{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:29:37Z","timestamp":1790958577917,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017001","name":"Islamia University of Bahawalpur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Life Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,29]],"date-time":"2020-12-29T16:49:59Z","timestamp":1609260599000},"page":"118971","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"special_numbering":"C","title":["In vitro anti-leukemic assessment and sustained release behaviour of cytarabine loaded biodegradable polymer based nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"267","author":[{"given":"Nasrullah","family":"Jan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asadullah","family":"Madni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Abdur","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed Ullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talha","family":"Jamshaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arshad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Jabar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safiullah","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2217\/pgs.09.118","article-title":"Genetic factors influencing cytarabine therapy","volume":"10","author":"Lamba","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pharmacogenomics"},{"issue":"58","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA10111A","article-title":"Preparation and characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with cytarabine via a micellar composition for leukemia","volume":"6","author":"Raj","year":"2016","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1991.9.4.679","article-title":"Cytarabine and neurologic toxicity","volume":"9","author":"Baker","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(81)90240-3","article-title":"Corneal toxicity with systemic cytarabine","volume":"91","author":"Hopen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-199005010-00003","article-title":"The toxicity of cytarabine","volume":"5","author":"Stentoft","year":"1990","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0030","article-title":"Marked effects of combined TPGS and PVA emulsifiers in the fabrication of etoposide-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles: in vitro and in vivo evaluation","volume":"464","author":"Saadati","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-0286(02)00117-1","article-title":"Biodegradable nanoparticles for drug delivery and targeting","volume":"6","author":"Hans","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00207-2","article-title":"Biodegradable poly (\u03b5-caprolactone)-poly (ethylene glycol) block copolymers: characterization and their use as drug carriers for a controlled delivery system","volume":"24","author":"Zhou","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2004.01.044","article-title":"Poly-\u03f5-caprolactone microspheres and nanospheres: an overview","volume":"278","author":"Sinha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-020-01723-y","article-title":"Erlotinib-loaded poly (\u03b5-caprolactone) nanocapsules improve in vitro cytotoxicity and anticlonogenic effects on human A549 lung cancer cells","volume":"21","author":"Bruinsmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/03639045.2013.850710","article-title":"Design, optimization and evaluation of poly-\u025b-caprolactone (PCL) based polymeric nanoparticles for oral delivery of lopinavir","volume":"41","author":"Ravi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2014.05.029","article-title":"Sustained-release from nanocarriers: a review","volume":"193","author":"Natarajan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0065","article-title":"Improved entrapment efficiency of hydrophilic drug substance during nanoprecipitation of poly (I) lactide nanoparticles","volume":"5","author":"Peltonen","year":"2004","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2016.03.028","article-title":"Chitosan-based nanoparticles as drug delivery systems for doxorubicin: optimization and modelling","volume":"147","author":"Soares","year":"2016","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.103","article-title":"Development, characterization, antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of poly (\u0190-caprolactone) nanoparticles loaded with a neuroprotective fraction of Hypericum perforatum","volume":"110","author":"Oliveira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2017.04.116","article-title":"Synthesis characterization and biological evaluation of alginate nanoparticle for the targeted delivery of curcumin","volume":"78","author":"Anirudhan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2013.08.049","article-title":"Assessing the physical\u2013chemical properties and stability of dapivirine-loaded polymeric nanoparticles","volume":"456","author":"das Neves","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2014.06.029","article-title":"Docetaxel loaded chitosan nanoparticles: formulation, characterization and cytotoxicity studies","volume":"69","author":"Jain","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-6031(92)80042-U","article-title":"Applications of simultaneous DSC\/FTIR analysis","volume":"195","author":"Johnson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Thermochim. Acta"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2012.12.009","article-title":"Injectable nanomaterials for drug delivery: carriers, targeting moieties, and therapeutics","volume":"84","author":"Webster","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2217\/17435889.2.2.219","article-title":"Doxorubicin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation: preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation","volume":"2","author":"Betancourt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0110","article-title":"Formulation and characterization of curcuminoids loaded solid lipid nanoparticles","volume":"337","author":"Tiyaboonchai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2011.07.025","article-title":"Development and evaluation of olanzapine-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for nose-to-brain delivery: in vitro and in vivo studies","volume":"7","author":"Seju","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2006.11.061","article-title":"Haloperidol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles: systematic study of particle size and drug content","volume":"336","author":"Budhian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.10046","article-title":"The preparation of monodisperse biodegradable polyester nanoparticles with a controlled size","volume":"66","author":"Zweers","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0130","first-page":"214","article-title":"Development and optimization of