{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:53:02Z","timestamp":1792270382546,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000943","name":"Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DNP-MPA-2122-064"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DNP-MPA-2122-064"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000943","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008344","name":"Australian Institute of Marine Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008344","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Marine Environmental Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,21]],"date-time":"2024-12-21T11:15:15Z","timestamp":1734779715000},"page":"106915","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Status of coral, giant clam and sea cucumber communities including CITES listed species on a remote Australian coral reef atoll and the potential impact of illegal fishing"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"204","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0876-2144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John K.","family":"Keesing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Bessey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Mortimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey R.","family":"Hosack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael D.E.","family":"Haywood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Orr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Logan","family":"Hellmrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren K.","family":"Hardiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Kalkowski-Pope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Slawinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham J.","family":"Edgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141039","article-title":"A standardised vocabulary for identifying benthic biota and substrata from underwater imagery: the CATAMI classification scheme","volume":"10","author":"Althaus","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1071\/MF19378","article-title":"Recurrent coral bleaching in north-western Australia and associated declines in coral cover","volume":"72","author":"Babcock","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar. Freshw. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1093\/icesjms\/fsx105","article-title":"Effective marine protected areas require a sea change in compliance management","volume":"75","author":"Bergseth","year":"2018","journal-title":"ICES (Int. Counc. Explor. Sea) J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib4","series-title":"The World of Sea Cucumbers: Challenges, Advances, and Innovations","first-page":"171","article-title":"Sea cucumber crime","author":"Bondaroff","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.18195\/issn.0313-122x.77.2009.177-208","article-title":"The macromolluscs of Mermaid (Rowley shoals), Scott and Seringapatam reefs, Western Australia","volume":"77","author":"Bryce","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rec. West. Aust. Mus. Suppl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fishres.2016.03.001","article-title":"Status of the California sea cucumber (Parastichopus californicus) and red sea urchin (Mesocentrotus franciscanus) commercial dive fisheries in the San Juan Islands, Washington State, USA","volume":"179","author":"Carson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fish. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib7","series-title":"Ashmore Reef 2006 survey of the distribution and abundance of Trochus, holothurians and tridacnid clams, to assess the impact of recent illegal fishing on target invertebrate stocks","author":"Ceccarelli","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1071\/PC110132","article-title":"Population trends of remote invertebrate resources in a marine reserve: trochus and holothurians at Ashmore Reef","volume":"17","author":"Ceccarelli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pac. Conserv. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib9","series-title":"JCU Report to Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities","first-page":"39","article-title":"Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve marine survey 2013: methods field test","author":"Ceccarelli","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib11","series-title":"Mermaid Reef Marine Nature Reserve: Information for Visitors","first-page":"48","year":"2009"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib12","first-page":"3","article-title":"The IUCN Red List assessment of aspidochirotid sea cucumbers and its implications","volume":"34","author":"Conand","year":"2014","journal-title":"SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib13","series-title":"North-West Marine Parks Network Management Plan 2018","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib14","series-title":"Surveys of Coral and Fish Communities at Scott Reef and Rowley Shoals. Report to the Browse Joint Venture Partners","first-page":"195","author":"Done","year":"1994"},{"issue":"7487","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13022","article-title":"Global conservation outcomes depend on marine protected areas with five key features","volume":"506","author":"Edgar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib16","series-title":"Tropical Marine Life of Australia","author":"Edgar","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib17","series-title":"Reef life survey assessment of coral reef biodiversity in the North-West Commonwealth Marine Reserves Network","volume":"60","author":"Edgar","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib18","series-title":"Reef Life Survey Assessment of Coral Reef Biodiversity in the North-west Marine Parks Network","author":"Edgar","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2009.00325.x","article-title":"Protein mining the world's oceans: Australasia as an example of illegal expansion-and-displacement fishing","volume":"10","author":"Field","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fish Fish."