{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T11:34:54Z","timestamp":1790768094118,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,17]],"date-time":"2022-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658016000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":258,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000104","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000104","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006199","name":"NASA Langley Research Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006199","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Life Sciences in Space Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,17]],"date-time":"2021-07-17T00:32:02Z","timestamp":1626481922000},"page":"14-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Improving astronaut cancer risk assessment from space radiation with an ensemble model framework"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Lisa C.","family":"Simonsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tony C.","family":"Slaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.2307\/3575758","article-title":"Tumorigenic potential of high-Z, high-LET charged particle radiations","volume":"88","author":"Alpen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0002","article-title":"United States life tables, 2011","volume":"64","author":"Arias","year":"2015","journal-title":"Natl. Vital Stat. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0003","article-title":"HZE radiation non-targeted effects on the microenvironment that mediate mammary carcinogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Barcellos-Hoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12605","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12605","article-title":"Mutational signatures of ionizing radiation in second malignancies","volume":"7","author":"Behjati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0005","article-title":"The million person study relevance to space exploration and mars","author":"Boice","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0006","article-title":"The million person study, whence it came and why","author":"Boice","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0007","article-title":"Sex-specific lung cancer risk among radiation workers in the million person study and among TB-fluoroscopy patients","author":"Boice","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0008","article-title":"Design and dosimetry of a facility to study health effects following exposures to fission neutrons at low dose rates for long durations","author":"Borak","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Rad. Bio."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0000000000000231","article-title":"Dose reconstruction for the million worker study: status and guidelines","volume":"108","author":"Bouville","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0010","series-title":"The Health Consequences of Smoking \u201350 Years of progress: A Report of the Surgeon General: (510072014-001)","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0011","unstructured":"CDC, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Cancer Institute, \"United States Cancer Statistics: 1999-2012 Incidence, WONDER Online Database,\" 2015a. [http:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/cancer-v2012.html (accessed May 1, 2021)]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0012","unstructured":"CDC, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \"United States Cancer Statistics: 1999-2012 Mortality, WONDER Online Database,\" 2015b. http:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/CancerMort-v2012.html (accessed May 1, 2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1667\/RR15539.1","article-title":"Assessing nonlinearity in harderian gland tumor induction using three combined HZE-irradiated mouse datasets","volume":"194","author":"Chappell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1667\/RR15391.1","article-title":"Assessing the relative biological effectiveness of neutrons across organs of varying depth among the atomic bomb survivors","volume":"192","author":"Cordova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0015","unstructured":"Cucinotta F.A., Kim M.Y., Chappell LJ. Space radiation cancer risk projections and uncertainties \u20132012. NASA TP 2013-207375, 2013."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120717","article-title":"A new approach to reduce uncertainties in space radiation cancer risk predictions","volume":"10","author":"Cucinotta","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02087-3","article-title":"Non-targeted effects models predict significantly higher Mars mission cancer risk than targeted effects models","volume":"7","author":"Cucinotta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0018","first-page":"1","article-title":"Predictions of space radiation fatality risk for exploration missions","volume":"13","author":"Cucinotta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Life Sci. Sp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0019","first-page":"64","article-title":"Benchmarking risk predictions and uncertainties in the NSCR model of GCR cancer risks with revised low LET risk coefficients","volume":"27","author":"Cucinotta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci. Sp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e59295","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059295","article-title":"Heavy ion radiation exposure triggered higher intestinal tumor frequency and greater \u03b2-catenin activation than \u03b3 radiation in APC Min\/+ mice","volume":"8","author":"Datta","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0021","article-title":"Dosimetry and uncertainty approaches for the million person study of low-dose radiation health effects: overview of the recommendations in NCRP Report No. 178","author":"Dauer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Rad. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/32\/3\/205","article-title":"RadRAT: a radiation risk assessment tool for lifetime cancer risk projection","volume":"32","author":"de Gonzalez","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Radiol. Prot."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0023","first-page":"93","article-title":"p53 mutations in lung cancer following radiation therapy for Hodgkin's disease","volume":"5","author":"De Benedetti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aax5940","article-title":"Genomic mapping in outbred mice reveals overlap in genetic susceptibility for HZE ion\u2013 and \u03b3-ray\u2013induced tumors","volume":"6","author":"Edmondson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/insr.12243","article-title":"Bayesian model averaging: a systematic review and conception classification","volume":"86","author":"Fragoso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. Stat. