{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T08:25:54Z","timestamp":1772094354387,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,1]],"date-time":"2015-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435708800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008898","name":"National Space Biomedical Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NCC 9-58"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCC 9-58"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008898","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Skin Diseases Research Core Center"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"NIAMS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5-P30-AR-057217"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5-P30-AR-057217"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32CA009677"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32CA009677"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Life Sciences in Space Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]],"date-time":"2015-06-18T17:32:41Z","timestamp":1434648761000},"page":"21-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Dermatopathology effects of simulated solar particle event radiation exposure in the porcine model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8714-6402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenine K.","family":"Sanzari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric S.","family":"Diffenderfer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Hagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul C.","family":"Billings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daila S.","family":"Gridley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John T.","family":"Seykora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann R.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith A.","family":"Cengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39521","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0039521","article-title":"Persistent DNA damage after high dose in vivo gamma exposure of minipig skin","volume":"7","author":"Ahmed","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2542082312","article-title":"Fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures: a review of radiation effects on patients' skin and hair","volume":"254","author":"Balter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.12594","article-title":"Comparative analysis of colorimetric staining in skin using open-source software","volume":"24","author":"Billings","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-010-0315-z","article-title":"Using electron beam radiation to simulate the dose distribution for whole body solar particle event proton exposure","volume":"49","author":"Cengel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-6649rev","article-title":"Human skin pigmentation: melanocytes modulate skin color in response to stress","volume":"21","author":"Costin","year":"2007","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1093\/jrr\/rrt118","article-title":"Monte Carlo modeling in CT-based geometries: dosimetry for biological modeling experiments with particle beam radiation","volume":"55","author":"Diffenderfer","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s00114-006-0204-0","article-title":"Getting ready for the manned mission to Mars: the astronauts' risk from space radiation","volume":"94","author":"Hellweg","year":"2007","journal-title":"Naturwissenschaften"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1080\/09553009014550911","article-title":"The skin: its structure and response to ionizing radiation","volume":"57","author":"Hopewell","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1080\/09553000310001600907","article-title":"Time factor for acute tissue reactions following fractionated irradiation: a balance between repopulation and enhanced radiosensitivity","volume":"79","author":"Hopewell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1097\/01.HP.0000339020.92837.61","article-title":"Modeling the acute health effects of astronauts from exposure to large solar particle events","volume":"96","author":"Hu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0303-6987.2005.00281.x","article-title":"Ultraviolet radiation and skin cancer: molecular mechanisms","volume":"32","author":"Hussein","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Cutan. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.2741\/1958","article-title":"Cutaneous photoprotection and melanoma susceptibility: reaching beyond melanin content to the frontiers of DNA repair","volume":"11","author":"Kadekaro","year":"2006","journal-title":"Front. Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0100","unstructured":"I.A.E. Agency, 1988. Radiological accident in Goiania, Austria."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700189","article-title":"Heavy water labeling of keratin as a non-invasive biomarker of skin turnover in vivo in rodents and humans","volume":"126","author":"Lindwall","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0130","first-page":"105","article-title":"Radiation effects on pig skin. Exposure to different densities of ionization","volume":"99","author":"Lippincott","year":"1975","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962012000400014","article-title":"Techniques of digital image analysis for histological quantification of melanin","volume":"87","author":"Miot","year":"2012","journal-title":"An. Bras. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0090","series-title":"The Medical Basis for Radiation Accident Preparedness II","author":"Ricks","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0310","series-title":"The Essentials of Rubin's Pathology","author":"Rubin","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1667\/RR3027.1","article-title":"Acute hematological effects of solar particle event proton radiation in the porcine model","volume":"180","author":"Sanzari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0273-1177(02)00655-5","article-title":"Comment on estimating the solar proton environment that may affect Mars missions","volume":"31","author":"Smart","year":"2003","journal-title":"Adv. Space Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2012.02.039","article-title":"Novel properties of melanins include promotion of DNA strand breaks, impairment of repair, and reduced ability to damage DNA after quenching of singlet oxygen","volume":"52","author":"Suzukawa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1159\/000248449","article-title":"Mechanisms for hyperpigmentation in postinflammatory pigmentation, urticaria pigmentosa and sunburn","volume":"179","author":"Tomita","year":"1989","journal-title":"Dermatologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0749.1992.tb00562.x","article-title":"Melanocyte-stimulating properties of arachidonic acid metabolites: possible role in postinflammatory pigmentation","volume":"5","author":"Tomita","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/nci141","article-title":"Implications of the space radiation environment for human exploration in deep space","volume":"115","author":"Townsend","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiat. Prot. Dosim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8140(88)90047-3","article-title":"Repair and recovery in the epithelial and vascular connective tissues of pig skin after irradiation","volume":"11","author":"van den Aardweg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Radiother. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0050","first-page":"361","article-title":"Shielding from solar particle event exposures in deep space","volume":"30","author":"Wilson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1667\/RR2541.1","article-title":"Acute biological effects of simulating the whole-body radiation dose distribution from a solar particle event using a porcine model","volume":"176","author":"Wilson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0060","series-title":"Risk of acute radiation syndromes due to solar particle events","first-page":"171","author":"Wu","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.29","article-title":"Physiological factors that regulate skin pigmentation","volume":"35","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2009","journal-title":"BioFactors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27557","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R700026200","article-title":"The regulation of skin pigmentation","volume":"282","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.3109\/02841869709001328","article-title":"Acute response of pig skin to irradiation with 12C-ions or 200 kV X-rays","volume":"36","author":"Zacharias","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003_br0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e100800","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100800","article-title":"Ionizing radiation selectively reduces skin regulatory T cells and alters immune function","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Life Sciences in Space Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214552415000590?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2214552415000590?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T13:19:51Z","timestamp":1762003191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2214552415000590"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["S2214552415000590"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["2214-5524"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-5524","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dermatopathology effects of simulated solar particle event radiation exposure in the porcine model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Life Sciences in Space Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lssr.2015.06.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}