{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T03:58:55Z","timestamp":1781323135169,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,1]],"date-time":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596240000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Marine Pollution Bulletin"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T06:46:41Z","timestamp":1591339601000},"page":"111309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Trophic transfer of pollutants within two intertidal rocky shore ecosystems in different biogeographic regions of South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"157","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8505-8583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Erasmus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Ikenaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouta M.M.","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayumi","family":"Ishizuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nico J.","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor","family":"Wepener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/ieam.244","article-title":"Trophic magnification factors: considerations of ecology, ecosystems, and study design","volume":"8","author":"Borg\u00e5","year":"2012","journal-title":"Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-010-0025-x","article-title":"Organochlorine residues in South American sea lions, Otaria flavescens (Shaw, 1800): bioaccumulation and time trends","volume":"84","author":"Borrell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0131555","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0131555","article-title":"Major sources of organic matter in a complex coral reef lagoon. A study using isotopic signatures (\u03b413C and \u03b415N)","volume":"10","author":"Briand","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0020","first-page":"101e122","article-title":"Do Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn biomagnify in aquatic ecosystems?","volume":"226","author":"Cardwell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.1039\/B208701D","article-title":"Optimized separation and determination of methyl sulfone metabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and p, p\u2032-DDE in biota samples","volume":"127","author":"Chu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0045-6535(01)00191-6","article-title":"Patterns of PCBs and PCDD\/PCDFs in contaminated chicken and pork following a Belgian food contamination","volume":"47","author":"Covaci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2004.08.009","article-title":"Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in sediment cores from the Western Scheldt River (Belgium): analytical aspects and depth profiles","volume":"31","author":"Covaci","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2005.06.008","article-title":"Levels and distribution of organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in sediments and biota from the Danube Delta, Romania","volume":"140","author":"Covaci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.04.024","article-title":"Brown mussels (Perna perna) and semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs) as indicators of organic pollutants in the South African marine environment","volume":"63","author":"Degger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.04.040","article-title":"Application of artificial mussels (AMs) under South African marine conditions: a validation study","volume":"63","author":"Degger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2015.09.046","article-title":"Trace element and stable isotope analysis of fourteen species of marine invertebrates from the Bay of Fundy, Canada","volume":"101","author":"English","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.135047","article-title":"Perfluorinated compounds in the aquatic food chains of two subtropical estuaries","volume":"719","author":"Fauconier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.02.311","article-title":"Does trophic level drive organic and metallic contamination in coral reef organisms?","volume":"667","author":"Fey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2003.08.007","article-title":"Mussel-based monitoring of trace metal and organic contaminants along the east coast of China using Perna viridis and Mytilus edulis","volume":"127","author":"Fung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0075","series-title":"Rep. Stud. GESAMP No. 71","article-title":"Protecting the oceans from land-based activities - land-based sources and activities affecting the quality and uses of the marine, coastal and associated freshwater environment","author":"GESAMP (IMO\/FAO\/UNESCO-IOC\/WMO\/WHO\/IAEA\/UN\/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection)","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.10.058","article-title":"Distribution and bioaccumulation of POPs and mercury in the Ga-Selati River (South Africa) and the rivers Gudbrandsdalsl\u00e5gen and Rena (Norway)","volume":"121","author":"Govaerts","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-326X(01)00323-X","article-title":"Biomagnification in marine systems: the perspective of an ecologist","volume":"45","author":"Gray","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.04.026","article-title":"Richards Bay Harbour: metal exposure monitoring over the last 34 years","volume":"62","author":"Greenfield","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2014.03.032","article-title":"The usefulness of transplantation studies in monitoring of metals in the marine environment: South African experience","volume":"85","author":"Greenfield","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2017.10.028","article-title":"Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of metals, As and Se through a freshwater food web affected by antrophic pollution in C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina","volume":"148","author":"Griboff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012008","article-title":"Marine biodiversity in South Africa: an evaluation of current states of knowledge","volume":"5","author":"Griffiths","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0110","series-title":"Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife Scientific Services Technical Report","article-title":"Coastal and Marine Biodiversity Plan for KwaZuluNatal. Spatial priorities for the conservation of coastal and marine biodiversity in KwaZulu-Natal","author":"Harris","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2008.08.005","article-title":"\u03b413C and \u03b415N biogeographic trends in rocky intertidal communities along the coast of South Africa: evidence of strong environmental signatures","volume":"80","author":"Hill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.3354\/meps318063","article-title":"Biogeographic and nearshore-offshore trends in isotope ratios of intertidal mussels and their food sources around the coast of southern Africa","volume":"318","author":"Hill","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1007\/s00227-008-0983-2","article-title":"Temporal and spatial variability in stable isotope ratios of SPM link to local hydrography and longer term SPM averages suggest heavy dependence of mussels on nearshore production","volume":"154","author":"Hill","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mar. