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The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the evidence regarding the efficacy of fluoroquinolone in preventing BK polyomavirus infection following renal transplantation. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for research articles published prior to January 2015 using keywords such as \u201cfluoroquinolone,\u201d \u201cBK viremia,\u201d and \u201crenal transplantation.\u201d We extracted all types of study published in English. The primary outcome was BK viremia and viruria at 1\u2009year post\u2010transplantation. Secondary outcomes were BK virus\u2010associated nephropathy (BKVN), graft failure, and fluoroquinolone\u2010resistant infection. We identified eight trials, including a total of 1477 participants with a mean duration of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis of &gt;1\u2009month. At 1\u2009year, fluoroquinolone prophylaxis was not associated with a decreased incidence of BK viremia [risk ratio (RR), 0.84; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.58\u20131.20). No significant differences in BKVN (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.37\u20132.11), risk of graft failure due to BKVN (RR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.29\u20131.59), or fluoroquinolone\u2010resistant infection (RR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.64\u20131.83) were observed between the fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and control groups. The results of this study suggest that fluoroquinolone is ineffective in preventing BK polyomavirus infection following renal transplantation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kjms.2016.01.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,16]],"date-time":"2016-02-16T10:44:38Z","timestamp":1455619478000},"page":"152-159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in preventing BK polyomavirus infection after renal transplant: A\u2009systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Tu\u2010Run","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng\u2010Sheng","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Peng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhong\u2010Li","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xian\u2010Ding","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","volume-title":"USRDS 2013 annual data report. 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