{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:41:48Z","timestamp":1792428108917,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Leukemia Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T23:43:42Z","timestamp":1788565422000},"page":"108302","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Construction and evaluation of a machine-learning-based prediction model for pneumonia in patients with acute leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenxuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xudong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq147","article-title":"Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"52","author":"Freifeld","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21847","article-title":"Mortality, morbidity, and cost associated with febrile neutropenia in adult cancer patients","volume":"106","author":"Kuderer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.12.012","article-title":"Lung ultrasound for early diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia","volume":"149","author":"Mongodi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib4","first-page":"467","article-title":"Deep Learning from Incomplete Data: Detecting Imminent Risk of Hospital-acquired Pneumonia in ICU Patients","volume":"2019","author":"Goodwin","year":"2019","journal-title":"AMIA Annu. Symp. Proc."},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.00374","article-title":"Antimicrobial prophylaxis for adult patients with cancer-related immunosuppression: ASCO and IDSA clinical practice guideline update","volume":"36","author":"Taplitz","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.03.022","article-title":"How machine learning will transform biomedicine","volume":"181","author":"Goecks","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00407-0","article-title":"A guide to machine learning for biologists","volume":"23","author":"Greener","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13483","article-title":"Predictive models for clinical decision making: deep dives in practical machine learning","volume":"292","author":"Eloranta","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib9","first-page":"307","article-title":"[Diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia in adults and children (consensus of Lituanian pulmonologists)]","volume":"39","author":"Sakalauskas","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med. (Kaunas. )"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2018.05.006","article-title":"Comparison of variable selection methods for clinical predictive modeling","volume":"116","author":"Sanchez-Pinto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. Inform."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10895","article-title":"LASSO regression","volume":"105","author":"Ranstam","year":"2018","journal-title":"BJS"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjdh\/ztad006","article-title":"Machine learning-based risk stratification for mortality in patients with severe aortic regurgitation","volume":"4","author":"Anand","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Digit. Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7583","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000002921","article-title":"A nomogram for predicting the diagnosis of central malignant tumors based on preoperative clinical characteristics and laboratory indicators: a diagnostic study","volume":"111","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib14","first-page":"2024","article-title":"A Grid-search method approach for hyperparameter evaluation and optimization on teachable machine accuracy: a case study of sample size variation","volume":"5","author":"Malahina","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"g7594","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g7594","article-title":"Transparent reporting of a multivariable prediction model for individual prognosis or diagnosis (TRIPOD): the TRIPOD statement","volume":"350","author":"Collins","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031","article-title":"Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic","volume":"22","author":"McHugh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochem. Med. (Zagreb. )"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s41512-019-0064-7","article-title":"A simple, step-by-step guide to interpreting decision curve analysis","volume":"3","author":"Vickers","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diagn. Progn. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s42256-019-0138-9","article-title":"From local explanations to global understanding with explainable AI for trees","volume":"2","author":"Lundberg","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib19","author":"Lundberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"A Unifi-.-. Approach Interpret. Model. Predict."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2013.018","article-title":"The chi-square test of independence","volume":"23","author":"McHugh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biochem. Med. (Zagreb. )"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2021.06.008","article-title":"Using a stepwise approach to simultaneously develop and validate machine learning based prediction models","volume":"142","author":"Haalboom","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2021.07.008","article-title":"Pathophysiology of Hypercalcemia","volume":"50","author":"Goltzman","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab. Clin. North. Am."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200108000-00009","article-title":"Hypercalcemia in a patient with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a role of proinflammatory cytokine","volume":"322","author":"Fukasawa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib24","first-page":"559","article-title":"Hypercalcemia and multiple osteolytic lesions associated with proinflammatory cytokines in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]","volume":"48","author":"Mori","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rinsho Ketsueki"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib25","article-title":"A case of hypernatremia in a newly diagnosed patient with acute myeloid leukemia: lessons for nephrologists","volume":"16","author":"Rasi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib26","article-title":"Proposed immunology of the spontaneous remission of leukemia","author":"Behzad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer Clin. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-922028","article-title":"Pulmonary complications in patients with hematological disorders: pathobiological bases and practical approach","volume":"26","author":"Poletti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2013.087536","article-title":"Leukemia-induced phenotypic and functional defects in natural killer cells predict failure to achieve remission in acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"99","author":"Stringaris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500262","article-title":"Defective NK cells in acute myeloid leukemia patients at diagnosis are associated with blast transcriptional signatures of immune evasion","volume":"195","author":"Khaznadar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37367","article-title":"Development and validation of machine learning-based prediction model for severe pneumonia: A multicenter cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib31","article-title":"Machine learning-based model for predicting all-cause mortality in severe pneumonia","volume":"12","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Open. Respir. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe8850","article-title":"Deficiencies of traditional grading systems and recommendations for the future","volume":"86","author":"Cain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Pharm. Educ."}],"container-title":["Leukemia Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145212626001463?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0145212626001463?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:07:19Z","timestamp":1792426039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0145212626001463"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S0145212626001463"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2126"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2126","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Construction and evaluation of a machine-learning-based prediction model for pneumonia in patients with acute leukemia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Leukemia Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108302","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108302"}}