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/S0269-7491(02)00195-1","article-title":"Temporal variability of bioavailable Cd, Hg, Zn, Mn and Al in an upwelling regime","volume":"120","author":"Lares","year":"2002","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmarsys.2007.05.011","article-title":"Benthic community and food web structure on the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay (North Eastern Atlantic) revealed by stable isotopes analysis","volume":"72","author":"Le Loc\u2019h","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Mar. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2013.01.022","article-title":"Inter-site differences of zinc susceptibility of the oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis","volume":"132","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1921","DOI":"10.1021\/es048947e","article-title":"Why is metal bioaccumulation so variable? Biodynamics as a unifying concept","volume":"39","author":"Luoma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Environ Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s002449910038","article-title":"Factors controlling the bioaccumulation of mercury, methylmercury, arsenic, selenium, and cadmium by freshwater invertebrates and fish","volume":"38","author":"Mason","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.4319\/lo.1997.42.5.0930","article-title":"Nitrogen-stable isotope signatures in estuarine food webs: a record of increasing urbanization in coastal watersheds","volume":"42","author":"McClelland","year":"1997","journal-title":"Limnol. Oceanogr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1016\/S0967-0637(03)00073-6","article-title":"Relating low \u03b415N values of zooplankton to N2-fixation in the tropical North Atlantic: insights provided by stable isotope ratios of amino acids","volume":"50","author":"McClelland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Deep-Sea Res. I Oceanogr. Res. Pap."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0706.2003.12098.x","article-title":"Variation in trophic shift for stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur","volume":"102","author":"McCutchan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oikos"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2357","DOI":"10.5194\/bg-11-2357-2014","article-title":"Stable isotope dissect aquatic food webs from the top to the bottom","volume":"11","author":"Middelburg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biogeosciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-7037(84)90204-7","article-title":"Stepwise enrichment of 15N along food chains: further evidence and the relation between \u03b415N and animal age","volume":"48","author":"Minagawa","year":"1984","journal-title":"Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1080\/10934520600623158","article-title":"Seaweeds along KwaZulu-Natal Coast of South Africa\u20143: elemental uptake by Ulva lactuca (sea lettuce)","volume":"41","author":"Misheer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2015.11.048","article-title":"From water to edible fish. Transfer of metals and metalloids in the San Roque Reservoir (C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina). Implications associated with fish consumption","volume":"63","author":"Monferr\u00e1n","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oceano.2018.10.001","article-title":"Trophic connectivity between intertidal and offshore food webs in Mirs Bay, China","volume":"61","author":"Ning","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oceanologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.2989\/1814232X.2019.1576540","article-title":"Spatial considerations when monitoring reef fishes","volume":"41","author":"Parker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Afr. J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.3354\/meps049083","article-title":"Barnacles and mussels as biomonitors of trace elements: a comparative study","volume":"49","author":"Phillips","year":"1988","journal-title":"Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.10.028","article-title":"Accumulation of organochlorine pesticides in reef organisms from marginal coral reefs in South Africa and links with coastal groundwater","volume":"137","author":"Porter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1890\/0012-9658(2002)083[0703:USITET]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Using stable isotopes to estimate trophic position: models, methods, and assumptions","volume":"83","author":"Post","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.2989\/1814232X.2016.1227277","article-title":"Absence of an effect of freshwater input on the stable isotope and fatty acid signatures of intertidal filter-feeders","volume":"38","author":"Puccinelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Afr. J. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2015.12.017","article-title":"Does proximity to urban centres affect the dietary regime of marine benthic filter feeders?","volume":"169","author":"Puccinelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2019.03.015","article-title":"Coastal upwelling affects filter-feeder stable isotope composition across three continents","volume":"147","author":"Puccinelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Environ. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0230","series-title":"Pesticides in the Modern World \u2013 Pesticides Use and Management","article-title":"Pesticide use in South Africa: one of the largest importers of pesticides in Africa","author":"Quinn","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2006.05.007","article-title":"Trace metal bioaccumulation: models, metabolic availability and toxicity","volume":"33","author":"Rainbow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2011.06.040","article-title":"Trophically available metal - a variable feast","volume":"159","author":"Rainbow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2015.03.007","article-title":"Metal accumulation and toxicity: the critical accumulated concentration of metabolically available zinc in an oyster model","volume":"162","author":"Rainbow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aquat. Toxicol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a394","DOI":"10.4102\/satnt.v32i1.394","article-title":"Is metal pollution a threat to the continued survival of the starfish in False Bay, South Africa?","volume":"32","author":"Reinecke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1080\/15627020.2012.11407518","article-title":"Spatial and temporal variation in cadmium body loads of four intertidal invertebrates from False Bay, South Africa","volume":"47","author":"Reinecke","year":"2012","journal-title":"Afr. Zool."