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_sbref0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0434(2000)015<0571:MC>2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Model consensus","volume":"15","author":"Fritsch","year":"2000","journal-title":"Weather Forecast."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0027","article-title":"Ensemble forecasting of major solar flares: methods for combining models","volume":"10","author":"Guerra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sp. Weather Sp. Clim."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0028","first-page":"41","article-title":"Cancer incidence risks above and below 1 Gy for radiation protection in space","volume":"28","author":"Hafner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci. Sp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0029","article-title":"Cohort profile: the international nuclear workers study (INWORKS)","author":"Hamra","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0030","article-title":"Combining model and parameter uncertainty in Bayesian neural networks","author":"Hubin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Math. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0031","series-title":"International Commission on Radiological Protection. Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection","year":"1991"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0032","series-title":"International Commission on Radiological Protection. The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0033","series-title":"Health Standards for Long Duration and Exploration Spaceflight: Ethics Principles, Responsibilities, and Decision Framework.\" Committee on Aerospace Medicine and Medicine in Extreme Environments","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-011-0387-4","article-title":"Breast cancer risk in atomic bomb survivors from multi-model inference with incidence data 1958\u20131998","volume":"51","author":"Kaiser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-012-0437-6","article-title":"Independent analysis of the radiation risk for leukaemia in children and adults with mortality data (1950\u20132003) of Japanese A-bomb survivors","volume":"52","author":"Kaiser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.2307\/3573247","article-title":"Inactivation of cells by heavy ion bombardment","volume":"47","author":"Katz","year":"1971","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213190","article-title":"Projections of Ebola outbreak size and duration with and without vaccine use in \u00c9quateur, Democratic Republic of Congo, as of May 27, 2018","volume":"14","author":"Kelly","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1097\/HP.0000000000000838","article-title":"Probability distribution of dose and dose-rate effectiveness factor for use in estimating risks of solid cancers from exposure to low-LET radiation","volume":"114","author":"Kocher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0039","series-title":"Information Theory and Statistics","author":"Kullback","year":"1978"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.128698","article-title":"Mutational landscape in genetically engineered, carcinogen-induced, and radiation-induced mouse sarcoma","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-020-00890-7","article-title":"Risk of cancer associated with low-dose radiation exposure: comparison of results between the INWORKS nuclear workers study and the A-bomb survivors study","volume":"60","author":"Leuraud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0042","article-title":"Concurrent assessment of epidemiological and operational uncertainties for optimal outbreak control: Ebola as a case study","volume":"286","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0043","first-page":"339","article-title":"Mutational signatures in tumours induced by high and low energy radiation in Trp53 deficient mice","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1004187","article-title":"A Bayesian ensemble approach for epidemiological projections","volume":"11","author":"Lindstr\u00f6m","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1667\/RR1091.1","article-title":"New models for evaluation of radiation-induced lifetime cancer risk and its uncertainty employed in the UNSCEAR 2006 report","volume":"169","author":"Little","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0046","first-page":"108","article-title":"Lung cancer progression using fast switching multiple ion beam radiation and countermeasure prevention","volume":"24","author":"Luitel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci. Sp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4849","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23202-y","article-title":"Integrated modeling of cell responses after irradiation for DNA targeted effects and non-targeted effects","volume":"8","author":"Matsuya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actaastro.2014.07.011","article-title":"Feasibility study of astronaut standardized career dose limits in LEO and the outlook for BLEO","volume":"104","author":"McKenna-Lawlor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Astronaut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0049","series-title":"[http: \/\/humanresearchroadmap .nasa.gov\/evidence] (Accessed May 1, 2021)","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0050","volume":"3001, Vol I","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0051","series-title":"Health and Medical Requirements for Human Space Exploration","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0052","series-title":"Artemis Plan: NASA's Lunar Exploration Program Overview","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0053","unstructured":"NCRP, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Recommendations of dose limits for low earth orbit. NCRP Report 132, Bethesda MD, 2000."