{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T17:18:15Z","timestamp":1793121495095,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,25]],"date-time":"2025-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82130065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82130065"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002855","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of the People&apos;s Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002855","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFC2605601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFC2605601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024YFC2309204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024YFC2309204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005088","name":"Beijing Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023-02-08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-02-08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005088","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["thelancet.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Lancet Microbe"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:51:17Z","timestamp":1764377477000},"page":"101200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae resurgence in Chinese children in 2023: a longitudinal, cross-sectional, genomic epidemiology study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Chao","family":"Yan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanwei","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4900-315X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yarong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengnan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangqian","family":"Pei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Mu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanling","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghua","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyan","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linqing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuangli","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhijie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengqiang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dehui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiying","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Longji","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuehua","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanhua","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Didelot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujun","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00114-16","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae from the respiratory tract and beyond","volume":"30","author":"Waites","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.4.697-728.2004","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its role as a human pathogen","volume":"17","author":"Waites","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.2.447-449.1996","article-title":"Epidemiological study of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in Japan based on PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the P1 cytadhesin gene","volume":"34","author":"Sasaki","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2801.210497","article-title":"Global genome diversity and recombination in Mycoplasma pneumoniae","volume":"28","author":"Hsieh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.2.1900112","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections, 11 countries in Europe and Israel, 2011 to 2016","volume":"25","author":"Beeton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.19.2100746","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae detections before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: results of a global survey, 2017 to 2021","volume":"27","author":"Meyer Sauteur","year":"2022","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2025.2482703","article-title":"Characterizing the epidemiology of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in China in 2022-2024: a nationwide cross-sectional study of over 1.6 million cases","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib8","article-title":"Global spatiotemporal dynamics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae re-emergence after COVID-19 pandemic restrictions: an epidemiological and transmission modelling study","volume":"6","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(23)00405-6","article-title":"Resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumonia by macrolide-resistant epidemic clones in China","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2770","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.12.2770","article-title":"Transition mutations in the 23S rRNA of erythromycin-resistant isolates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae","volume":"39","author":"Lucier","year":"1995","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2001.tb01293.x","article-title":"Characteristics of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae strains isolated from patients and induced with erythromycin in vitro","volume":"45","author":"Okazaki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.20949","article-title":"Global trends in the proportion of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.2012.0021","article-title":"SPAdes: a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing","volume":"19","author":"Bankevich","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Comput Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.055459-0","article-title":"Ribosomal multilocus sequence typing: universal characterization of bacteria from domain to strain","volume":"158","author":"Jolley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku1196","article-title":"Rapid phylogenetic analysis of large samples of recombinant bacterial whole genome sequences using Gubbins","volume":"43","author":"Croucher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa015","article-title":"IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era","volume":"37","author":"Minh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib17","article-title":"Microreact: visualizing and sharing data for genomic epidemiology and phylogeography","volume":"2","author":"Argim\u00f3n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microb Genom"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4310","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty539","article-title":"pyseer: a comprehensive tool for microbial pangenome-wide association studies","volume":"34","author":"Lees","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1006650","article-title":"BEAST 2.5: an advanced software platform for Bayesian evolutionary analysis","volume":"15","author":"Bouckaert","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Comput Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.16505","article-title":"phytools 2.0: an updated R ecosystem for phylogenetic comparative methods (and other things)","volume":"12","author":"Revell","year":"2024","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syy007","article-title":"Modeling the growth and decline of pathogen effective population size provides insight into epidemic dynamics and drivers of antimicrobial resistance","volume":"67","author":"Volz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Syst Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty633","article-title":"ape 5.0: an environment for modern phylogenetics and evolutionary analyses in R","volume":"35","author":"Paradis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib23","article-title":"Increased macrolide resistance rate of M3562 Mycoplasma pneumoniae correlated with macrolide usage and genotype shifting","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.4.790","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo activities of macrolides against Mycoplasma pneumoniae","volume":"38","author":"Ishida","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib25","first-page":"707","article-title":"Management of community acquired pneumonia in children","volume":"16","author":"Lu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chin J Pract Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib26","first-page":"83","article-title":"Guidelines for management of childhood community acquired pneumonia (for trial implementation) (I)","volume":"45","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.801800","article-title":"Emergence and mechanism of resistance of tulathromycin against Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in a PK\/PD model and the fitness costs of 23S rRNA mutants","volume":"9","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae493","article-title":"Cycles of susceptibility: immunity debt explains altered infectious disease dynamics post-pandemic","author":"Munro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.2.2300707","article-title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae epidemic in Denmark, October to December, 2023","volume":"29","author":"Nordholm","year":"2024","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0223","article-title":"First detection and characterization of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae from people with community-acquired pneumonia in Iran","volume":"26","author":"Noori Goodarzi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"}],"container-title":["The Lancet Microbe"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666524725001284?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2666524725001284?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T09:16:29Z","timestamp":1768468589000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2666524725001284"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S2666524725001284"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200","relation":{},"ISSN":["2666-5247"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2666-5247","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae resurgence in Chinese children in 2023: a longitudinal, cross-sectional, genomic epidemiology study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The Lancet Microbe","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lanmic.2025.101200","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101200"}}