{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:44:55Z","timestamp":1792665895151,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008272","name":"Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Leukemia Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:20:48Z","timestamp":1791933648000},"page":"108345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Real-world outcomes of asciminib versus first- and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors as second-line treatment for chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"171","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9919-3564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ehab L.","family":"Atallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Islam","family":"Sadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"McGovern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominick","family":"Latremouille-Viau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmine","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9540-9519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remi","family":"Bellefleur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Gobeil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6362-1907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Marquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Gu\u00e9rin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisy","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.27443","article-title":"Chronic myeloid leukemia: 2025 update on diagnosis, therapy, and monitoring","volume":"99","author":"Jabbour","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4160","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.3071","article-title":"How many chronic myeloid leukemia patients who started a frontline second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor have to switch to a second-line treatment? A retrospective analysis from the monitoring registries of the italian medicines agency (AIFA)","volume":"9","author":"Breccia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25306","article-title":"Tyrosine kinase inhibitor interruptions, discontinuations and switching in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia in routine clinical practice: SIMPLICITY","volume":"94","author":"Hehlmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Hematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib4","series-title":"FDA approves asciminib for Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia","author":"US Food and Drug Administration","year":"2021"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020009984","article-title":"A phase 3, open-label, randomized study of asciminib, a STAMP inhibitor, vs bosutinib in CML after 2 or more prior TKIs","volume":"138","author":"R\u00e9a","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-023-01829-9","article-title":"Asciminib vs bosutinib in chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia previously treated with at least two tyrosine kinase inhibitors: longer-term follow-up of ASCEMBL","volume":"37","author":"Hochhaus","year":"2023","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2400858","article-title":"Asciminib in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"391","author":"Hochhaus","year":"2024","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib8","series-title":"FDA grants accelerated approval to asciminib for newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia","author":"US Food and Drug Administration","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib9","unstructured":"NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines\u00ae) for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Version 1.2026.\u00a9 National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc 2026."},{"issue":"38","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1080\/14796694.2024.2402680","article-title":"Dose-escalation of second-line and first-line asciminib in chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase: the ASC2ESCALATE Phase II trial","volume":"20","author":"Atallah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Future Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-200717","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of asciminib in chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP): interim results from the phase 2 ASC2ESCALATE trial in the cohort of patients (Pts) after 1 prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)","volume":"144","author":"Atallah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2025-906","article-title":"Asciminib (ASC) in chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic Phase (CML-CP): efficacy and safety results of the phase 2 ASC2ESCALATE trial in the cohort of patients (pts) with 1 prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)","volume":"146","author":"Cortes","year":"2025","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/pan\/mpr025","article-title":"Entropy balancing for causal effects: a multivariate reweighting method to produce balanced samples in observational studies","volume":"20","author":"Hainmueller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pol. Anal."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v054.i07","article-title":"ebalance: a stata package for entropy balancing","volume":"54","author":"Hainmueller","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4121","article-title":"A comparison of entropy balance and probability weighting methods to generalize observational cohorts to a population: a simulation and empirical example","volume":"26","author":"Harvey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug. Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib16","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2025.108089","article-title":"Treatment with asciminib after a prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor in patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"157","author":"Atallah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03263529","article-title":"A pretest for choosing between logrank and wilcoxon tests in the two-sample problem","volume":"68","author":"Martinez","year":"2010","journal-title":"METRON"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.1-2.203","article-title":"A generalized Wilcoxon test for comparing arbitrarily singly-censored samples","volume":"52","author":"Gehan","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/64.1.156","article-title":"On distribution-free tests for equality of survival distributions","volume":"64","author":"Tarone","year":"1977","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib21","unstructured":"Cortes, J. Asciminib in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Chronic Phase: Positive Primary Results of the Phase 2 ASC2ESCALATE Trial in the Cohort of Patients With 1 Prior Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor. Oral presentation at: 67th ASH Annual Meeting and Exposition; December 6-9, 2025; in Orlando, FL."},{"issue":"Supplement 17","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"LBA6500","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2024.42.17_suppl.LBA6500","article-title":"ASC4FIRST, a pivotal phase 3 study of asciminib (ASC) vs investigator-selected tyrosine kinase inhibitors (IS TKIs) in newly diagnosed patients (pts) with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML): primary results","volume":"42","author":"Hughes","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2025029210","article-title":"Asciminib demonstrates superior efficacy and safety in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in the ASC4FIRST trial","volume":"147","author":"Cortes","year":"2026","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2024.09.013","article-title":"Real-world evaluation of treatment patterns and clinical outcomes among patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase treated with asciminib in clinical practice in the united states: real-world asciminib treatment outcomes in CML-CP","volume":"25","author":"Atallah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.70101","article-title":"Real-world efficacy profile of compassionate use of asciminib in an Italian, multi-resistant chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML-CP) patient population","volume":"43","author":"Breccia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hematol. Oncol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.16446","article-title":"Clinical outcomes of chronic myeloid leukaemia patients taking asciminib through a Managed Access Programme (MAP) in Australia","volume":"54","author":"Chee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Intern. Med. J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-021-00420-8","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of asciminib treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia patients in real-life clinical practice","volume":"11","author":"Garcia-Gutierrez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-024-03873-2","article-title":"Real-world toxicity and efficacy of asciminib in heavily pretreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"121","author":"Ishii","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HS9.0000845716.75856.2d","article-title":"P708: Canadian and Russian experiences of asciminib in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients who failed multiple lines of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy","volume":"6","author":"Khadadah","year":"2022","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2023.107374","article-title":"Canadian real-world experience of asciminib treatment in heavily pre-treated chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients who failed multiple lines of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy","volume":"133","author":"Khadadah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Leuk. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2022.281386","article-title":"Treatment patterns and clinical outcomes of asciminib in a real-world multiresistant chronic myeloid leukemia patient population","volume":"108","author":"Kockerols","year":"2023","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-022-04932-6","article-title":"Real-life analysis on safety and efficacy of asciminib for ponatinib pretreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"101","author":"Luna","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Hematol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.14330","article-title":"Asciminib in advanced-line treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia","volume":"114","author":"Shacham-Abulafia","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Haematol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HS9.0000845708.96602.91","article-title":"P706: Asciminib use in CML: the UK experience","volume":"6","author":"Innes","year":"2022","journal-title":"HemaSphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khanna A., Small H., Lutchman D., Erlich R., Marquez G., Yang D., et al. ASC4REAL: Efficacy and tolerability comparison between Ascembl Study, a phase 3 randomized clinical trial (RCT), and consolidated real-world (RW) evidence with asciminib in CML patients beyond 2 TKIs. Blood, 144, 2024, 4527.","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-201022"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2021000240","article-title":"Blast and accelerated phase CML: room for improvement","volume":"2021","author":"How","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6610","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2024-210152","article-title":"Outcomes of accelerated and blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia at a tertiary center","volume":"144","author":"Mohamed","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"}],"container-title":["Leukemia Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521262600189X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S014521262600189X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:36:31Z","timestamp":1792665391000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S014521262600189X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S014521262600189X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345","relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-2126"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-2126","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Real-world outcomes of asciminib versus first- and second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors as second-line treatment for chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Leukemia Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.leukres.2026.108345","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108345"}}