quercetin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles by experimental design","volume":"88","author":"Tefas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clujul Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/03639045.2011.641562","article-title":"Preparation and in vitro evaluation of meloxicam-loaded PLGA nanoparticles on HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells","volume":"38","author":"\u015eengel-T\u00fcrk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2018.07.069","article-title":"Chitosan\/alginate nanoparticles as a promising approach for oral delivery of curcumin diglutaric acid for cancer treatment","volume":"93","author":"Sorasitthiyanukarn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C Mater. Biol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0145","article-title":"Chitosan functionalized poly (\u03b5-caprolactone) nanoparticles for amphotericin B delivery","volume":"202","author":"Marcano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2010.09.019","article-title":"Electrospun chitosan-graft-poly (\u025b-caprolactone)\/poly (\u025b-caprolactone) cationic nanofibrous mats as potential scaffolds for skin tissue engineering","volume":"48","author":"Chen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2014.948643","article-title":"Development and evaluation of carboplatin-loaded PCL nanoparticles for intranasal delivery","volume":"23","author":"Alex","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0160","article-title":"The effect of poloxamer 188 on nanoparticle morphology, size, cancer cell uptake, and cytotoxicity","volume":"6","author":"Yan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2008.01.013","article-title":"Dual agents loaded PLGA nanoparticles: systematic study of particle size and drug entrapment efficiency","volume":"69","author":"Song","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/156010","article-title":"Formulation and optimization of polymeric nanoparticles for intranasal delivery of lorazepam using Box-Behnken design: in vitro and in vivo evaluation","volume":"2014","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2010.07.007","article-title":"Rivastigmine-loaded PLGA and PBCA nanoparticles: preparation, optimization, characterization, in vitro and pharmacodynamic studies","volume":"76","author":"Joshi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.22266","article-title":"Formulation and evaluation of quercetin polycaprolactone microspheres for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"100","author":"Natarajan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1166\/jbn.2012.1464","article-title":"Synthesis of cytarabine lipid drug conjugate for treatment of meningeal leukemia: development, characterization and in vitro cell line studies","volume":"8","author":"Sharma","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Nanotechnol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0190","article-title":"The preparation and evaluation of poly (\u03f5-caprolactone) microparticles containing both a lipophilic and a hydrophilic drug","volume":"65","author":"Perez","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0195","article-title":"Disodium norcantharidate loaded poly (\u025b-caprolactone) microspheres: I. preparation and evaluation","volume":"350","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0200","article-title":"Preparation of poly (epsilon-caprolactone) microspheres containing etoposide by solvent evaporation method","volume":"5","author":"Dhanaraju","year":"2010","journal-title":"Asian J Pharm Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/10717540802174662","article-title":"Etoposide-loaded PLGA and PCL nanoparticles I: preparation and effect of formulation variables","volume":"15","author":"Snehalatha","year":"2008","journal-title":"Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2009.03.028","article-title":"Effect of polymer viscosity on physicochemical properties and ocular tolerance of FB-loaded PLGA nanospheres","volume":"72","author":"Ara\u00fajo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. B: Biointerfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2018.11.014","article-title":"Toxicological study of doxorubicin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of glioblastoma","volume":"554","author":"Pereverzeva","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-013-2075-6","article-title":"Development and evaluation of triclosan loaded poly-\u03b5-caprolactone nanoparticulate system for the treatment of periodontal infections","volume":"15","author":"Aminu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Nanopart. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0225","article-title":"Effect of process and formulation variables on the preparation of parenteral paclitaxel-loaded biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles: a co-surfactant study","volume":"11","author":"Sharma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian J Pharm Sci."},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0230","article-title":"Development of pH-and time-dependent oral microparticles to optimize budesonide delivery to ileum and colon","volume":"338","author":"Krishnamachari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2007.11.014","article-title":"Kinetin riboside preferentially induces apoptosis by modulating Bcl-2 family proteins and caspase-3 in cancer cells","volume":"261","author":"Choi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0240","article-title":"Synergistic effect of magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4 with gambogic acid on apoptosis of K562 leukemia cells","volume":"4","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)80066-N","article-title":"Bcl-2 functions in an antioxidant pathway to prevent apoptosis","volume":"75","author":"Hockenbery","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cell."}],"container-title":["Life Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0024320520317318?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0024320520317318?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,2]],"date-time":"2024-07-02T03:25:10Z","timestamp":1719890710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0024320520317318"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["S0024320520317318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971","relation":{},"ISSN":["0024-3205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0024-3205","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"In vitro anti-leukemic assessment and sustained release behaviour of cytarabine loaded biodegradable polymer based nanoparticles","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Life Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.118971","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"118971"}}