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib20","series-title":"Indonesia beyond the Water's Edge: Managing an Archipelagic State, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies","first-page":"195","article-title":"Legal and illegal Indonesian fishing in Australian waters","author":"Fox","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib21","series-title":"Data Compilation and Analysis for Rowley Shoals: Mermaid, Imperieuse and Clerke Reefs","author":"Gilmour","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s00338-019-01795-8","article-title":"The state of Western Australia's coral reefs","volume":"38","author":"Gilmour","year":"2019","journal-title":"Coral Reefs"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2509","DOI":"10.1002\/eap.2509","article-title":"A tale of two reef systems: local conditions, disturbances, coral life histories, and the climate catastrophe","volume":"32","author":"Gilmour","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2020.108457","article-title":"Comments on \u201cEvidence for rapid recovery of shark populations within a coral reef marine protected area\u201d. Speed et al. 2018 220: 308\u2013319","volume":"243","author":"Guinea","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2019.00746","article-title":"Designing monitoring programs for marine protected areas within an evidence based decision making paradigm","volume":"6","author":"Hayes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib26","series-title":"Survey Design for Holothurians and Tectus at Ashmore Reef. Final Report\". Prepared for the Australian Government Department of the Environment","first-page":"74","author":"Hosack","year":"2013"},{"issue":"7656","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22901","article-title":"Coral reefs in the Anthropocene","volume":"546","author":"Hughes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108992","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2021.108992","article-title":"A synthesis of the prevalence and drivers of non-compliance in marine protected areas","volume":"255","author":"Iacarella","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib28","series-title":"Ashmore Reef Marine Park Environmental Assessment. Report to Parks Australia","author":"Keesing","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.15578\/ifrj.16.2.2010.91-101","article-title":"Dominant catch of sea cucumber in data island (Scott Reef), Australia for the income","volume":"16","author":"Mahulette","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indones. Fish. Res. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib30","article-title":"Illegal Fishers caught on film off WA's Kimberley coast six months after cyclone killed Indonesian fishermen","author":"Maloney","year":"2023","journal-title":"Australian Broadcasting Commission news"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib31","article-title":"Concerns grow over environmental impact of illegal fishing on reefs off WA's Kimberley","author":"Maloney","year":"2023","journal-title":"Australian Broadcasting Commission news report 1 November"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib32","series-title":"Faunal Surveys of the Rowley Shoals, Scott Reef and Seringaham Reef, North-Western Australia","first-page":"63","article-title":"Part VI Echinoderms","author":"Marsh","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib33","series-title":"Surveys of Shark and Fin-Fish Abundance on Reefs within the MOU74 Box and Rowley Shoals Using Baited Remote Underwater Video Systems","author":"Meekan","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2014.11.004","article-title":"The ecological significance of giant clams in coral reef ecosystems","volume":"181","author":"Neo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib35","first-page":"19","article-title":"The catch of sea cucumber in Scott Ree around of Datu Island Australia","volume":"41","author":"Panggabean","year":"2016","journal-title":"BAWAL Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib36","article-title":"Discovery of illegal Indonesian fishing camp on Kimberley coast prompts biosecurity, border concerns","author":"Parke","year":"2022","journal-title":"Australian Broadcasting Commission news report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib37","article-title":"Foreign boat numbers spike as government ramps up enforcement on northern coast","author":"Parke","year":"2024","journal-title":"Australian Broadcasting Commission news report"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2017.03.033","article-title":"The money side of livelihoods: Economics of an unregulated small-scale Indonesian sea cucumber fishery in the Timor Sea","volume":"82","author":"Prescott","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mar. Pol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1071\/MF14146","article-title":"Soft bodies make estimation hard: correlations among body dimensions and weights of multiple species of sea cucumbers","volume":"66","author":"Prescott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Freshw. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib39","first-page":"375","article-title":"Ecological roles of exploited sea cucumbers","volume":"54","author":"Purcell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oceanogr. Mar. Biol. Annu. