that computer\u2010assisted surgery (CAS) can help restore alignment in conventional TKA for patients with knee arthritis with retained femoral implants or extra\u2010articular deformity, without the need for implant removal or osteotomy. However, little has been published regarding outcomes with the use of navigation in minimally invasive surgery (MIS)\u2010TKA for patients with this complex knee arthritis. MIS has been proven to provide less postoperative pain and faster recovery than conventional TKA, but MIS\u2010TKA in patients with retained femoral implants poses a greater risk in limb malalignment. The purpose of this study is to report the outcome of CAS\u2010MIS\u2010TKA in patients with knee arthritis and retained femoral implants. Between April 2006 and March 2008, eight patients with knee arthritis and retained femoral implants who underwent the CAS\u2010MIS\u2010TKA were retrospectively reviewed. Three of the eight patients had extra\u2010articular deformity, including two femur bones and one tibia bone, in the preoperative examination. The anteroposterior, lateral, and long\u2010leg weight\u2010bearing radiographs carried out at 3\u2010month follow\u2010up was used to determine the mechanical axis of lower limb and the position of components. The mean preoperative femorotibial angle in patients without extra\u2010articular deformity was 3.8\u00b0 of varus and was corrected to 4.6\u00b0 of valgus. With the use of navigation in MIS\u2010TKA, the two patients in this study with extra\u2010articular femoral deformity also obtained an ideal postoperative mechanical axis within 2\u00b0 of normal alignment. Overall, there was a good restoration of postoperative mechanical alignment in all cases, with a mean angle of 0.4\u00b0 of varus. No limb malalignment or component malposition was found. In clinical assessments, there were also significant improvements in knee specific scores, functional scores, and motion arc. The results of this study suggest that navigation can help achieve accurate alignment and proper prosthesis positioning in MIS\u2010TKA for patients with retained femoral implants and for whom intramedullary rod guidance is impractical.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2014.03.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,6]],"date-time":"2014-05-06T15:30:54Z","timestamp":1399390254000},"page":"415-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Computer\u2010navigated minimally invasive total knee arthroplasty for patients with retained implants in the 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