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb2005","article-title":"A comparative study of the accumulation of metals in the barnacle (Tetraclita serrata) and the black mussel (Choromytilis meridionalis) in False Bay, South Africa","volume":"33","author":"Reinecke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2010.12.022","article-title":"Barnacles as biomonitors of metal contamination in coastal waters","volume":"93","author":"Reis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci."},{"issue":"Sup 1","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S193","DOI":"10.2989\/1814232X.2016.1150347","article-title":"Riverine influence determines nearshore heterogeneity of nutrient (C, N, P) content and stoichiometry in the KwaZulu-Natal Bight, South Africa","volume":"38","author":"Scharler","year":"2016","journal-title":"Afr. J. Mar. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.2989\/16085914.2015.1074881","article-title":"An evaluation of the weight of evidence approach to assess sediment quality in the Mvoti Estuary, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"40","author":"Shaddock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Afr. J. Aquat. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0280","series-title":"Marine and Coastal Component, 4","first-page":"325","article-title":"National Biodiversity Assessment 2011: technical report","author":"Sink","year":"2012"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2014.07.047","article-title":"An analysis of historical Mussel Watch Programme data from the west coast of the Cape Peninsula, Cape Town","volume":"87","author":"Sparks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2019.113856","article-title":"Evaluation on the biomagnification or biodilution of trace metals in global marine food webs by meta-analysis","volume":"264","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Pollut."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7643-8340-4_6","article-title":"Heavy metals toxicity and the environment","volume":"101","author":"Tchounwou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Experientia Supplementum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1007\/s00442-003-1270-z","article-title":"Sources of variation in consumer-diet \u03b415N enrichment: a meta-analysis","volume":"136","author":"Vanderklift","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oecologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2013.05.015","article-title":"Baseline levels and trophic transfer of persistent organic pollutants in sediments and biota from the Congo River Basin (DR Congo)","volume":"59","author":"Verhaert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.02.057","article-title":"Persistent organic pollutants in the Olifants River Basin, South Africa: bioaccumulation and trophic transfer through a subtropical aquatic food web","volume":"586","author":"Verhaert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocecoaman.2019.105035","article-title":"Application of the relative risk model for evaluation of ecological risk in selected river dominated estuaries in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa","volume":"185","author":"Vezi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocean Coast. Manag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2019.01.064","article-title":"Reliance of coastal intertidal food webs on river input \u2013 current and future perspectives","volume":"101","author":"Vinagre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ecol. Indic."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.11.019","article-title":"Biological toxicity estimates show involvement of a wider range of toxic compounds in sediments from Durban, South Africa than indicated from instrumental analyses","volume":"138","author":"Vogt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.06.144","article-title":"Bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants and their trophic transfer through the food web: human health risks to the rural communities reliant on fish from South African\u2019s largest floodplain","volume":"685","author":"Volschenk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2008.04.003","article-title":"Comparative approaches to understand metal bioaccumulation in aquatic animals","volume":"148","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2012.05.037","article-title":"Status of marine pollution research in South Africa (1960\u2013present)","volume":"64","author":"Wepener","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mar. Pollut. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0345","series-title":"World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation, Volume II: The Indian Ocean to the Pacific","first-page":"101","article-title":"Chapter 5: South Africa","author":"Wepener","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0350","article-title":"Monitoring of metals in South African harbours using resident brown mussels (Perna perna) as indicator organisms","author":"Wepener","year":"2020","journal-title":"Afr. J. Zool."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.01.047","article-title":"Organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in fish from Lake Awassa, Ethiopia: insights from stable isotope analysis","volume":"91","author":"Yohannes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309_bb0360","first-page":"3","article-title":"The use of stable isotopes in the study of animal migration","volume":"3","author":"Zimmo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Educ. Knowl."}],"container-title":["Marine Pollution Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025326X20304276?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0025326X20304276?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T23:35:31Z","timestamp":1758411331000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0025326X20304276"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"references-count":72,"alternative-id":["S0025326X20304276"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309","relation":{},"ISSN":["0025-326X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0025-326X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Trophic transfer of pollutants within two intertidal rocky shore ecosystems in different biogeographic regions of South Africa","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Marine Pollution Bulletin","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111309","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"111309"}}