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2018.02.005","article-title":"Chinese market prices of beche-de-mer: implications for fisheries and aquaculture","volume":"91","author":"Purcell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Pol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib41","article-title":"Commercially important sea cucumbers of the world \u2013 second edition","author":"Purcell","year":"2023","journal-title":"FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes No. 6, Rev. 1. Rome, FAO"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib42","series-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib43","article-title":"Surveys of Trochus, Holothuria, Giant Clams and the coral communities at Ashmore Reef, Cartier Reef and Mermaid Reef, Northwestern Australia","volume":"64","author":"Rees","year":"2003","journal-title":"AIMS Report for the Department of the Environment and Heritage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib44","first-page":"139","article-title":"Report on traditional Indonesian fishing activities at Ashmore Reef nature reserve","volume":"1","author":"Russell","year":"1988","journal-title":"The Beagle, Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory, Supplement"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/18366503.2023.2223865","article-title":"Between the traditional and modern: Ashmore Reef in the collective memories of Rotenese fishermen in Papela","volume":"16","author":"Sari","year":"2024","journal-title":"Austr. J. Maritime Ocean Aff."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib46","article-title":"Potential influence of sea cucumbers on coral reef CaCO3 budget: a case study at One Tree Reef","volume":"116","author":"Schneider","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Geophys. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocon.2018.01.010","article-title":"Evidence for rapid recovery of shark populations within a coral reef marine protected area","volume":"220","author":"Speed","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biol. Conserv."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib48","series-title":"Survey and Stock Size Estimates of the Shallow Reef (0-15 M Deep) and Shoal Area (15-50 M Deep) Marine Resources and Habitat Mapping within the Timor Sea. Stock Estimates and Stock Status","author":"Skewes","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib49","first-page":"163","article-title":"Abundance, stock size and fishery status of the sedentary benthic resources of the reefs and shoals of the MOU74 Box. The Beagle: records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory","volume":"1","author":"Skewes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Supplement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1198\/016214504000000250","article-title":"Spatially balanced sampling of natural resources","volume":"99","author":"Stevens","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib51","first-page":"16","article-title":"A review of the emerging fishery for the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa: biology, policy, and future prospects","volume":"23","author":"Therkildsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"SPC Beche-de-mer Inf. Bull."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/faf.12532","article-title":"Progress and challenges in eliminating illegal fishing","volume":"22","author":"Vince","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fish Fish."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"coab082","DOI":"10.1093\/conphys\/coab082","article-title":"Conserving threatened species during rapid environmental change: using biological responses to inform management strategies of giant clams","volume":"9","author":"Watson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Conserv. Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib54","first-page":"3204","article-title":"Commercial sea cucumber trading status in Indonesia","volume":"14","author":"Wirawati","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aquacult., Aquar., Conserv. Legis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib55","series-title":"Sea Cucumber Fisheries, Utilization and Trade in Indonesia. In Report of the Regional Study on Sea Cucumber Fisheries, Utilization, and Trade in Southeast Asia, 2007-2008","first-page":"30","author":"Wiadnyana","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.13826","article-title":"Altered sediment biota and lagoon habitat carbonate dynamics due to sea cucumber bioturbation in a high-pCO2 environment","volume":"24","author":"Wolfe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Global Change Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2021.104748","article-title":"Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on fish trade and the coping strategies: an initial assessment from China's perspective","volume":"133","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mar. Pol."}],"container-title":["Marine Environmental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141113624005762?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0141113624005762?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T05:43:57Z","timestamp":1762235037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0141113624005762"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"references-count":58,"alternative-id":["S0141113624005762"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915","relation":{},"ISSN":["0141-1136"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0141-1136","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Status of coral, giant clam and sea cucumber communities including CITES listed species on a remote Australian coral reef atoll and the potential impact of illegal fishing","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Marine Environmental Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marenvres.2024.106915","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2024 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106915"}}