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0054","unstructured":"NCRP, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Radiation protection for space activities: supplement to previous recommendations. NCRP Commentary 23, Bethesda MD, 2014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0055","series-title":"Report of the National Institutes of Health Ad Hoc Working Group to Develop Radioepidemiology Tables","first-page":"355","year":"1985"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0056","series-title":"Health risks from exposure to low levels of ionizing radiation. BEIR VII Phase 2 report","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0057","series-title":"Committee for Evaluation of Space Radiation Cancer Risk Model, Technical evaluation of the NASA model for cancer risk to astronauts due to space radiation","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.09.020","article-title":"An ensemble approach to predicting the impact of vaccination on rotavirus disease in Niger","volume":"35","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1667\/RR0763.1","article-title":"Solid cancer incidence in atomic bomb survivors: 1958-1998","volume":"168","author":"Preston","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005910","article-title":"Prediction of infectious disease epidemics via weighted density ensembles","volume":"14","author":"Ray","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1667\/RR15546.1","article-title":"Dosimetric impact of a new computational voxel phantom series for the Japanese atomic bomb survivors: methodological improvements and organ dose response functions","volume":"194","author":"Sato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiat. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0062","series-title":"Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing","first-page":"304","author":"Sch\u00fctze","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1667\/RR009CC.1","article-title":"Scaling human cancer risks from low LET to high LET when dose-effect relationships are complex","volume":"187","author":"Shuryak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0064","series-title":"Density Estimation for Statistics and Data Analysis","author":"Silverman","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0065","unstructured":"Simonsen L.C., Slaba TC. Ensemble methodologies for astronaut cancer risk assessment in the face of large uncertainties. NASA TP 2020-5008710, 2020. https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/api\/citations\/20205008710\/downloads\/NASA-TP-20205008710.pdf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000669","article-title":"NASA's first ground-based galactic cosmic ray simulator: enabling a new era in space radiobiology research","author":"Simonsen","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLOS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1667\/RR14411.1","article-title":"Mixed beam murine harderian gland tumorigenesis: predicted dose-effect relationships if neither synergism nor antagonism occurs","volume":"186","author":"Siranart","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiat. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asr.2009.08.017","article-title":"Utilization of CAM, CAF, MAX, and FAX for space radiation analyses using HZETRN","volume":"45","author":"Slaba","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Sp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0069","first-page":"52","article-title":"Reference field specification and preliminary beam selection strategy for accelerator-based GCR simulation","volume":"8","author":"Slaba","year":"2016","journal-title":"Life Sci. Sp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0070","article-title":"The Badhwar-O'Neill 2020 model","volume":"18","author":"Slaba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sp. Weather"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0071","first-page":"6","article-title":"Updated deterministic radiation transport for future deep space missions","volume":"27","author":"Slaba","year":"2020","journal-title":"Life Sci. Sp. Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0072","first-page":"4751","article-title":"Uncertainty in weather and climate prediction","volume":"369","author":"Slingo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. A Math Phys. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001157","article-title":"Ensemble modeling of the likely public health impact of a pre-erythrocytic malaria vaccine","volume":"9","author":"Smith","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0074","first-page":"2053","article-title":"The use of the multi-model ensemble in probabilistic climate projections","volume":"365","author":"Tebaldi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. A Math Phys. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-010-0292-2","article-title":"Enhanced intestinal tumor multiplicity and grade in vivo after HZE exposure: mouse models for space radiation risk estimates","volume":"49","author":"Trani","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0076","unstructured":"Townsend L.W., Nealy J.E., Wilson J.W., Simonsen LC. Estimates of galactic cosmic ray shielding requirements during solar minimum. NASA TM-4167, 1990."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0077","unstructured":"UNSCEAR, United Nations scientific committee on the effects of atomic radiation. Sources and effects of ionizing radiation. UNSCEAR 2006 report to the general assembly, with scientific annexes. United Nations, New York NY, 2006."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/s00411-010-0337-6","article-title":"Multi-model inference of adult and childhood leukaemia excess relative risks based on the Japanese A-bomb survivors mortality data (1950-2000)","volume":"50","author":"Walsh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Radiat. Environ. Biophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0079","first-page":"73","article-title":"Research plans in Europe for radiation health hazard assessment in exploratory space missions","volume":"21","author":"Walsh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Life Sci. Sp. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0080","series-title":"Biological Effects and Physics of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Rays","first-page":"295","article-title":"Cell kinetics and track structure","author":"Wilson","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00162-012-0273-y","article-title":"On the expression of uncertainty intervals in engineering","volume":"26","author":"Zang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn."}],"container-title":["Life Sciences in Space Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221455242100047X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S221455242100047X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T13:22:46Z","timestamp":1762003366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S221455242100047X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["S221455242100047X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.01.29.428854","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2214-5524"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2214-5524","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Improving astronaut cancer risk assessment from space radiation with an ensemble model framework","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Life Sciences in Space Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lssr.2021.07.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR).","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}